Epistemology - ndi nthambi yofunika kwambiri nzeru

Philosophy - ndi malo nzeru, nkhani yomwe kuli kovuta kufotokoza ndendende. Mafunso imene imatchedwa pa kuyankha, ndi yosiyanasiyana ndi kudalira zinthu zambiri: zaka, chikhalidwe cha munthu woganiza makamaka. Anatinso nzeru lagawidwa nthambi zosiyanasiyana za mfundoyo, amene amaona. The zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika kwambiri ndi nzeru zaumunthu kudziwa maphunziro azachilengedwe ndi epistemology, motero, chiphunzitso cha kukhala ndi chiphunzitso cha kudziwa zinthu. Kodi mafakitale kwambiri, monga Anthropology, chikhalidwe nzeru, mbiri za anthu, chikhalidwe, aesthetics, nzeru za sayansi, komanso ena. M'nkhaniyi, ife mwatsatanetsatane gawo kuphunzira chikhalidwe cha cognition anthu.

Epistemology ndi epistemology - mawu awiri onena kuti mliriwu - chiphunzitso cha chidziwitso mu nzeru. Kupezeka kwa mawu awiri osiyana chifukwa zinthu zosatha komanso malo: German nzeru XVIII atumwi. chiphunzitso cha luso chidziwitso cha munthu wotchedwa epistemology, ndi nzeru za Anglo-American za m'ma XX. - epistemology.

Epistemology - ndi chilango nthanthi kuti amachita ndi mavuto a nzeru ya dziko, mphamvu kuphunzira ndi malire ake. nthambi izi investigates maziko a chidziwitso, maganizo akudziŵa kuti dziko lenileni, i choonadi cha kudziwa zinthu. Mosiyana ndi sayansi monga kuwerenga maganizo, epistemology - ndi sayansi chomwe chifuna kupeza ambiri, konsekonse m'munsi mwa chidziwitso. Kodi angatchedwe chidziwitso? Kodi nzeru zathu poyerekezera ndi chenicheni? Chiphunzitso chidziwitso nzeru si limatsindika payekha limagwirira maganizo limene pali chidziwitso cha dziko.

Mbiri ya epistemology kumayambira Greece wakale. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti nthawi yoyamba vuto choonadi chidziwitso nzeru Western amaika Parmenides, amene buku lake "Pa Nature" nkhani za kusiyana maganizo ndi choonadi. woganiza ina Kale, Plato ankakhulupirira kuti moyo wapachiyambi wa munthu aliyense a dziko maganizo, ndi chidziwitso chowona ndi zotheka ngati amakumbukira kuti nthawi ya moyo m'dziko lino. Wathunso vutoli, Socrates ndi Aristotle, chinkhoswe mu chitukuko cha kudziwa njira zogwirizana. Choncho, kale mu nzeru wakale ife tikupeza anzeru ambiri amene amakayikira epistemology - ndi nthambi zofunika nzeru za anthu.

Vuto la chidziwitso pamalo lalikulukulu m'mbiri a nzeru - yakale masiku ano. Funso lofunika kwambiri kukhala anafunsa epistemology - kuthekera yaikulu ya podziwa dziko. Nature wa njira yothetsera vutoli ndi muyezo mapangidwe ngati nzeru, monga chakuti n'zosatheka kum'dziŵa Mlengi, wosakhazikika, solipsism ndi chidaliro epistemological. The mfundo ziwiri kwambiri maganizo Pankhaniyi ali, motero, mtheradi ndi wathunthu incognisability odziwika bwino dziko. Mu epistemology anakhudza pa mavuto a choonadi ndi tanthauzo, umunthu, njira, mfundo ndi milingo chidziwitso.