Astafjevs, "M'busa ndi m'busa": kusanthula mankhwala, mwachidule

wolemba Special - woyambitsa wa buku lino, ndi ntchito zapadera. Ayi, iye mwina si kulemba ndakatulo mu prose. Komabe, kupyola mu mzere wake, mu mawu Vladimira Semenovicha Vysotskogo, wakhala "Chimachokera moyo." Viktor Petrovich Astafev kukonda dziko lako nkhondo anaphunzira yekha. Iye anali wamba, kubwera kutsogolo mongodzipereka. N'chifukwa chiyani sanaukitsidwa kutsogolo ngakhale pamaso anga chiyani? Izi akhoza kumva, ngakhale popanda kuwerenga mbiri ya wolemba, chakwanira kuwerenga nkhaniyi "M'busa ndi m'busa." Analysis wa mankhwala limafotokoza bwino kwambiri woyambitsa chikhalidwe zoopsa ndi oipa a nkhondo. Lamulo, ie, kutumiza atumiki imfa, ndi kukhala zaumunthu mkulu mayeso - .. Zimayenderana.

Nkhaniyi - za buku lake "M'busa ndi m'busa." Chidule Astakhov ntchito anditsutsa mutichitire wapadera mitundu wangwiro wolemba kukopera ndi mbiri rethought asilikali.

Private, nkhondo yomaliza

Zonsezi anaonanso iwo kwathunthu. Anathetsa Viktor dalaivala, ndi signalman, ndi gunner ... Iye anali kupereka kwa Order "Red Chabwino", ndi Mendulo "Pakuti Mtima". Udindo - Private. Iye anaona zonse zimene anapereka kwa owerenga nkhaniyo. Choncho kalembedwe ulaliki wa epic wake ankaona Tolstoy amve, chidwi tsatanetsatane. Onse aone kuti anthu onse apulumuke, kupereka kwa owerenga ndi nkhope yeniyeni ya nkhondo ... ngati vuto ndi zofunikira anathana Astafjevs wojambula mu nkhani 'Mbusa ndi m'busa. " The kusanthula gawo loyamba kutiuza kuti chilakolako cha wolemba kulenga zosatheka - kulemba nkhondo ubusa. Yoopsa imeneyi, moto woyaka amafotokozera.

Astafyevskaya ubusa Nkhondo

N'chifukwa chiyani wolemba polemba chinenero cha ubusa amusankha, ndi tanthauzo, idealized mtendere, yosavuta dziko moyo? Astafyevskaya ubusa ... Ndi wapadera, rethought malongosoledwe a nkhondo, kumene firestorm sangathe kugonjetsa maganizo patetizm anthu, kukongola kwa moyo wa munthu. Viktor anditsutsa owerenga kuti chikondi ndi wamphamvu kuposa nkhondo, ntchito yake "M'busa ndi m'busa"

Analysis wa gawo loyamba la nkhani adzayamba anasamutsa zithunzi. Graying mkazi chida cha odulidwa chakale si kubisala misozi, pamodzi ndi njanji mu steppe zakutchire ndi nthaka losweka opanda moyo kumene amalima coarse udzu, sagebrush-wireworms inde Chernobyl. M'njiramo iye amaganiza kilometre milozo mipiringidzo ..

Atafika kufunika, iye akutembenukira kwa chitunda ndi cholinga cha ulendo wake - ". Otoprela na ciyezezo" Piramidi chipilala, nyenyezi imene Zimaonekeratu kuti apuma pano munthu amene ali wokondedwa kwambiri kwa iye. Mkazi uyu - Lucy, ndipo iye anapeza manda a Boris Kostyaeva msilikali. Iye analankhula kuboola mawu, nkhope yake mbamuikha ku manda, "N'chifukwa chiyani pogona inu nokha pakati pa Russia?". Rhythmic mphamvu nkhaniyi ofanana kudzuka khungu "wakuda dzuwa" wa Sholokhov, amene adawona imfa ya Gregory pambuyo wake wokondedwa.

