Kapangidwe ndi gulu la ndere. A zosiyanasiyana ndere, "Kukushkin fulakesi" Moss "Phoenix"

The woyamba kubwera ku dziko, amene kukula pa nthawi ino, ndi ndendende ndere. Biology ali ndi malo osiyana phunziro la gulu - bryology. Asayansi amati moyo unachokera mu madzi. M'kupita kwa nthawi, algae kuti makhalidwe amene anawathandiza kupulumuka zinthu chilala. kusanduka Komanso inachititsa kuti zikamera wa lapadziko n'ngopatsirana zomera.

Khalidwe mbali structural

Kufalitsa Moss ndi zomera apamwamba. Iwo amaoneka mbewu zimakhala choyamba - gulu la maselo apadera. Ichi ndi zazikulu ndi minofu photosynthesis. Popeza conductive ndi makina minofu kwina, ndere umaimira thupi Thallus ngati algae. Komabe, lili ndi dongosolo leafy. Ntchito ubwenzi gawo lapansi ndi suction madzi ndi zakudya anagwira rhizoids. Mizu izi yodziwika ndi kupanda minofu.

oimira chabwino cha gulu la zomera ndi Moss "Phoenix", "Kukushkin fulakesi", sphagnum marchantia.

mayendedwe amoyo

Kufalitsa Moss kwanilitse kuti zibalane asexually ndi kugonana m'njira. Choncho, kusinthana bwino mibadwo amapezeka mkombero moyo wawo - ndi kugonana (gametophyte) ndi asexual (sporophyte).

Gametophyte wa ndere ndi tsinde ang'onoang'ono ndi masamba omwe akutukuka maselo oberekera - gametes. Pa umuna ndi dzira ndi umuna. Kuti tichite zimenezi, ayenera kukhala ndi madzi. N'chifukwa chake nthawi zonse ndere kukula m'madera lonyowa nthaka. The chifukwa ndi mwana wosabadwayo kuti akufotokozera mu m'badwo asexual. Sporophyte amamera gametophyte ndi akuimira filamentary youma mwendo ndi bokosi. Mkati muli mikangano - maselo a asexual kubalana. Iwo anathira kwa bokosi, ndi utangoyamba mphukira masamba gametophyte. N'kosavuta kwa ndikuganiza kuti kayendedwe ka moyo wa ndere chimakhala chogwidwa ndi m'badwo kugonana. Popeza amakonda, mwakuti izo zimawoneka ngati wobiriwira pamphasa zofewa.

makalasi Moss

Gulu la bryophytes zachokera kusiyana mu zinthu anatomical ndi morphological ya kapangidwe ka zinthu izi.

Green Moss ndi zomera wapadera. Choncho, Moss , "Kukushkin fulakesi" akhoza kuyamwa madzi nthawi 4 kukula yake. mtundu awo Kamaoneka-bulauni, makamaka perennials. Iwo amakula mofulumira kwambiri, kuphimba yothandizira pamphasa wobiriwira wa aliyense padziko - nthaka, phula denga. The okha chikhalidwe - kukhalapo nthawi zonse chinyezi. Chifukwa popanda madzi, zamoyo izi sangathe kubereka.

Ena mwa iwo, monga Moss "Phoenix", angathe kukhala mu madzi. zomera wokongola nalo dzina lake chifukwa cha kufanana ndi mchira wa wotchuka m'nthano mbalame Phoenix. Iye ali wodzichepetsa mwamtheradi umapulumuka ngakhale madzi molimbika kuyambira mwamphamvu aliyense kuwala. Popeza kuti kunja ku America, akadakwanitsira madzi kutentha ndi sindine wotsutsa ndi ranges ku madigiri 18 kuti 30. Moss "Phoenix" ali ndi maganizo wokongola wa kasupe wobiriwira, "loyenda" ndi kukongoletsa Aquarium chikuni choyandama.

White kapena peat Moss Kawirikawiri anapeza mu zithaphwi. Woimira gulu ili sphagnum Moss. Iwo ali kapangidwe khalidwe la masamba, amene wapangidwa mitundu iwiri ya maselo. Zoyambazo ndi dongosolo lililonse ndiponso ali plastids wobiriwira chloroplasts kugwira photosynthesis. The chachiwiri zikuluzikulu akufa, momveka. Iwo inali pakati pa maselo chlorophyll. Iwo ndi kudzala zofunika. Kungolandira yambiri madzi, amatha kugwira kwa nthawi yaitali cavities kwawo, kupereka maselo amoyo, ngati n'koyenera. Kodi zikukhazikitsa sphagnum Moss, nthaka akuyamba kuwasandutsa dambo msanga.

Tanthauzo la mossy

Bryophyta, limodzi ndi magulu ena bryophytes ndi abulusa wamphamvu chinyezi. maonekedwe awo ndi mbendera kwambiri za chiyambi cha waterlogging. Pa dzanja limodzi, mnjira kwambiri amachepetsa m'dera ufulu olimapo. Pa zina - ndi chikhalidwe mapangidwe peat. Izi mchere wofunika ntchito ngati utsi, feteleza, zipangizo makampani mankhwala. Anthu ambiri a gulu la zomera ndi wokongola kwambiri zokongoletsa maonekedwe. Choncho, Moss "Phoenix" ntchito kupanga m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera. Ndere akhoza kumasula zinthu zenizeni - acid. Iwo akhoza kuwononga thanthwe lolimba, kulimbikitsa mapangidwe nthaka.