History of London: kufotokoza, mfundo chidwi ndi zowoneka

Pafupifupi onse apaulendo amene amapezeka mu UK amakonda onetsetsani kukaona likulu lake. N'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa kuti mbiri ya London wakhalako kwa pafupifupi zaka zikwi ziwiri, lodzala ndi zochitika, kuphatikizapo magazi. Kodi mungathe kutiuza za chilengedwe ndi chitukuko cha ndale, chuma ndi chikhalidwe likulu la United Kingdom, zowoneka ake chidwi?

History of London: chiyambi

Kutchula koyamba likulu la Albion pachibwenzi 43 chaka AD. Ndipotu nkhani umayamba London ndi ndegeyo wa Roma Legio mu British Isles. Kupita kumtunda asilikali anakumana ndi chowalepheretsa, umene uli wotchuka Thames. The Kuoloka kwa mtsinje umaimira yomanga mlatho. Ntchito Aroma anakakamizika anamanga msasa m'mphepete kumpoto kwa mtsinjewu lomwe linadzadziŵika Londinium.

Malinga ndi mbiri ya wasayansi Tacitus, kale 51, tawuni yatsopanoyi yapindula mutu wa malonda linga lolimba. Choyamba, ankakhala ndi dothi khoma, ndipo kenako (mu zana lachinayi za oyambirira) izo m'malo mwa mpanda wamiyala. History of London zikusonyeza kuti mzinda anakumana nthawi zovuta kugwirizana ndi kugwa kwa Ufumu wa Roma. Nyumba inawonongedwa, chiwerengero cha anthu ali utachepa kwambiri. Komabe, London wakhala obadwanso m'nthawi ya chiwiri. Zinali ndiye kuti anthu m'tauni ali pa tchalitchi woyamba dzina lake polemekeza Paulo Woyera.

M'zaka za m'ma kwa Londinium kale anabwerera mbiri Trade Center, koma panali latsopano vuto - ndi Viking anawazunza. Ndondomeko kutha yekha mfumu Eduard Ispovednik, pakati pa zaka za m'ma 11 amene ankalengeza achingelezi ukulu mu mzinda.

Ages Middle

Mbiri ya London pa Ages Middle monga lapadera. M'zaka 11 m'gawo lake inamangidwa Westminster Abbey, umene 1066 anavekedwa wotchuka William Mgonjetsi. Kudzera mwa tawuni ya mfumu analemera ndi lalikulu. Mu 1209 wotchuka inamangidwa London Bridge, amene mitanda Mtsinje Thames, izo wakhalapo kwa zaka 600.

The nthawi kuphimba 12, 13 ndi m'ma 14, kunapezeka kuti vuto linalake kwa malo amenewa. History of London amasonyeza kuti mwachidule anagwidwa ndi French, odziwa wamba kupanduka. Komanso vuto lalikulu linali nthendayo.

Opindulitsa pa likulu la Albion anaonekera pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Tudor mafumu. Pa nthawi imeneyo London anali mwa malo Europe yaikulu kugula. A amadza zabwino pa chitukuko cha kufooka kwa Spain, anagonjetsa nkhondo ya 1588.

nthawi yatsopano

Tudors Stuarts anasintha, koma likulu ali anapitiriza kuchulukana. Mwa njira, udindo waukulu mu United Kingdom London anagula mu 1707. The mmenenso m'ma St. Paul kuchira moto, pomanga Westminster mlatho. BUCKINGHAM Palace adziwonetsa nyumba yogonamo chachikulu cha mafumu.

Mu 19-20 zaka TH, mzinda anakumana mafakitale ndi mizinda, chiwerengero cha anthu ake kuchuluka kwa anthu miliyoni. Mu 1836, ntchito yomanga inayamba njanji, mu 1863 panali yapansi mu London. Ndithudi, pakhala mavuto, mwachitsanzo, kolera mliri, amene mosavuta anafotokoza ndi kukula mofulumira anthu.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za zomvetsa anakhumudwitsa pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, mulinso mbiri ya London. Mwachidule: likulu la mobwerezabwereza anadwala ndege mabomba mdani, ambiri a nyumba lidawonongeka. Ife tikungodziwa ndi zoyerekeza chiwerengero cha anthu amene akhudzidwa mwa anthu wamba - anthu 30 sauzande.

mafotokozedwe

Kumene, si chidwi mbiri ya London. Kodi mudzi waukulu wa United Ufumu lero? Amadziwika kuti mzinda umenewu ndi mzinda wachiwiri kukula, yomwe ili m'malire a ku Ulaya. Malo ndi za 1580 makilomita lalikulu.