Astafyevskaya kufanizira ntchito ndi Sholokhov a "Matama Don"

Sichoncho resonates ndi chiyambi Astafyan nkhani "M'busa ndi m'busa" Mwambi, ndi Mihailom Aleksandrovichem chilengedwe chake? Pali mwa ndakatulo amatanthauza oleza dziko Russian, mkazi wamasiye wamng'ono ...

Komanso, ngati ntchito makina nthawi unwinds Astakhov pamene mmbuyo ndi immerses owerenga mu oopsa nkhondo zinthu. Platoon mkulu Kostyaeva anali chitetezo, ataima mu njira ya kufika yojambula lokonda atazungulira Germany. Iwo amapereka mwa moto eresovtsev batire ( "Katyusha"). Patsogolo mdani moto mwachindunji kugunda mfuti regimental. Kumbuyo - kutsogolo-mzere zida zankhondo (howitzers). Komabe, oyenda German koma kusweka kunkhondo platoon.

dogfight umu Astafjevs. "M'busa ndi m'busa" kupereka owerenga mwayi pafupifupi palpable kukhudza gehena ili - imfa umalira, mphasa, smashing nkhonya Sapper fosholo, anawomberedwa pa osiyanasiyana pafupi. Pafupi osati anazolowera nkhondo, mkulu Boris Kostyaeva kumenyana zamkomvzvoda kapitawo Nikolay Vasilevich Mohnakov. Anamenya, kuyambira mthunzi wa malire wakhala choipitsitsa kwa m'daniyo; ndiye kubisala mu chisanu, ndiye kudumpha izo, smashing tsamba ndi mfuti akatemera. Kapitawo nthawi zonse pakatikati pa nkhondo, atalamula, kumbuyo ya msilikali kusokonezedwa maganizo. uliri mkati chinachake chinali ofanana ndi boma la Sholokhov a Grigory Melekhov, heroics, zinthu mwamphamvu, sanazengereze kupha mdani. Komabe, lamkati zomwenso Astafyevskaya anga, moyo wake zopsereza ndi nkhondo. Tiyeni kukumbukira zimene analemba za boma Sholokhov: khalidwe lake sangathe kuchirikiza bwino kuti mwana osalakwa - anayang'ana kutali.

Kulankhulana ndi mtundu wanyimbo ya ubusa. Mavuto amangogwa powonekera

An ntchito zofunika za chiwembu cha gawo loyamba la kuwunika udzatithandiza nkhani "M'busa ndi m'busa." Kuyambira ndi mkulu-zomvetsa chisoni kuona wolemba chimamangirira mphamvu maganizo kufikira nkhondo yonyansa kusandulika kwa chakale ubusa powonekera - kutikumbatira mbusa ndi m'busa.

Komabe, anthu awa ali wotchuka mu European luso XVI-XVII zaka zambiri, achinyamata, kuyang'ana pa wina ndi mzake ndi maso achikondi, naperekanso mu yabata pamalo zachilengedwe, osandulika, mwa wolemba poyerekezera zenizeni lowopsya la nkhondo.

Mu Astafieva mbusa ndi m'busa - ndi nkhalamba ndi wokalamba mkazi wotanganidwa odyetserako ziweto anaphedwa ndi yosokera chipolopolo mdani. Awiri mitembo ya amuna, mwamphamvu atagwira manja, kuphimba bungwe ena mwa kuwombera. Pogona kupitirira chipinda pafupi ndi "mbatata dzenje."

Ankhondo catharsis

Chithunzi chimenechi, ndidachiwonacho asilikali, nkomwe kutuluka nkhondo yoopsa, osati kuwasiya osayanjanitsika. Onani kuti ndi wofunika zomvetsa chisoni zithunzi mu nkhaniyi, leitmotif, lomwe mwadala anayambitsanso oyambirira ntchito Astafjevs "M'busa ndi m'busa" mwadzidzidzi kumamusokoneza mphamvu ya nkhani.

