General chikhalidwe wokhoza maphunziro

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma otsiriza, pamene sukulu anali atangoyamba kumene ntchito zipangizo zamakono, aphunzitsi ndi zamaganizo takamba za nkhawa kuti posachedwapa mmalo mwa mphunzitsi m'kalasi ndi VCR.

Vuto la tanthauzo la maphunziro ano

Kamodzi , Pontiyo Pilato anafunsa Yesu za kodi choonadi. Ndipo chimene chimapanga maphunziro? Kodi onse chikhalidwe wokhoza maphunziro? ngati iwo okha okha kusamukira yosavuta kupeza nzeru ndi luso? Koyamba, yankho la funso ndi zoonekeratu ndithu, chifukwa maphunziro amagwirizana ndi kulanda zinthu zimene apindulira pa mbadwo wakale achinyamata.

Part asayansi kupata ndi aphunzitsi samagwirizana ndi tanthauzo limeneli. Iwo akukhulupirira kuti pali mawonedwe munthu wa maphunziro ano, zochokera kwa chizindikiritso ndi chitukuko cha luso wophunzira aliyense. General chikhalidwe yamtunduwu ayenera kukhala sing'anga kuti kayendedwe ka mwana pa njira yodutsamo payekha.

mapulogalamu osachepera yophunzitsa

Mu mfundo yatsopano maphunziro Kwalamulidwa osachepera aliyense chilango maphunziro, komanso zofunika omaliza 4, 9 ndi 11 makalasi. Awa ndi nzeru ndi luso ndi limene mwana ali kusamukira ku gawo limodzi la maphunziro wina kapena kusiya mpanda wa bungwe mayi enieni. Mogwirizana ndi kumayambiriro mayeso omaliza m'sukulu za pulaimale ndi sekondale mu mode mayeso, aphunzitsi nthawi lathu lenileni ndi kukhala ambiri chikhalidwe yamtunduwu ophunzira, chifukwa iwo ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa ana chifukwa OGE ndi mayeso. Si nthawi zonse mphunzitsi ali njira ya mapulani patokha kuphunzira, chakudya cha chuma chomwecho mosiyanasiyana kwa mwana aliyense. Komanso, mu sukulu ano pali vuto la subjectivity ndi kuyesa munthu mwa zinthu maphunziro.

Umunthu zochokera mawonedwe a maphunziro masiku ano, koma kukhazikitsa zake zonse sangalankhule mu mchitidwe sukulu.

Zenizeni za sukulu zamakono

kuti zimene zachitika tsopano mu maphunziro Akuti ngati ovuta. Mchitidwe ndi kuphunzitsa chiphunzitso panopa mu kusintha kwa kusamukira yosavuta luso komanso nzeru kwa mawonedwe a "kukula angathe kukwaniritsa umunthu." Ndi tsopano mapangidwe ambiri yamtunduwu chikhalidwe amakhala nkhani zofunika, chikhalidwe ofunikira zonse za achinyamata.

Features cha m'mene ziriri pano

Yesani kupeza zinthu ziliri mu maphunziro, kumvetsa zimayambitsa mavuto, kudziwa zimene mungachite kuti njira zawo. Kumasulira kwa mlingo ziphunzitso za manja pa mtundu wa mawonedwe maphunziro wophunzira zaokha, aphunzitsi choyamba ayenera abwereze ambiri chikhalidwe ndi akatswiri yamtunduwu awo.

Mphamvu ya maphunziro munthu

mawonedwe Izi zikutanthauza kuzindikira wapadera mwana aliyense, kufunika elaboration wa munthu njira yodutsamo maphunziro. Pankhaniyi amaganiza chitukuko cha chikhalidwe yamtunduwu wamba. Malingaliro a wophunzira munthu kudziwa, luso, luso zothandiza, koma njira munthu, iwo adzakhala osiyana wophunzira aliyense.