Kodi anthu ambiri amakhala likulu la Albion? Malinga ndi kafukufuku, chithunzi ndi pafupifupi mamiliyoni 8.5 anthu. Mumzindawo si British kokha komanso Irish, amwenye, Amwenye ndi ena.

mfundo zosangalatsa

History of London ananena kuti mzinda si nthawi zonse zimakhala dzina pano. Mu mbiri zosiyanasiyana yatsikira kwa masiku athu, mudzi, zimakambidwa ngati Londinium, Lyudenburg, Lyudenvik. Yamagazi kwambiri mu mbiriyakale ya ku likulu la imatengedwa za m'ma 17, ndi nthawi ya anthu ake akukumana ndi zodabwitsa monga Great mliri, chimene chinapha anthu oposa 60 zikwi, Moto Wamkulu wa London, amene anawononga nyumba zambiri zopanda mbiri.

Am'deralo kawirikawiri mzinda wawo "chachikulu utsi". Izi ndi chifukwa chifunga chachikulu - tsoka umene unachitika mu 1952. Patangopita masiku asanu a m'tawuni anali waphimbika mu utsi, izi zinachitika chifukwa cha ndende kwambiri amakampani mafakitale m'gawo lake. Great chifunga anapha zikwi zinayi anthu.

Mu dziko palibe yapansi, anamanga pamaso London. okhalamo a London wotchedwa "chitoliro," monga zinaliri mu mawonekedwe ali ambiri a ngalande za.

London History owonetsera zakale

Anthu a likulu British mosamala amanena kuti mbiri ya mzinda wokondedwa. Umboni ndi History Museum wa London, chiwerengero cha zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho amene yaitali kuposa miliyoni. nyumbayi anali onse chokhudzana ndi moyo wa m'mudzi, kuchokera nthawi isanafike maziko ake.

Kutsegula chachikulu cha nyumbayi chinachitika mu 1976, iyo ili pafupi Cathedral St. Paulo. mwayi wake ufulu kwa aliyense. Pa mphindi, ndi chionetsero chidwi kwambiri ndi mphunzitsi wa Ambuye Meya.

Natural History Museum

Natural History Museum ku London, anaonekera mu 1881, choyamba ntchito monga mbali ya British Museum, kenako mwalamulo kulekana naye. nyumbayi anatchuka chifukwa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ake ochepa ku dziko ya zinyama, zomera, mineralogy, paleontology. Choyamba kutchuka kwake pakati pa anthu ndi alendo a mzindawo chifukwa chakuti zinyamazi ali m'gulu zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho lapansi.

Mwachitsanzo, mu Museum of History Natural (dzina lake pakati), mukhoza kuona mafupa a Diplodocus, kutalika mamita 26. alendo kumasonyezanso chitsanzo makina a Tyrannosaurus Rex.

zokopa yowala

Mwamwayi, mbiri lapadera wa London analemba osati mabuku. N'zotheka kuphunzira, kufufuza zokopa kuti mpake wotchuka chifukwa likulu la Albion. Mwachitsanzo, Nsanja ya London - mpanda wolimba umene wakhala zoposa zaka 900, kugwira pafupifupi mbiri wamagazi wa UK. Pa nthawi, iye anasanduka wapadera owonetsera zakale zovuta, mkati muli zambiri zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho chidwi.

Westminster Abbey - chitsanzo chabwino cha zomangamanga Gothic, akhala zaka chidwi chifukwa kukongola kwake. Ndi kuno zaka zoposa zikwi, panali coronation olamulira British, pano ali m'manda oimira olemekezeka a mtundu - mafumu osati kokha, komanso asayansi, olemba. The British Museum lili angapo zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho kuti tizidziwe onse n'zosathekadi, ngakhale kwa masiku angapo. Nyumba dera mahekitala 6. Osati kutchula BUCKINGHAM Palace, komwe 775 zipinda.