Kodi n'chiyani chikuchitika chochitika ichi? Mwadzidzidzi asilikali anangopha ndi kuphedwa, ataona matupi awa awiri akubwera catharsis, kuzindikira zinthu zauzimu. Ali kale (mwina onse koma Mohnakova akulu) simuchita amagwirizana ndi nkhondo ndi kutsutsana. Mantha anakumana ndi iwo, kwambiri Astafjevs limasonyeza kuti chilengedwe dzanzi chete pa maliro awo omenyana platoon Boris Kostyaeva wosweka kokha mwa pemphero kuti yomweyo kuchokera pansi pa mtima limati lanky msilikali Lantsov. abwenzi ake kumvetsetsa - mu mawu ena ogwirizana.

Komanso, kuyambira mutu wachiwiri, nkhani "M'busa ndi m'busa" (chidule cha mankhwala kusonyeza izi kwa wowerenga) amapeza tangibility. Iyi ndi nkhani frontline chikondi Lucy ndi Boris. Komabe,, malinga ndi wolemba, chiwembu si palokha. chikondi Ichi chikuoneka mwa prism wa Astafev kale awo ubusa, anakumana pamwamba zochitika zomvetsa chisoni. Mu izo, ngati ikukonzekera foloko, pali mkulu a anthu pathos cha kutsutsidwa kwa moyo wa munthu, anthu chikondi helo nkhondo.

Ine kuletsa m'nyumba ya Lucy

asilikali anaima pa khomo la nyumba m'mene Lucy moyo. Mozizwitsa anakhalabe labwinobwino kumudzi kuno, ndi Hostess amatiuza kudzera pakamwa pa nkhani "M'busa ndi m'busa." Chidule cha ntchito imatiuza owerenga umayamba m'mlengalenga ulesi ndi ozimitsa usiku pambuyo kuphedwa woipa mtima. Anasiya nthawi imene sadzachitanso analumpha kuchokera ngalande, iwo anali onse ndiwofanana pamaso pa imfa, pamene, anakwiya nokha amamuchitira, anakhala zigawo za makina lowopsya la imfa: anaphedwa ndi kuphedwa, iwo potsiriza anamva okha zinthu sanali kumenyana. Asilikali anabwera kwa yekha, natenga miyoyo yawo Chilling nkhawa, madzi anasefukira jang'ala wake, amachotsedwa mu Beet lapansi. Kapitawo nthawi zonse anakwanitsa kufika iye. Chowonadi amatiuza za mpumulo pambuyo nkhondo "m'busa ndi m'busa." Analysis ntchito mu nkhani imeneyi likusonyeza zinthu ziwiri: chithunzi mwatsatanetsatane za anthu ndiponso typecasting eyeballs asapita Boris ndi Lucy.

Mu chochitika ichi, wolemba Astafjevs monga wotsogolera film, akupereka owerenga pafupi akuluakulu a m'nkhaniyi buku, ndi kuthekera kuyendetsa ndege zikoti zochepa wa mmisiri chikusonyezera aliyense. kwambiri m'goli asirikali awa, nzeru nkhondo platoon wina.

Zambiri pa nkhondo ndi asilikali

Moskvich Kostyaev msilikali, anapita kunkhondo pamene dziko la Germany anathamangitsidwa ndi Kuban ndi Caucasus, mwamsanga anataya Changu wake achinyamata. About msilikali kupirira nzeru akutiuza ife, "M'busa ndi m'busa." Analysis mutu "Nkhondo" zimatipatsa magazi ndiyeno chifukwa osiyanitsidwa zinachitikira wolemba: kumenyana ndi kukhala ndi moyo, tiyenera kumvetsa nkhondo, chifukwa palibe si heroics, nthawi kusankha malo ndi otetezedwa, yosalekerera ndi calluses pa manja ake, kukumba. Ndipo analumpha kuchokera ngalande akhale mwaukali kuwombera pa mdani, palibe njira ina. Mkulu Boris, kumvetsa limamutchula kwathunthu ndi asilikali Akundithandiza awo.

