Khama la moto. Moto wolusa (nkhalango, peat), mtima

Moto angabweretse zoopsa kwambiri moyo, thanzi ndi chuma cha anthu. Moto mu chikhalidwe zambiri zimachitika zikhalidwe za chilala yaitali ndipo kwambiri ndi nyengo mphepo. Flames othamanga mu nkhalango - mdani wamkulu wa chilengedwe. Ndipotu, umabweretsa zomvetsa yaikulu ndipo nthawi zina anthu amene akhudzidwa ndi anthu. moto Peat kuwononga chosachiritsika chikhalidwe, kuthetsa mavuto amene inafunika zaka zambiri. Nkhani adzapatsidwa kwa tanthauzo la "moto", muli mfundo zodabwitsazi mu chikhalidwe, makamaka m'nkhalango.

Khama la moto

Moto - njira kuyaka kuti kumanyoza kulamulira, pali cholinga chapadera, kuchititsa kuwononga zinthu ndi chimaika pangozi moyo ndi thanzi la munthu. Izi lawi optionally lotseguka, nthawi zina yekha amapezeka incandescence ndi ziphuphu. Tanthawuzo la "moto" wa lingaliro kukusonyeza kuti ndondomeko kuyaka amatha kudzikonda kufalitsa kupitirira malo omwe anafuna kuswana ndi yokonza moto.

Makhalidwe, ndi kuonetsetsa kuti ayende chodabwitsa motere:

• choyaka;
• mpweya kuwombola;
• kutentha.

Malinga ndi moto kuyaka danga gulu ikukhudza mitundu zotsatirazi:

• mafakitale;
• banja;
• achilengedwe.

Kuvomerezedwa chikhalidwe cha moto - ndi pamaso pa zigawo izi:

• poyatsira gwero;
• oxidizer;
• zipangizo kuyaka kapena zinthu.

zone moto

Khama la moto zikusonyeza kuti chodabwitsa, kaya mtundu wake, kukuchitika pakubweranso danga ena. Kudera limeneli akhoza kugawidwa m'zigawo zitatu:

• yogwira zone kuyaka;
• matenthedwe chikoka zone;
• utsi nthambi.

yogwira woyaka zone - gawo ili la danga imene malawi kapena losonyeza zinthu red-hot alipo mwachindunji. Mu lawi (homogeneous) kuyaka kwa malire pamwamba gawo imatengedwa lamoto zakuthupi ndi wosanjikiza woonda moto, umene glows. Ngati flameless kuyaka (heterogenous), woyendera nthambi izi limanenedwa pamwamba chowala red-hot zakuthupi.

Ndi kutentha anakhudzidwa zone amapereka malo mozungulira gawo yogwira kuyaka kumene kutentha ndi kuzizira pakati pa moto pamwamba ndi zipangizo juxtaposed ndi nyumba. Kutentha pano ukufika makhalidwe amene koopsa anthu ndi malo ozungulira. Munthu sangakhale m'dera lino popanda wapadera chitetezo matenthedwe.

Zone ya utsi - danga umene uli pafupi ndi malo kukhudzana ndi kutentha, ndi kumene anthu sangakhale popanda wapadera chitetezo diso ndi kupuma. Mu dera ngati zochita za moto akulephera chifukwa cha kusowa aone.

The tanthauzo awa amaperekedwa kwa moto, lomwe limapezeka mu chilengedwe.

Khama la moto wolusa

Nature (malo), moto - njira kuyaka amene kumanyoza ulamuliro kumachitika zokha ndipo anagawira chilengedwe. Nthawi zina ngati chinthu kumachitika chifukwa kumenya kwa mphezi, ndi kugwa kwa miyala yochokera kapena mapiri zotupa, koma chifukwa chachikulu - kanthu anthu. Chifukwa anachita kuwotcha dala kapena osasamalira anathetsera moto ndipo moto wolusa zimachitika. Tanthawuzo la zodabwitsazi chimasiyanitsa mitundu ya moto:

• moto wa m'nkhalango;
• steppe moto magulu;
• peat moto ndi poyatsira wa madipoziti organic.

Mwa mitundu imeneyi, pali wina amene ali ambiri, ndi kubweretsa zomvetsa yaikulu. Izi moto nkhalango.

Khama la moto wa m'nkhalango

Forest moto - ichi kuyatsa zomera, amene si amenable kulamulira ndipo mwadzidzi kufalitsa zosiyanasiyana m'dera.

Zimayambitsa zodabwitsazi ndi ziwiri:

• Natural zinthu. Izi akhoza kugwidwa ndi mphezi kapena kuyaka mowiriza zomera youma kapena peat.
• Anthropogenic zinthu. Zikuphatikizapo chizolowezi kuyeretsa anachita kuwotcha dala, mwadala kapena mwangozi poyatsira kapena banal sanali kugwilizana ndi malamulo chitetezo pogwiritsa moto.

