Chifukwa Khrushchev anapereka Crimea Ukraine? ndi zifukwa analanda dziko la Crimea kwa Ukraine chiyani?

Chifukwa Khrushchev anapereka Crimea? Funso linafunsidwa ambiri masiku ano. Mogwirizana ndi zochitika za miyezi posachedwapa ankakhulupirira panabukanso ndi mwazunguliza mu danga zambiri za nthano za Kupititsa umwini wa Crimea. Makamaka mwachangu akukokomeza nthano ya "mphatso achifumu" Nikity Hruscheva. Yankhulani iwo chokhacho (ndipo choncho wapathengo) yankho lanu anapereka chilumba ku Ukraine. Ndipo ngati mu cauldron amphamvu a USSR katundu mayiko fraternal anali yophiphiritsira, ndipo anthu chete - onse chifukwa panali ambiri, Soviet. Kwa anthu amene ali ndi chidwi mu choonadi mbiri, nthano osati ndale, cholinga chimene - ndi maganizo kulungamitsidwa chodzachita Republic yoyenda yokha ya Russian, wopereka kusanthula magwero. Tiyeni kumvetsa chifukwa Khrushchev anapereka Crimea Ukraine, ndi kaya ngati "anapereka" ndipo ngati "Mupereke" osangalatsa.

Mfundo redrawing Republican subordination m'dziko mu USSR

azambiriyakale Russia watchulidwa kulanda Crimea kwa Ukraine sikunachitekepo kuchita. Nena, Khrushchev ankakonda dziko lino ndi ntchito tsiku lokumbukira Council Pereyaslav dziko ankakonda "wakula zemelku". Ndipotu kuchita kulanda dziko la ku RFSSR Chiyukireniya anali Zoonadi maganizo. Chiweruzo malinga ndi zolinga mwangwiro zachuma, chuma. Ndipo ngati kutengerapo anali yekha. Choncho, mu 1924, chigawo cha chigawo Donetsk Taganrog anaperekedwa kwa Russia. Iye anadzakhala chigawo cha dera Rostov. Koma ambiri a anthu a m'boma la, makamaka amene ankakhala m'madera akumidzi - mitundu Ukrainians. Koma ku chilumba wathu. Chifukwa Khrushchev anapereka Crimea Ukraine? Si monga chidutswa cha dziko, ndi - zonse Union thanzi achisangalalo ... Koma kaya kuti mu 1954?

Bodza 1 Khrushchev anapereka Crimea kwa Ukraine

Cha mma 1990, pambuyo kugwa Soviet Union, panali nkhani za izo. Ena andale Russian ndatambasula "m'phiri" Crimea nkhani. Iwo anapeza mpongozi wa Khrushchev, Alekseya Adzhubeya, ndipo anamulamula, mtolankhani akatswiri nkhani zochokera takumbukira munthu zochitika. Iye anakwaniritsa dongosolo. Koma nkhani lotchedwa "N'chifukwa chiyani Khrushchev anapereka Crimea Ukraine. Chokumbukira pa nkhani anapatsidwa "anali ndi disservice kuti technologists andale. Malinga ndi mtolankhani, mu 1954, udindo wa mpongozi wake ufumu Soviet anali Kusakhazikika kwambiri. Ndithudi, iye anali Mlembi Choyamba wa CPSU Committee Central, koma dziko akadali akuthamanga ndi Stalinist "hawks" - Malenkov, Molotov, Kaganovich, Voroshilov, Bulganin. Kuchita zinthu zikuluzikulu, ndipo ngakhale iwo amene kungachititse kuti atamunamizira chisoni ing'onoing'ono dziko kuti kutionongera "m'bale chachikulu", zingakhale gawo la Khrushchev ndi yaifupi woona kwambiri.

Nthano 2: Khrushchev mphatso Crimea kwa Ukraine

Timayesetsa kubereka zochitika za nthawi imeneyo. Crimea, monga kale lina pansi pa ulamuliro wa Nazi dziko, kuonongeka kwambiri panthawi ya nkhondo. Koma choopsa kwambiri anali zomvetsa anthu. Chiwerengero cha chilumba unasemedwa ndi theka, ndipo mu 1944 anali anthu 780.000. M'malo kuthetsa vuto ndi anthu ogwira ntchito, utsogoleri Union anayamba "zapachiweniweni." Zikwi makumi asanu Germany okhala pa chilumbachi kuyambira nthawi ya Catherine Wachiwiri anali anathamangitsidwa mu masiku oyambirira a nkhondo. Ndipo pakutha pa mapeto ao anali mobwerezabwereza 250 zikwi Crimea Chitata, amene anali kunenedwa "pothandiza ankhondowo." Pamodzi ndi iwo amene anatengedwa ukapolo ndi mitundu Bulgarians, Agiriki Armenia ndi Czechs. Chifukwa cha malamulo wosadziŵa a zachuma chilumba anagwa kwathunthu. Kulera izo osachepera msinkhu wa kanjedza chisanadze nkhondo, boma analangiza akuluakulu kupereka Chiyukireniya SSR Peninsula madzi ndi mphamvu zogwirira ntchito. Ndipotu, pali tilibe kwambiri.

