Zitsamba zamtundu: mayina. Mankhwala a Mankhwala ndi Zitsamba

Kuyambira nthawi zakale anthu akhala akugwiritsa ntchito zitsamba zowonongeka m'moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku , omwe maina awo amadziwika kwa aliyense - dandelion, burdock, nettle, celandine, clover, ledum, sage, adonis ndi mazana mazana ambirimbiri. Iwo amakula kuti adye chakudya, kukonzekera kwa mankhwala, kuti ziweto zizidyetsedwa, kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito m'makampani.

Kodi udzu ndi chiyani?

Mudziko pali magulu otere a zomera:

• Mitengo - imakhala ndi thunthu limodzi, lokhala ndi makungwa, nthambi zambiri za nthambi.
• Zitsamba - mmalo mwa thunthu lalikulu amapanga zingapo zing'onozing'ono zowonongeka.
• Zitsamba - mulibe thunthu, koma zimakhala zofewa, zomwe zimafa chaka chilichonse. Iwo ali pachaka, abwino komanso osatha.

Zitsamba zakutchire ndi zowalidwa

Zomera zomwe zimakula popanda thandizo laumunthu zimatchedwa zakutchire. Iwo amagawidwa kumene kuli malo abwino ndi zachilengedwe kwa iwo. Mitengo ya herbaceous yomwe munthu anabzala kapena kubzala, yotsatiridwa ndi kukonzekeretsedwa (kuthirira, kuchitidwa, kumera) ndi zitsamba zamtundu. Zitsanzo za kulima zimadziwika kuyambira kale. Pakati pa kuswana, asayansi amathandizira kwambiri khalidwe la zitsamba, kuwonjezera chisanu ndi chilala kukana, zokolola, kukana matenda.

Chomera chomwecho chingakhale chachilengedwe komanso chikhalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati udzu wa udzu umamera pamadambo achilengedwe, ndiwotchi. Ngati munthu akufesa malo odyetserako msipu ndikumusamalira, amakhala chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe.

Nkhaka ndi therere?

Famuyo imagwiritsa ntchito zitsamba zambiri. Mayina awo ndi a mitundu yosiyana - letesi, sorelo, timothy udzu, melissa, mbewu za caraway, katsabola, parsley, mpiru, horseradish, motherwort, ginseng ndi ena. Izi ndizo zitsanzo zodziwika kwambiri. Koma kodi mukudziwa kuti mbatata, nkhaka ndi phwetekere zili, komanso zimalima zitsamba? Mayina awo ndi ozoloŵera kwa ife, koma timawawona ngati masamba. Ndipotu, zamasamba zimatchedwa zipatso za moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, pomwe moyo wawo umakhala udzu. Mwachifaniziro, nthochi, chinanazi ndi artichoke ya Yerusalemu ndizomera zotsamba, apa mungathe kuphatikiza tirigu, rye, nandolo, nyemba ndi mbewu zina zomwe ziribe thunthu la mtengo kapena lignified zimayambira.

Kulemba

Sayansi, zitsamba zimagawidwa mu:

• Chaka ndi chaka - amamwalira pambuyo pa nyengo yokula ndi fruiting (mwachitsanzo, katsabola, nandolo). Amatha kungosinthidwa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi mbewu.
• Mitengo ya Biennial ndi zomera zomwe moyo wawo wonse umatha miyezi 24 ndikuphatikizapo nyengo ziwiri zikukula. Izi, mwachitsanzo, kabichi, kaloti, daisies.
• Zamoyo zosatha ndizo zomera zomwe moyo wawo umakhala zaka zoposa ziwiri. Wort John's wort, burdock, nthochi ndi zitsanzo za udzu wosatha.

Zosankha zina zamagulu

Ndi makampani:

• Grasses (kumunda kumunda);
• Mitengo ya herbaceous, omwe zipatso zake ndi ndiwo zamasamba (kukula kwa masamba);
• Maluwa (floriculture).

