Chirasha Turkey Nkhondo ya 1877-1878 (mwachidule): zimayambitsa, zochitika zazikulu, zotsatira

m'nthawi ambiri akukhulupirira kuti kale, mbiri yakale kuwaŵerenga chochitika monga Chirasha Turkey nkhondo ya 1877-1878. Mwachidule, koma pazipita zilipo kukambirana nkhani imeneyi m'mbiri ya Russia. Ndipotu, monga nkhondo, Mulimonsemo, kusiya kufufuza mbiri ya boma.

Yesetsani kumvetsa chochitika, monga Chirasha Turkey nkhondo 1877-1878g., Mwachidule, koma odziwika. Choyamba, owerenga wamba.

Chirasha Turkey Nkhondo ya 1877-1878 (mwachidule)

Otsutsa yaikulu ya nkhondo anali Russian ndi Ottoman.

Mu zinthu zina zofunika zinachitika pa izo. Chirasha Turkey Nkhondo ya 1877-1878 (mwachidule anafotokoza m'nkhani ino) wasiya osapezekanso malo mu mbiri ya pafupifupi onse a maiko nawo.

Pa madoko mbali (zovomerezeka mbiri ya dzina la Ottoman) anali Abkhazian, Dagestan ndi Chechen opanduka, komanso Polish Legiyo.

Russia, nawonso, anathandiza Balkans.

Zimayambitsa Chirasha Turkey Nkhondo

Choyamba, tiyenera kufotokoza zimene zimayambitsa yaikulu ya Chirasha Turkey nkhondo 1877-1878 (mwachidule).

Chifukwa chachikulu nkhondoyo kuwonjezeka kwambiri chikumbumtima dziko m'mayiko ena Balkan.

Mtundu uwu wa maganizo onse anali a April kugalukira ku Bulgaria. Nkhanza ndi nkhanza, amene anali kuletsedwa chifukwa cha kupanduka Chibugariya, anthu ena a ku Ulaya (makamaka Russian Ufumu) kusonyeza kuti Akristu amene ali pa dera la Turkey, chisoni.

Chifukwa china inayamba Nkhondo agonjetsedwa Chisebiya mu nkhondo Chiserebo-Chimontenegirini-Turkey, ndipo analephera Constantinople Conference.

Njira ya nkhondo

Komanso, Ine akamufunsirire kuganizira njira ya Chirasha Turkey nkhondo 1877-1878 (mwachidule).

April 24, 1877 ndi Russian Ufumu mwalamulo kulengeza nkhondo pa Porte. Pambuyo Bishop Paulo Chisinau perete pa utumiki pemphero mfumu kuwerenga Ndondomeko ya Alexander II, amene analankhula za chiyambi cha ntchito asilikali kuukira ufumu wa Ottoman.

Kuti mupewe phukusi la limati European, nkhondo kunayenera kuchititsa "mwamphamvu" - mu kampani imodzi.

Mu May chaka chomwecho wa asilikali a Russian Ufumu kuyamba m'dziko la dziko Romania.

Romania asilikali, nayenso anayamba kutenga nawo mbali pa mikangano yotere kumbali ya Russia ndi ogwirizana ake, miyezi itatu yokha zitachitika.

Pa bungwe ndi kukhala okonzekera wa asilikali Russian kwambiri inagunda kusintha asilikali ikuchitika nthawi ya Mfumu Alexander II.

Kapangidwe ka asilikali Russian unali ndi anthu pafupifupi 700 zikwi. Pa Ottoman ndi tanthauzo la lamulo la anthu 281 sauzande. Ngakhale ndithu n'zosangalatsa kumva ukulu wa Russian, mwayi yofunika kwambiri Turkey ndi kukhala ndi ndi kuikamo asilikali ndi zida zamakono.

Dziwani kuti Ufumu Russian anafuna nthawi zina nkhondo mu dzikolo. chakuti Nyanja Black zinali pansi pa ulamuliro wa Turkey, Russia anatilola kumanga zombo zawo m'nyanja yekha mu 1871. Sizachilendo ngati kochepa kunali kosatheka adzautsa zombo amphamvu.

Mikanganoyi zida kunachitidwa mbali ziwiri: mwa Asia ndi Ulaya.

European zamasewero ku nkhondo

Monga ife tatchulazi, ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo, asilikali Russian anaphunzitsidwa ku Romania. Ankachita zimenezi pofuna kuthetsa Danube zombo Ufumu wa Ottoman, omwe ankalamulira ulendo wa Danube.

Turkey mtsinje flotilla sanathe kutsutsa zimene oyendetsa mdani ndipo posachedwapa Dnieper anali ndinayamba asilikali Russian. Zinali sitepe yoyamba kwambiri malangizo a Constantinople.

Chotsatira popititsa patsogolo asilikali Russian anali kuzinga Pleven, amene anayamba July 20, 1877.

Ngakhale kuti Turkey anatha mwachidule am'manga asilikali Russian ndi kupeza nthawi kuti kulimbikitsa Istanbul ndi Edirne, kuti asinthe nkhondo, koma sadakhoza. Chifukwa cha zochita inept wa mkulu wa asilikali yemwe Ottoman, Pleven December 10 anagonja.