Pa nthawi, n'zotheka kuti moto zidzachitika chifukwa zinthu zina zachilengedwe, pafupifupi 20%. Chifukwa chachikulu cha moto m'nkhalangoyi ndi zochita za anthu.

Khama la moto, limene inasiya mu nkhalango, zikusonyeza gulu zochokera kafalitsidwe mathamangidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha moto.

Gawo kafalitsidwe mathamangidwe

An khalidwe zofunika za moto ndi ndalama zawo kuchulukana. Malinga ndi chizindikiro ichi, moto amenewa wachinsinsi motere:

• ofooka;
• sing'anga;
• amphamvu.

Pakuti ofooka nkhalango moto khalidwe kafalitsidwe mathamangidwe zomwe si upambana mamita 3 pa mphindi. Mtengo avareji index ili la poyatsira zimasiyanasiyana mamita 3 100 pa mphindi imodzi. A moto amphamvu nkhalango yodziwika ndi kafalitsidwe mathamangidwe pamwamba mamita 100 pa mphindi imodzi.

Gulu la chikhalidwe cha moto

Forest moto malingana ndi chikhalidwe cha moto anawagawira motere:

• grassroots;
• kavalo;
• mobisa (peat).

Ground moto - moto chimene chimayanga mwa tiers m'munsi a mitengo ndi zitsamba, zinyalala, masamba ndi nthambi kuti anagwapo. Chochuluka ignitions akuyamba ndi mtundu uwu. Kenako, polenga zinthu zina kuti moto wa m'nkhalango ndi grassroots lidzasinthidwa kavalo kapena mobisa.

Korona moto - moto okuta denga la nkhalango. The moto mu nkhani iyi, kufalitsa denga la mitengo. Mtundu wa poyatsira Ndi mmene nkhalango phiri. Zikamera wa moto korona kumathandiza kuti mphepo yamphamvu.

The tanthauzo lenileni la moto kuti akupezeka nthaka pansi nkhalango, adzapatsidwa m'nkhani pansipa.

Peat moto: Tanthauzo

Peat moto - moto kapena zachilengedwe youma peat bogs chifukwa kutenthedwa pamwamba pa dzuwa kapena akuchitira kusasamalira moto munthu.

Komanso zimayambitsa moto mobisa akhale mphezi kumenya kapena kavalo ndi nthaka moto. lawi awo likulowerera mu kuya kwa wosanjikiza peat pafupi mizu ya mitengo ndi zitsamba.

Peat moto kumachitika mu mawonekedwe a kuwola yosavuta pamene palibe poyatsira kapena kuyaka mu mawonekedwe a misa ndi ukubwera mpweya. zochitika amenewa ndi ovuta kuona. Nthawi zambiri kusonkhezera peat amanamizira kuti zokolola otsika utsi kuchokera m'nthaka. Wopitiriza ndondomeko mobisa moto zikhoza yatsoka grassroots ignitions mobwerezabwereza.

moto Peat anawagawira malingana chiwerengero ndi kuya kwa lamoto-foci.

Gulu la moto

Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa foci moto peat anawagawa mitundu zotsatirazi:

• odnoochagovye;
• multifocal.

Odnoochagovye moto mobisa zimachitika choncho mphezi anthu kapena osasamalira anathetsera moto mu malo enaake. Multifocal anapanga mfundo subsurface angapo kuyaka zinthu organic.

Gulu la peat moto woyaka mu kuya zotsatirazi:

• ofooka;
• pafupifupi;
• amphamvu.

Ofatsa peat moto woyaka amakhala ndi akuya zosaposa masentimita 25. Avereji mobisa moto ndi ukulu wa index izi kwa masentimita 25 mpaka 50. Pakuti khalidwe amphamvu chakuya peat moto oposa 50 masentimita.

Pomaliza

Moto, malingana ndi malo chiyambi anawagawa mafakitale, banja ndi masoka. Danga imene moto zikachitika, lagawidwa m'zigawo zitatu: yolimbikira kuyaka, kutentha ndi utsi kukhudzana. Poyankha, moto wolusa zina wachinsinsi pathabwa ndipo peat. Chifukwa chachikulu asayembekezere ndi zochita za anthu. Khama la moto kunachitika nkhalango kumatanthauza gulu zina ndi mathamangidwe kafalitsidwe. Malinga a moto, chotero chodabwitsa kungakhale grassroots, Hatchi ndi mobisa. moto Peat anawagawa mitundu malingana chiwerengero ndi kuya kwa lamoto-foci.