Pakati olimbana ndi atatu kapena anayi amene sangathe kumwa, kudya hmeleyuschih. Komabe, tiyenera kumwa. Kuti tisasokoneze maganizo kuchokera kuganizira za nkhope za imfa. Ife kumwa kuposa ena okha kapitawo, "Kum-yozimitsa moto" (T. E. A angathe Wapakamwa) Pafnutiev inde Kuma-Altai Karyshev ndi ana ku mudzi wa Chinsinsi. Palibe kukaika kuti mitundu ngati khalidwe anawona kutsogolo ndipo Astafjevs. "M'busa ndi m'busa" kusanthula zomwe ziri mkati gulu la asilikali.

Kaini ndi Abele

Ndipotu, simuli "kwa khasu" anthu. Ali ngati platoon ndi munthu wophunzira, yoona kale Korney Arkadevich Lantsov, woonda kumverera kwa nkhondo ndi chidani kwa moyo wa munthu. Pamene mfundo zake pambuyo kumwa jang'ala oopsa kukhudza mwambo wa umunthu, ndi anga imakankha iye mu msewu - "prosvezhitsya".

Ndipotu platoon ali usinkhu wapakati munthu pa maina Pafnutiev, kuonetsera mphamvu zake kulemba chidzudzulo. Komabe, Sergeant Mohnakov kudziwa za izo, mu nthawi polojekitiyi maganizo pa kazitape, kuti iye sanali kusonyeza loopsya "talente". Zoona - fano ili mwadala anadzetsa nsalu ya nkhani Astafjevs. "M'busa ndi m'busa" ri nyengo ndi zilembo - kazitape pano pa ntchito, monga mu moyo.

Kuma-Altai

Altai kumenyera wamba bwinobwino. Onsewo bata ndi mtima, thandizo kwambiri mkulu platoon. Karyshev wamba-exhaustively limafotokoza chifukwa chimene iye akumenyana. Zilibe ngakhale fungo mfundo. Iye mlimi, akumenyana dziko lakwawo, lomwe iye, mlimi (munthu wamkulu pansi), mdani amayesetsa kukatenga. Choncho chakuti nkhondo wakhala wowerengeka ndi, akutiuza kuti, "M'busa ndi m'busa." The kusanthula mankhwala kumatitsogolera "cudgel a nkhondo a anthu" Tolstoy ndi kuukitsa natsikira pa mutu wa aggressors lapansi. Ndipo komabe munthu uyu ngwa kwambiri, nthanthi lingaliro la anthu, m'dziko lapansi zinthu ziwiri oyera amayi ukubweretsa moyo ndi ulimi, kudyetsa ake. Ndipo anapemphera iwo mu gehena a nkhondo!

Mkulu Sergeant chimakakamiza

Ife kumwa kwambiri Siberia Mohnakova mchikakamizo cha "kudzutsidwa mtima" wa mowa wamphamvu, pamene anzake akugona, iye kugonana, n'kudziphatika kwa Hostess lapansi. kuyesa izi kuletsa mkulu Boris, kuchititsa anga, "msewu" ndipo analumbira kuti amuphe impassively pa nkhani ya zoyesayesa mobwerezabwereza. Kapitawo, pozindikira kuti moyo wake kotheratu chosakhulupirira zimene iye anafotokoza, intuitively kumva kuyenerera kwa Boris. Komabe, amadziwa kuti nkhondo wake moyo asaone mmene mkulu. Iye amapita kukagona mu khola.