Pa ntchito za wophunzira zokha kuphunzira

Gululi mawonedwe maphunziro amakhulupirira kuti chitukuko cha chikhalidwe ambiri yamtunduwu akatswiri zimatheka ndi njira ya maphunziro. Ntchito njira munthu ndi kupereka kusinkhasinkha ndi zina zomwe munthu ophunzitsa a dongosolo la mwanayo. Amaganiza osati mapangidwe Zun, komanso kusankha zofunikira yophunzitsa imene mwana ali ndi ufulu wodzilamulira, nzeru zochuluka, ankadziwa zina zikayenda bwino mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe m'badwo m'mbuyomu. Ndi mu mawonedwe izi otchulidwa ambiri chikhalidwe zanchito. Sukulu kuzindikira ndi kukulitsa khalidwe lawo ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana za chilengedwe ndi anthu.

tanthauzo lenileni la A. N. Leontevu

Author mfundo maphunziro munthu kukhulupirira kuti ambiri chikhalidwe yamtunduwu kumathandiza mwana kupeza cholinga cha kudzikonda katswiri wa nzeru, kuphunzira latsopano. Iye akukhulupirira kuti ndi zolinga yosokoneza maganizo ndi maganizo a mwanayo, kumulimbikitsa ntchito yogwira maphunziro. Ngati Zun si zokhudzana ndi zinthu enieni amene wophunzirayo akhoza kukhala tanthauzo lenileni, kapena imene wophunzirayo zokha kulankhula maphunziro sanapite.

Zotsatira za kafukufuku pedagogy zamakono

General yamtunduwu chikhalidwe amatchulidwa ntchito za aphunzitsi ambiri ndi chi zamaganizo. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti apeze tanthauzo la kupeza chidziwitso, ndi masankhidwe a kaphunzitsidwe njira zofunika zenizeni:

• The zilandiridwenso lenileni la mwana poyerekezera ndi kuphunzira zachilengedwe kapena chikhalidwe cha zinthu, amene malinga ndi malo osiyanasiyana ophunzitsa.
• Kudziwa sukulu zinachitikira ake, kudziwa kuti wakhala anapeza pa kafukufuku wa zinthu ambiri chikhalidwe ndi zikhulupiliro.
• Udindo, komanso maganizo munthu kwa zinachitikira chitukuko ndi ambiri kudziwa chikhalidwe.

Mapangidwe competencies wamba chikhalidwe ndi akatswiri kumathandiza mwana kumvetsa malo ake anthu, kuyesetsa kuti kudziletsa chitukuko ndi kudzikonda kusintha. The mwana mwayi kuunikila achidule a ochititsa maphunziro gawo limene timavutika kwa moyo wam'tsogolo. Nditadziŵana mapangidwe amafotokozera ndi monga yamtunduwu, mfundo maphunziro m'badwo wachiwiri yapangidwa. Kamwana GEF ayenera kudziŵa zosiyanasiyana, koma mu nkhani iyi ndi zotheka kutukula.

Okhutira akuti "yamtunduwu"

Tamasulira kuchokera ku Latin, mawu mndandanda wa mafunso, mayankho amene amadziwa kwambiri kwa munthu. yamtunduwu anthu m'dera ena akusonyeza malo a luso zogwirizana ndi nzeru, amene aonetse udindo wake pa nkhaniyo. Izi lingaliro kwa nthawi yaitali ntchito pedagogy zoweta.

Mwachitsanzo, yamtunduwu zinenero bwino kufufuza, ntchito zinenero aphunzitsi yachilendo. Chosavuta ndi digiri ambiri chikhalidwe yamtunduwu yoyamba m'dera lililonse nkhani ndi mlingo wa maphunziro apamwamba.

Posachedwapa, chinthu chotero monga "yamtunduwu" salinso kugwirizana ndi pedagogical ambiri, didactic, methodological limaphunzitsa. Chifukwa - mu ntchito ndi m'ndondomeko ndi zopindulitsa ndiponso kugwirizana chitukuko metasubject pakati pa zinthu zosiyana za moyo wamasiku ano.

