Feremu yosangalatsa - salvinia ikuyandama

Fern Salvinia akuyandama - yaying'ono, ikuyandama pamwamba pa madzi osungira chomera cholowa cha banja la Salviniev. Mitundu imeneyi ya mtundu wa Salvinia ndi yokhayo yomwe imakula m'dera la Russian Federation. Chomerachi nthawi zambiri chimalimidwa monga chomera cha aquarium.

Salvinia ikuyandama: mawonekedwe ndi maonekedwe

Ndi fern ya pachaka yokhala ndi tsinde lakuya kufika mamita khumi ndi asanu m'litali ndi kukhala ndi masamba a masamba atatu pa mfundo iliyonse. Tsinde likuyandama pamwamba pa madzi. Masamba ake awiri ndi ofunika kwambiri, ovoid-elliptical ndi ofanana ndi mtima. Zili ndi nsonga pamwamba, zomwe pamwamba pake zili ndi mthunzi wa tsitsi lalifupi. Pamunsi mwa masamba muli chivundikiro chachikulu cha tsitsi lofiirira lomwe limagwira mphepo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti salvinia isungidwe pamwamba pa madzi. Pepala lachitatu liri pansi pa madzi, limadulidwa mu filamentary lobes yophimba tsitsi ndi zofanana ndi maonekedwe akunja a mizu. Ndipotu, imangokhala ngati mizu: imamwa madzi ndi zakudya, komanso imawongolera fern.

Ulendo wa salvinia wamoyo

Pamunsi mwa masamba pansi pa madzi, pamakhala magulu anayi kapena asanu ndi atatu a mawonekedwe ozungulira. Zina mwazo zili ndi macro- ndi microsporangia, ndipo kenako zimapanga ma-gametophyte azimayi ndi abambo. Mangasporage iliyonse imakhala ndi nthata zinayi, koma imodzi yokha imakula. Kawirikawiri, ma microspores makumi asanu ndi anayi ndi anayi amapangidwa mu microsporangia imodzi.

Monga lamulo, mu kugwa, Saurus imagwa ndikumira pansi pa gombe. Kumeneko amakhala m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo pamapeto a kasupe awo amawonongeka. Sporangia ikuyandama kumadzi ndi kumera. Pambuyo pa khoma la sporangia microspores amapanga mwamuna wamphindi wa gametophyte, ndiyeno maselo awiri osabereka ndi awiri osaphatikizidwa amapangidwa kuchokera m'maselo ake awiri. Mwa izi, aliyense amapanga spermatozoa ina. Kuphuka, ntchentche imathanso kupyola mu chipolopolocho, kupanga gametophyte wamkazi. Amapanga mabungwe atatu, koma pambuyo pa umuna umodzi wokha umakula.

Malo osakaza

Salvinia ikuyandama ikuyenda mosiyanasiyana: imapezeka m'madzi a Africa, madera otentha komanso otentha a ku Asia, komanso kumadera akumwera ndi kummwera kwa Ulaya. M'dera la Russian Federation, fern amapezeka kum'mwera kwa mbali ya Ulaya, ku Far East, ku Western Siberia. Salvinia ikuyandama ikufalikira mu matupi a madzi omwe akuyenda pang'onopang'ono kapena madzi oima pang'onopang'ono, makamaka kawirikawiri amatha kuwona pamtsinje waukulu wa Russia.

Ntchito ndi tanthawuzo

Pamwamba pa matupi a madzi, fern, monga mitundu ina ya salvynia, imapanga mapulaneti akuluakulu omwe amatha kupeza kuwala kwa thupi la madzi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachititsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa malo okhalamo. Zotsatira zake, mu Salvinia zambiri zimayandama zimayesedwa ngati chovulaza. Komabe, fern iyi imathandizanso katundu: motero, mathithi ake amakhala malo abwino kwambiri othawira nsomba mwachangu.

Monga taonera kale, salvinia ikuyandama ikulima monga chomera cha aquarium. Komabe, sizingawongedwe kokha mmalo mwa nsomba, kumene nsomba zimasungidwa, komanso ngati mthunzi wabwino wa chilengedwe kwa zomera zina zomwe zimakonda kuwala.

Nkhani ya Fern

Ndi bwino kuika salvinia yoyandama m'madzi otentha kapena otentha. Kuti zikhale ndi zofunikira zedi zomera sizimasonyeza. Kwa iye , musamamwe madzi ovuta kapena acidity - m'madzi awiri ofewa komanso ovuta mbewu imakula bwino. Kutentha kwa aquarium kuyenera kukhalabe osachepera madigiri 24 Celsius. Ngati madziwa atenthedwa kufika madigiri 20 okha, kukula kwa mbeu kumachepetsako (masambawo adzakhala ochepa), koma sudzaleka konse.

Ngati aquarium yanu ili ndi salvinia yoyandama, muyenera kusintha madzi nthawi zonse. Monga zipangizo zamakono opangira tangi zimalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito phytolamps kukhala ndi mphamvu kuchokera ku Watts atatu pa lita imodzi, ndi nyali za fulorosenti. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito nyali za incandescent, onetsetsani kuti mphamvu zawo ndizochepa, mwinamwake mukhoza kuwuma.