Zitachitika izi, alipo Russian asilikali omwe analipo nthawi imeneyo asilikali za 314 zikwi, wokonzeka kuti adzathe tiponye.

Pa nthawi yomweyo motsutsa Porte tikupitiriza Nkhondo Serbia.

23 December 1877 anaukira wa Balkans zimapangitsa Russian kumuwombera, amene pa nthawiyo molamulidwa ndi General Gurko Romeyko-kudzera amene anali kulamulidwa ndi Sofia.

December 27-28, panali nkhondo pa Sheinovo, omwe anali nawo asilikali a gulu Kumwera. Zotsatira zake za nkhondo imeneyi inali lazungulira ndi chiwonongeko cha 30 zikwi Turkey asilikali.

January 8 mphamvu ya Russian Ufumu popanda wotsutsa aliyense ndi imodzi mwa mfundo zikuluzikulu za la Turkey anatengedwa - mzinda wa Edirne.

zisudzo Asian ya nkhondo

Ntchito yaikulu ya malangizo Asian a nkhondo zinali chitetezo cha malire ake, ndi chilakolako kuswa utsogoleri wa Russian Ufumu, Turkey akufotokoza pa zisudzo Loona za nkhondo.

Magwero a kampani akuti ndi a Caucasus Abkhazian kupanduka kumene kunachitika mu May 1877.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, asilikali a Russia anasiya mzinda wa Sukhum. Ine ndiri nazo izo kumbuyo yekha mu August.

Pa kanthu pa asilikali Transcaucasus Russian anagwira citadels ambiri, nyumba midzi ya asilikali: Bayazit, Ardahan, etc.

Mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe 1877 Nkhondo anali mongoyembekezera "atapanga" chifukwa chakuti mbali zonse anali kuyembekezera reinforcements.

Popeza September, ndi Russian anayamba kumamatira machenjerero wazingidwa. Mwachitsanzo, unatengedwa ndi mzinda wa Kars wotsegulira njira kuwina Erzurum. Koma nsinga yake sizinachitike chifukwa mapeto a San Stefano Mtendere.

Mfundo za osayanjanitsika ichi, kuwonjezera Austria ndi England, anali osakhutira ndi Serbia ndi Romania. Iye akhapidziwa kuti zopereka zawo kuti nkhondoyo inali kuyamikira pa mtengo wake weniweni. Ichi chinali kubadwa kwa chiyambi chatsopano - Berlin - Congress.

The zotsatira za Chirasha Turkey nkhondo

Chomaliza kulonga n'cigwagwa Chirasha Turkey nkhondo 1877-1878 (mwachidule).

Awonjezera malire a ufumu Russian: mwapadera, mu mbali ya Bessarabia kumene adalowa, chotayikacho pa Crimea nkhondo.

Posinthanitsa ndi thandizo la Ottoman kuteteza yokha ku Caucasus Russian, England anaika asilikali ake pa chisumbu cha Cyprus mu Nyanja Mediterranean.

Chirasha Turkey nkhondo ya 1877-1878. (Mwachidule akambirana ife m'nkhani ino) zatenganso mbali yaikulu mgwirizano wa mayiko.

Iwo wafunsira kusuntha pang'onopang'ono kuchokera nkhondo pakati pa Russian Ufumu ndi UK pa chifukwa chakuti dziko anayamba kuganizira kwambiri pa zofuna zawo (mwachitsanzo Russia chidwi ndi Nyanja Black ndi England - Egypt).

Olemba mbiri ndiponso Chirasha Turkey nkhondo ya 1877-1878. Mwachidule, ambiri zimaonetsa chochitika

Ngakhale kuti nkhondo imeneyi si ankamuona ngati chochitika kwambiri mu mbiri ya boma Russian, izo zikugwira phunziro lalikulu ndithu la mbiri yakale. The ofufuza odziwika bwino, amene chopereka kwadziwika ndi ofunika kwambiri Li Rovnyakova, OV Orlik, Ft Konstantinov, EP Lviv, etc.

Iwo akhala anaphunzira biographies akazembe nawo ndi atsogoleri a asilikali, zochitika zofunika kwambiri, mwachidule Chirasha Turkey nkhondo 1877-1878, mwachidule anafotokoza mu mabuku anagonjera. Mwachibadwa, zonse izi zapita pachabe.

Economist AP Pogrebinsky ankakhulupirira kuti Chirasha Turkey Nkhondo ya 1877-1878, mwachidule ndi mofulumira kumaliza chigonjetso cha ufumu Russian ndi ogwirizana wake, yathandiza yaikulu makamaka chuma. Yofunika kwambiri imeneyi nyimbo ndi inalowa la Bessarabia.

Malinga ndi wandale Soviet Nikolai Belyaev, nkhondo asilikali sanachite, zolusa chikhalidwe cha nthandala. Mawu amenewa mogwirizana ndi wolemba ake, leni ndi wachibale ku Russian Ufumu, ndipo poyerekezera ndi doko.

Mukhozanso kunena kuti Chirasha Turkey Nkhondo ya 1877-1878, mwachidule anafotokoza m'nkhani ino, choyamba anasonyeza bwino kukonza asilikali a Alexander II, onse gulu ndi mwaukadaulo.