Chikhalidwe andale

Chiphunzitso cha "ndale chikhalidwe" anatuluka mu m'ma 18. Mawu amenewa ntchito mu ntchito Iogann Gerder (German nzeru zapamwamba, mphunzitsi). Komabe, chiphunzitso lenilenilo, limene lili kuphunzira dziko landale mwa chikhalidwe, unapangidwa patapita nthawi yaitali. Inakhalapo zaka 50-60-TH.

chikhalidwe Political imatengedwa ovuta lililonse kwa boma makamaka mafano ndi mawonekedwe a khalidwe mu dera anthu. Izi mitundu ndi zithunzi kutchula makhalidwe chifaniziro cha anthu. Amaonetsa momwe anthu kuganizira za cholinga tanthauzo la chitukuko ndale. Pa nthawi yomweyo anakonza miyambo anakhazikitsa ndi malamulo a mgwirizano pakati pa anthu, munthu ndi boma.

chikhalidwe Political ndi phindu zolimbana dongosolo, amene amatsatira anthu a. Pali dongosolo ili mu mawonekedwe a wamba ndipo analandira mwa ambiri a anthu a zolinga zazikulu ndiponso makhalidwe abwino.

Nthawi zambiri ndi mu dera ndale, ndi sotsgruppy lonse kapena anthu akuyesera kuzindikira zofuna zawo. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti ndondomeko iyi si nthawi yomweyo. Tisonyeza zimenezo mwa ubale ndi atsogoleri, elites, mphamvu ndi zina zotero.

Childs, chiŵerengero izi si mawu a chinachake nzeru kapena chachilendo. Monga mmene kumapeto, ndi chikhalidwe ndale ofala anthu, iwo amafuna malamulo wamba zosiyanasiyana khalidwe ndale.

Ziphunzitso za mphamvu makamaka katemera munthu ndi maphunziro. Kuchokera pa zithunzi izi, munthu interacts ndi boma. Choncho, kuona khola kwambiri ndi mbali sanali kusintha kwa chikhalidwe, akuwonetseredwa kalembedwe pa khalidwe la munthu anatsimikiza ndi chikhalidwe andale a munthu.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri zosankha anapangidwa, "osati mutu ndi mtima wake." Anthu samakhala kumatsutsana nthawi zambiri ndi zolinga za zochita zawo. Akutulukira zotsutsana kuti kupanga zandale, kupereka mitsutso mkati ndi chikhalidwe ndale. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ambiguity amenewa akhoza imodzi kuthandiza njira zonsezi udakali chabe nawo moyo wa mphamvu ya munthu aliyense.

KUFOTOKOZERA chikhalidwe andale malo enieni zodabwitsa, tisaiwale kuti amatha kulimbikitsa njira ya ndondomekoyi, mphamvu ya kusintha mu gawo boma komanso boma la zisudzo zinakhalira. Mwa mbali zochititsa kupirira zimene zimasonyeza malo osiyanasiyana kanthu mphamvu, ayenera utoto

1. Chizindikiritso, kuwulula zonse chokhumba anthu kumvetsa gulu osiyana ndi kudziwa njira zovomerezeka okha nawo kuteteza, mawu a dera lawo onse okhudzidwa.
2. Socialization - yokonza makhalidwe ndi luso kugwiritsa mwini yapachiweniweni awo ufulu, ndale zofuna ndi zolinga.
3. Kusakanikirana (azingokhala) kupereka magulu osiyana azikhala mwa dongosolo anaika.
4. Communication abwino mogwirizana kwa mabungwe onse ndi mabungwe a boma pa maziko a dongosolo wamba, zizindikiro, mawu ndi zina zambiri.
5. Lathu uliri chikhumbo cha munthu cha zamalankhulidwe mawu a mphamvu zodabwitsa, kumvetsa mphamvu zawo kukhazikitsa ufulu ndi kumasulika mu dongosolo ena.
6. Mankhwala (mapulogalamu), kuwalitsa kutsogoza ya malamulo ndi ziphunzitso za zithunzi liwulo ndi mmene osiyana cholinga ndi malire mapangidwe khalidwe la munthu.

Pali zitatu (abwino) a mitundu chikhalidwe ndale. Choncho Komabe, ngati iwo sanalembedwepo pa dziko lenileni. Theoretically, pali poddannicheskoj ndi chikhalidwe wa umutu ndi chikhalidwe cha mbali. Inati achinyamata, anasiyana ufulu khalidwe la mtundu wachiwiri. Pankhaniyi, mkulu wa mabishopu chikhalidwe ndale lolunjika pa mfundo dziko ndi angasonyeze mu mawonekedwe a dziko lawo m'deralo, Mafia, ziphuphu.