Zolinga zachuma:

• Zakudya Zakudya - katsabola, parsley, chitowe, mpiru, biringanya ndi mazana ambiri.
• Dyetsani zomera - nyemba, sainfoin, udzu wa timothy , ndi zina zotero.
• Udzu wambiri - fulakesi, hemp, ndi zina zotero.
• Medonosy - buckwheat, clove sweet, snakehead, ndi zina zotero.
• Mitengo yaulimi ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu phytotherapy. Izi ndi chamomile, motherwort, valerian, ginseng, timbewu, ayr, wort St. John, string, plantain, oregano. Amafesedwa m'minda kuti azitenga zipangizo zothandiza: masamba, maluwa, rhizomes.
• Mitengo yodala ndi calendula, yomwe ikugwiritsanso ntchito kwa zomera za mankhwala.
• Zitsamba zamakono - kugwiriridwa.

Mitundu yosawerengeka

Nthawi zina zomera zimamera (udzu) malinga ndi momwe zimakhalira, poganizira kuchuluka kwa chinthu:

• Mapuloteni okhala,
• Starch,
• Zotsatira za shuga,
• Mafuta a maolivi,
• Ethereal,
• Zosakaniza,
• Alkaloid,
• Zosangalatsa.

Tchulani zosiyana

Mmera uliwonse uli ndi mayina angapo. Mwa anthu, maina a zitsamba (zosiyana zimatha kusiyana kwambiri pakati pawo) zimatanthauzira moyenera zinthu zawo zapadera. M'dziko la sayansi, zomera zotero zimatchedwa Latin mawu.

Analima zitsamba za ku Russia

Mayina a zomera za herbaceous zomwe zimakula pazinthu zazikulu za dziko lathu ndizochuluka kwambiri. Mitundu imakula m'minda yaulimi, nthaka yobzala yomwe imakupatsani inu kukolola zochuluka. Amayi amafesa ndi kudzala zitsamba zambiri pakhomo pawo.

Chikhalidwe chofala kwambiri cha herbaceous ku Russia ndi tirigu. Mbewu zina zomwe zimakula mobwerezabwereza m'dzikolo, mungatchule rye, oat, balere, chimanga, soya ndi mapira.

Zomera zobiriwira - nandolo, nyemba, mphodza.

Mbatata ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wa zomera zotsamba zomwe zimakula bwino ku Russia. Timakhalanso ndi chikhalidwe chokhalira shuga - shuga.

Mitundu yonyamula mafuta, mpendadzuwa, kugwirira, fulakesi, mpiru zimagawidwa kwambiri.

M'minda ndi m'munda wamaluwa zimakula masamba - nkhaka, zukini, sikwashi, eggplant, tomato, katsabola, radishes, beets, anyezi, kaloti ndi kabichi. Zonsezi ndi chikhalidwe cha Russia. Mayina awo ali m'gulu la botanical monga zomera za herbaceous. Ngakhale izi sizikumveka, muyenera kuvomereza!

Mankhwala a Mankhwala

Mayina a zomera za mankhwala zomwe zimalimidwa ku Russia ndizochuluka kwambiri. Mahekitala angapo mamiliyoni ambiri m'dziko muno amapatsidwa mwayi wofesa mankhwala. Kaŵirikaŵiri amafesa timbewu timeneti, chamomile, valerian, plantain, burdock, nettle, celandine. Zosavuta, lavender, wonyamulira St. John, udzu winawake, ginger, motherwort, sage, chowawa, marjoram, basil wakula.

Posachedwapa, mahekitala pansi pa zitsamba zamankhwala akhala akutsika mofulumira. Chifukwa chachikulu ndichabechabechabe. Mitengo ya herbaceous ikufunidwa mu chisamaliro, kukonzanso kwa mbewu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamanja, mitengo ya zipangizo ndizochepa. Kuonjezera apo, zitsamba zambiri za mankhwala m'zaka zotsatira zikuphimba mbewu za mbewu zina monga namsongole, mobwerezabwereza kukula m'mizere.

Poganizira kufunika kwa zomera zoterozo mu Soviet Union, iwo ankaphatikizidwa makamaka mu ulimi woyendayenda. Komabe, lero mlimi amalima tirigu ndi mpendadzuwa - mbewu zomwe zimapereka phindu lalikulu. Ndipo ndani akufuna kufesa mzeru? Mwina iyi ndi funso losavuta.