Lucy amaona zonse izi. Iye ndi mkazi khalidwe lalikulu nkhani yakuti "m'busa ndi m'busa." Mwachidule kusanthula ntchito imeneyi kutsegula udindo wapadera mu Astafyan wake ubusa. Kuti Astafyan Mona Lisa. chifaniziro chake zovuta limatama wolemba modyerera ndi movingly. Russian mkazi amene anaonekera m'mudzi Chiyukireniya. wakuda maso ikulu, woonda oblong wanzeru nkhope, zolimba kuluka, manja wosakhazikika. mawu ake nkhope, mayendedwe kulankhula ndi ochenjera cholemba kuzindikira zikusonyeza kuchuluka kwa moyo wake. chithunzi ichi kwenikweni decorates Astafyevskaya Pastorale "M'busa ndi m'busa." The zili nkhani chifukwa cha iye kusandulika kwa ndege ya nkhondo mbali ya ubale wa anthu, makhalidwe a anthu, chifukwa chikondi, monga kuyenera nkhondo, wamuyaya.

ndimakukondani

Mu gawo lachitatu la wolemba limatiuza za chikondi chachikulu, mmene mkulu. "Chabwino, chifukwa chiyani ife monga anakumana ku nkhondo?" - akufunsa ngati wachibale kapena Supreme Lucy. Chambiri kupita mu izo pa utakhala ndi. Kenako iye akuuza wokondedwa Boris ndi za zosokonezeka, achifasizimu, ndi Polizei, mopanda manyazi ankalamulira ake m'madera amenewa. tingaphunzire kuchokera pakamwa pake, iye analandira maphunziro ake nyimbo. Chilamulo mabuku, zosiyana ndi kanyumba kumudzi, malinga ndi wachiwiri - mwalamulo - maphunziro. Zosayembekezereka barcode - Lucy, kukhala mu kutengeka, ngati munthu anayatsa shag. Akazi amene amasuta pamene anali sizachilendo, limasonyezanso ife lolondola ndi luso umphumphu wa nkhani "M'busa ndi m'busa." Text kusanthula Komabe, amasonyeza kuti ngakhale mwa chikondi kuwala sizingakhoze yomweyo kumasula moyo wa ululu Lucy chinaperekedwa ndi nkhondo. Komabe, mtsikanayo akuona kufunikira kwa chikondi, amaona yekha nzeru kuposa ankakonda wake, "zaka mkulu mazana" amaona mayi wachifundo ndi chisoni "Knight wake" nkhondo dziko lawo. Pakati pa achinyamata amaswa mwagwirizana kwambiri ndiponso mwachikondi kumverera, kukana chimene iwo sangathenso.

Back kutsogolo

"The mfuti, asilikali!" - linasokonekera izi idyll anga, kudutsa dongosolo ndi mkulu wa kampani, Major Filkina. Anaigonjetsera anapuma ndipo analandira zida zatsopano, patsogolo mzere kutsogolo. Lucy analowa yozizira msewu kuti ayende wokondedwa. Ulaliki wa mphindi ino wolemba kachiwiri amapeza mbali ya yadzaoneni. Mkazi m'chikondi mtima akuona kuti zichitike mpaka kalekale. Iye kuzizira mu ozizira, pambuyo kuchoka kwa ndime asilikali akupitiriza kuima prostration, kunong'onezana: "Bwererani moyo" Ndipo kunyumba, analibe ngakhale chitseko, ndipo kwa nthawi yaitali simungapeze ofunda, kumverera mtundu wa lachinsinsi kuboola ozizira.

