Cholowa mbiri ya Russia: Chinese Village

Chinese Village - kuipidwa nyumba mu chinoiserie kalembedwe, yomwe ili m'malire a Alexander ndi Catherine m'mapaki pa dera la kulowa ku St. Petersburg kuti Tsarskoye Selo.

chinoiserie kalembedwe

Maonekedwe a kalembedwe uyu anali limodzi ndi katundu wa dongo Chinese ku Ulaya chiyambi cha m'ma XVIII. Kwambiri opepuka, kaso ndi ukhondo kwambiri mankhwala mwamsanga chidwi cha kalasi chapamwamba.

Posakhalitsa, kutchuka linafalikira m'magulu onse a luso Chinese. Wachifumu ndi ufumu zogona ntchito yomanga pavilions, zachifumu ndiponso milatho pang'ono motsanzira Kamangidwe chikhalidwe China. Mwatsoka, nthawi kuti zinachitikadi maphunziro angapo kwambiri zoyenera dziko ili, chifukwa kumanga okonza ankatsogoleredwa, kani, awo kukhumbira awo ndi malingaliro za mmene mukufuna zotsatira analenga awo.

Ndipo panali chinoiserie kalembedwe, omwe anakhala mbali ya Orientalism ndi Rococo, womwe poyamba Chinese Village inamangidwa.

Kufalikira mu kalembedwe Russian

Mu Russia, kalembedwe uwu monga Pasanapite otchuka pakati otchuka, kuti mu zachifumu ochepa, maofesi dziko anali chokongoletsedwa mu mwambo wa chinoiserie. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha nyumba izi tinalengedwa ndi wamanga Antonio Rinaldi - ndipo iye amene ndi lamulo la Catherine Wamkulu anali mlengi wa m'mudzi Chinese.

Chinese m'mudzi mwa Tsarskoye Selo

Uku nyumba anali lingaliro la Russian Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri, anakumana ndi chikoka mafashoni European mu kalembedwe chinoiserie. Mwina iye anauziridwa ndi ntchito yofanana mu Drottningholm, anatsimikiza kuti kulenga chinachake kuti sakhudzidwa ndi izo.

Sizikudziwika, koma pali maganizo kuti kamangidwe ka m'mudzi anapatsidwa mapulani awiri: Charles Rinaldi ndi Cameron. Zitsanzo anali zipsera anapulumutsa kamodzi ku Beijing ndi chuma payekha Mfumukazi.

Mu ndondomekoyi, m'mudzi Chinese kuti zigwirizana nyumba 18 octagonal Observatory ndi kunja zovuta ankafunikira kumanga pagoda. Poyamba, Catherine anayesa kum'tenga wamanga ili ku China, koma analephera. Pachifukwa ichi iye anauzidwa kuti penapake pagoda ndi, anakhazikitsa ming'oma Chambers mu chinoiserie kalembedwe.

Komabe, pambuyo pa imfa ya mfumukazi mu 1796, ntchito pa polojekiti anali atapanga. Wa 18, 10 chokha, Observatory anali nyumba anakonza anali zikadzachitika, ndi pagoda wakhala pa pepala.

Chinese Village pansi Alexander I

ntchitoyo adapitiriza mpaka alowererepo cha zovuta Alexander I. Mu 1818 iye anakopa Vasily Stasov kutembenuka m'mudzi oyenera mtundu wa malawi. Chifukwa cha - gawo lalikulu la ulemerero kum'mawa anawonongedwa, koma tsopano zovuta umafuna malawi zosiyanasiyana alendo odziwika.

Nyumba anali anagwirizana Stasov pakati pa iwo ndi yosatha Observatory anamaliza mzikiti ozungulira.

Nyumba iliyonse m'mudzi Chinese anali atazunguliridwa ndi munda payekha ndi chokonzedwa mkati. Mu imodzi ya nyumba izi pasanathe zaka zitatu wa Nikolai Karamzin anakhala pamene analemba "History ya boma Russian."

Komanso pa sukulu pali Chinese Theatre, amene anapereka zolengedwa zake zatsopano Giovanni Paisiello. Komabe, mu 1941 nyumba unawotchedwa, ndi kubwezeretsa ntchito sizinachitike kutali.

modernity

Mu ulamuliro wa German wa m'mudzi wakhala akumenya mwamphamvu, ndi kuchira anapita patsogolo ngati monyinyirika. Mu 60s ndi zovuta anatembenuzidwa m'kanyumba limodzi, kenako lidzasinthidwa m'munsi alendo. Only mu 1996 tinayamba zikuluzikulu ntchito yobwezeretsa kuyamika ena a kampani Chidanishi posinthanitsa ndi ufulu kutenga nawo nyumba kwa zaka 50.

Pakali pano, mudzi kwathunthu limzake. Iwo ali onse mlendo ndi nyumba zogona, koma ulendo lilipo yekha kutsogolo view cha zovuta kwa msewu. Moyo m'mudzi Chinese kwa layman yosavuta ndi zosatheka, T. Kwa. M'gawo lake pa nthawi mseri kuphatikizapo chuma patokha State wina, ndi nyumba lendi ndi alendo.

Kukhulupirira kuti gawo la cholowa mbiri ya Russia chatsekedwa kwa anthu ake, koma mpaka pamenepo, mpaka iyo nkutha nthawi chinanena (ndipo mwina patapita), mfundo imeneyi sizidzasintha.