Bodza 3: Ukrainians anabwera gotovenkoe onse

Boma Soviet waganiza lembani m'mphepete m'chipululu cha anthu obwera Russian amene anawabweretsa makamaka kumpoto. Ambiri a iwo akukhala m'nyumba za Chitata anathamangitsidwa m'dzikomo ndipo "tinatengera 'dziko lawo lonse banja. Only pano wamba wa Volga ndi Arkhangelsk m'mphepete mpesa, fodya, mbewu zofunika mafuta aona kwa nthawi yoyamba mu moyo wanga. A mbatata ndi kabichi zoipa anakwera mu nyengo louma la Crimea. Chifukwa cha khumi "kuchepetsa" chuma cha chilumba sichinasinthe kwa bwino. Kwathunthu mbisoweka nthambi izi ulimi monga nkhosa. Mpesa kakwamba anakana peresenti makumi asanu ndi zokolola za m'minda anali ngakhale poyerekeza kuti mitengo zakutchire. Ndicho chifukwa Khrushchev anapereka Crimea Ukraine - alimi ku USSR anali amakonda kukula zipatso kum'mwera ndi masamba, ndi nyengo ya Kherson ndi Odessa dera si wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera steppes kapena chigawo Dzhankoy Simferopol.

prehistory

Koma Khrushchev zinathandiza kwambiri chakuti mu 1954 panali mwambo kwambiri - kujowina a Crimea kwa Ukraine. Khrushchev anadza kwa chilumba kwa chaka theka zisanachitike, lotengeka ndi lingaliro kudzala m'mayiko chimanga la Soviet Union. Iye anali limodzi mpongozi, Aleksey Adzhubey. Iye anati: "Nikita Sergeyevich anali atazunguliridwa ndi khamu la alimi. Pamene msonkhano analidi munthu malonda, koma umboni, anangocheza wosapita m'mbali. Alimi anadandaula kuti mbatata musati kukula pano, kabichi wilts zinthu kuwapirira. "Tinali kubera" - ambiri anamva kwa khamulo. Tsiku lomwelo, Khrushchev anapita ku Kiev. Pa msonkhanowo, Mariinsky yachifumu, analimbikitsa Chiyukireniya utsogoleri kuthandiza mavuto alionse a pachilumbachi. "Pali ayenera Southerners okonda minda, chimanga, ndi mbatata 'sachita, - anati".

Bodza 4: The upathengo "mphatso"

Olemba mbiri ena oipa amanena kuti kulanda Crimea Ukraine, Khrushchev anali chabe mphatso pa nthawi ya chikumbutso 300th wa Pereyaslav Rada. Ndipo chifukwa khalidwe limeneli wa kupatuka pa Russian chilumba cha dziko ndi wapathengo. Choncho, pano Crimea ndi inalowa kwa Russia - kukonzanso chilungamo m'mbiri. Koma kodi? Tiyeni titsatire zochitika. Mu September 1953, iye akupita ku plenum wa CPSU. Nkhani yaikulu - boma la ulimi. Mutu wa Presidium m'Komiti ya Central ndi wapampando wa Bungwe la nduna panthawiyo anali G. M. Malenkov. Ndi pa msonkhano umenewu anaganiza kusamutsa Chiyukireniya chilumba kuyambira Crimea chuma ndi zina anali kale mokwanira Integrated mu Ukraine. masabata asanu ndi limodzi, kumapeto October 1953, kusankha Committee ku Central anayankha komiti dera Crimea. Iye anabwera ndi yoyenera "kanthu m'munsi." Kwa yozizira ya 1953-1954. imachitika tima maganizo ntchito. Monga mu Soviet Union anachita kanthu popanda mwachidule maganizo m'munsi, anaganiza lifanane ndi kulanda pachilumbachi ndi mlongo Republic kuti chikumbutso wina wa anthu Chiyukireniya kugwirizanitsa ndi Russia. Atayendetsa "Crimea nkhani" pa nthawi yonse malamulo, February 19, 1954 anabwera mwambo wotchuka. The Presidium wa USSR Council Supreme anagwirizana anatengera lamulo pa malo kutengerapo ku Russian kuti mayiko Chiyukireniya Union. Pomaliza, zimenezi zinali zotsimikizirika mu April 1954. Choncho allegation kuti Khrushchev anapereka Crimea kwa Ukraine, ndi kungotengeka ndi mbiri pachithunzichi.

Mmene kutengerapo

M'chaka cha 1954 anabwera kwa chilumba m'dziko Ukraine - Kiev, Chernigov ndi madera kum'mwera. Zotsatira kuonekera kwa zaka zisanu zapitazo. njira lililonse madzi Dnieper inamangidwa. Izi dongosolo ulimi wothirira ndi kutenga ulimi chilumba bwino. Chiyukireniya SSR, anakhala pa dziko yaitali trolleybus mzere, amanga imawonongeka nkhondo Sevastopol, kukweza chuma cha steppe Crimea. Izi anazindikira ndi manyuzipepala Soviet a nthawi imeneyo - tangoyang'anani kudzera filings akale. Choncho funso lokhudza chifukwa Khrushchev anapereka Crimea kwa Ukraine, ndi mwangwiro ndale. History akuyankha izo pang'ono mosiyana TV makono.