Akamaliza tsokalo

Ikutha kupereka kwathu kwa zili nkhani yakuti "m'busa ndi m'busa." Analysis ndi mutu, kukhudzana wangwiro, imayenda mu pang'ono kutha - mutu wa "Mfundo The". Munthu wanzeru angathe anamaliza zomvetsa chisoni ubusa Astafieva. Iron mphero nkhondo mwankhanza ndi mwachisawawa pogaya anthu otsutsana naye ndi uthunthu wa umunthu. Ochititsa chidwi kuya kwake ganizo lofotokozedwa kapitawo Mohnakov kuti anthu kutsogolo kwa abale moyo. Pazifukwa zina, yonse ya imfa mwadzidzidzi nayo mphamvu ngwazi za bukhu Astafieva ... Kodi izo onse anayamba? Mwina kuperekedwa. Iye anawonekera mu Regiment latsopano mkulu-NKVD. Pafnutiev ankakonda iye, amene anachitika kwa khalidwe la Yudasi. Ndipo iye anadzudzula, wotembereredwa, ndipo kapitawo kuti "looting" ndi msilikali "kulankhulana ndi mkazi Muzisamala," ndipo koposa zonse - pa ufulu kuganiza kwaluntha Korney Abramovich Lantsova. Yotsirizira posakhalitsa chichotsedwa, mwaumbanda ntchito kutsogolo-mzere nyuzipepala. Komabe, tiyenera kupweteka yekha Pafnutiev. Iye anaiwala za maso a dyera, zikho aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino. Iye anang'amba kuchokera anga ndi mapazi onse. Mu amamwalira, kulapa, iye anauza kapitawo onse. Komabe, vuto sakhala sangathe kuyenda. Pamene asilikali a platoon mkulu Boris Kostyaeva blithely anabwerera ku malo pambuyo yobereka ovulala ku chipatala kumunda, mdani Sniper mnzake anawomberedwa Altaian Karysheva. Posachedwa kudwala kapitawo Mohnakov monga Astafjevs analemba, "kuti matenda amene si ankachitira mu kunkhondo." Iye sanaphe comrades wake, anayamba kukhala mosiyana, osiyana, anasiya kucheza. Ndipo mu nkhondo anga anayamba adzafunafuna imfa. Anakonza zonse. Tsimikizani kumwalira zozizwitsa, Mohnakov anatenga odana thanki wanga. mkate ake ngati iye anachita mu haversack wake. Naye, iye anaponyera pansi kupitirira thanki mdani. Posachedwapa, iye anavulazidwa mu phewa ndi ngwazi chachikulu kwa nkhaniyi, mkulu Boris Kostyaev. Pa nthawi imene iye anali likusoŵa aakulu wauzimu. Events inadutsa mu malingaliro ake, monga kaleidoscope a. Iye sanayambe "nditazolowera nkhondo." Ankadziwa Lucy ankaoneka zosatheka, kwa iye. Imfa oponderezedwa comrades.

Kamodzi mu chipatala kumunda ndi choipa wofatsa, msilikali wamkulu akakumana ndi ankam'fooketsa namwino akuluakulu ndi sing'anga. Ife anam'chitira yokhala. Ndipo kuti apatsidwe thandizo pa nthawi yomweyo ndi wochepa thupi linatunduzidwa moyo wake, owonongeka ndi nkhondo, izo sizinali. Ndipotu, chilonda sizinali choncho chabwinobwino ndipo maganizo mavuto - yokulirapo kuposa kuyembekezera. Dokotala wonyenga kumvetsa kuti umoyo wa ovulala ku chipatala chatsika, analamula kuti akamgwire Iye kuchipatala china. Koma Boris sanapeze. Iye anafa pa njira. Ndipo fulumirani thupi lake linasiyidwa imodzi mwa magalimoto ataima pa impasse ndi. Mutu wa siteshoni pang'ono pamodzi ndi mlonda m'manda wopambana mu dzenje mopupuluma anakumba. mlonda woledzera anasinthanitsa kabudula mochedwa pa lita imodzi ya mowa wamphamvu. Pambuyo kumwa ndi kungotengeka maganizo Pazitsekopo ndi chogwirira machira piramidi chipilala ndipo adatulutsa chinalowa pansi pa mitu mochedwa.

Pomaliza

Nkhani itha wa gawo limene zinayambira. Lucy anatembenuka imvi, maso kwambiri kuti zimawoneka chinazilala kwa zaka, ndipo anakhala atafa yekha wake wokondedwa. Tikapeza manda ake, mkaziyo mapulani - malonjezo posachedwapa iye.

Ubusa anachoka, ndi nkhani umatha ndi "M'busa ndi m'busa" kusanthula. Chikondi, ngakhale zomvetsa chisoni, nkhondo Umapeza.

Dzuwa umaunikira steppe ndi kubwerera kuletsa mkazi atavala zachikale odula ...