The yamtunduwu wa maphunziro Russian

Posachedwapa, maphunziro Russian kumalimbitsa udindo wa competencies. Monga mmodzi wa iwo akhoza otchulidwa yamtunduwu a ntchito ambiri chikhalidwe. Zimatengera chitukuko ndi ntchito miyambo ya anthu awo, mapangidwe wakutemwa ndi uzimu. Pakuti dziko maphunziro kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa chikhalidwe yamtunduwu wamba n'kofunika kwambiri.

Pansi yamtunduwu ankanena za kuchuluka kwa luso maluso ndi nzeru zomwe kuthandiza munthu mavuto ena.

Yamtunduwu zikutanthauza chopezeka ndi wokhoza ena, womwenso mtima munthu ku nkhani ya ntchito.

Mu yamtunduwu wa wophunzira amatanthauza kupeza maphunziro ndi yamtunduwu ndi khalidwe kapena kuchuluka kwa khalidwe komanso chochitika osachepera m'munda makamaka. Mu "Education wamakono Njira" amasonyeza competences ana onse kutenga makhalidwe nkhani zaumwini. Poyerekezera ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana za maphunziro amakono apeza angapo ntchito ndi competences competencies. Pankhani ya mwana ayenera kuganizira ndi kukhala chilakolako chake kuphunzira ndiponso tione zinthu zenizeni dziko. Iwo multidimensional, monga magulu onse a makhalidwe amene ayenera anayamba mwana. yamtunduwu Maphunziro amathandiza ophunzira kuphunzira nkhani zina sukulu, kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso ichi mu ntchito m'tsogolo akatswiri. Mwachitsanzo, pakumva pa maphunziro anga kusukuluyi yamtunduwu wa nzika, kuti ntchito chibwenzi chake adzatha pambuyo uthenga ulalikidwa kwa. Kodi m'gulu kapangidwe ka chiphunzitso cha mawu? Woyamba dzina zosinthika ufumu (cholinga, obschepredmetnaya, kiyi). Ananenanso ndi zinthu zimene yamtunduwu adzakhala kutumikiridwa. Pamafunika nkhani lathu chikhalidwe ndi zothandiza, phindu lina anthu a. Zosintha adzakhala akuchita kulamulira ndi kuwunika ntchito, umalimbana kudziwa mlingo wa yamtunduwu mwanayo ngati zizindikiro. akonzedwa Izi makhalidwe imaonekera mu malamulo onse, methodical ndi maphunziro mabuku, komanso zipangizo mayeso.

Pomaliza

Pali utsogoleri wolowezana wa competencies maphunziro. The zili maphunziro lagawidwa metasubject, intersubject, cholinga. Metasubject lililonse aliyense madambwe, koma yamtunduwu substantive waima chilango. Nthaŵi iliyonse siteji ya maphunziro zigwire Mabaibulo awo zofunika, kutenga nkhani za maganizo ndi zaka peculiarities wa ophunzira. General yamtunduwu chikhalidwe amagwirizana ndi peculiarities dziko ndi chikhalidwe chonse, maziko zauzimu ndiponso makhalidwe a moyo wa anthu. Limafotokoza ndizosowa banja, chikhalidwe, miyambo chikhalidwe ndi miyambo monga mtundu osiyana ndi anthu onse. Iwo yamtunduwu izi amagwirizana ndi malongosoledwe a kulambira pa anthu, mapangidwe wauzimu wa anthu. The katswiri wa yamtunduwu izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa zomveka za nthawi munthu free, powasamalira kuphunzira cholowa chikhalidwe cha m'dera lawo, dera. Kuti tigwiritse ntchito achinyamata anapanga ambiri chikhalidwe yamtunduwu, maphunziro apadera pa maphunziro mchigawo kuyamba pa siteji koyamba maphunziro. Amanena pulogalamu m'gulu nkhani zokhudza mwambo wa banja lanu, maziko a chipembedzo. Kuti maphunziro kusukulu, koleji, yunivesite, inali yabwino malo ena, m'pofunika kupanga ambiri chikhalidwe zanchito.