French njuchi: mwachidule mbiri ya ufumu wa atsamunda

France ndi limodzi mwa mayiko woyamba kufufuza mwakhama ndi yolowera maiko atsopano. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ena amene ankawalamulira French zilipodi lero, ngakhale zedi laling'ono kwambiri.

M'zaka za m'ma 16. boma French pa ndime ndi Portugal ndi Spain, kuyambira akonzekeretse kukaona ku anapeza ndi kulamulira kwa mayiko osadziwika. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nthawi ya maufumu atsamunda akhoza kugawidwa mu magawo awiri.

French madera 16-19 m'zaka

Choyamba ndi Dziwani kuti mbali yaikulu ya North America pa nthawi unagawidwa madera payekha a England ndi France. Ndi 1713, a ufumu atsamunda anafika kukula kwake pazipita. Canada, Louisiana, Quebec - madera onse amene French.

Mbiri ya chitukuko cha madera atsopano ndi chidwi kwambiri. Ina North America ankatchedwa "New France", poyamba kunali koyenera kukhala ndi boma yotheka apa.

Pa Dera la njuchi kunadetsa ambiri a ansembe achikatolika, amene osati ankasunga French anafika kuno, komanso mwachangu zimafalitsidwa Chikhristu amwenye. Kale bishopu anakhazikitsidwa mu 1674 ku Quebec, lotsogoledwa ndi Fransua De Laval Episkopi. Mwa njira, iye analengedwa mu 1663 seminare, amene wakhala kutsogolera weniweni chitukuko cha dongosolo maphunziro. Patapita zaka zingapo sukulu anakhala Université Laval, amene anakhala bungwe loyamba maphunziro apamwamba a ku Western lapansi.

Komabe, New France lagged utsalira mu chitukuko cha madera a Chingerezi. Sukuluzo kunalibe ana Choncho, anthu sanali kokha osaphunzira komanso zikhulupiriro kwabasi. Kusiyana olemekezeka ndi anthu wamba chabe kuchuluka. Pa gawo la madera sanali kugwira ntchito, kapena maloya kapena ofufuza za. Panalinso njira yachibadwa, yolumikiza madera osiyana a pamudzipo.

Kumayambiriro a zaka za m'ma 18 njuchi French zinali zazikulu:

• chigawo chakumwera cha Quebec lero (by njira, anthu a chigawo ichi mu Canada, ndipo lero wadzikwaniritsa mbali ya boma French, ngakhale pano zilankhulo ziwiri nduna);
• m'dera pafupi Hudson Bay;
• Louisiana (m'dera la dera lino umachokera ku Wamkulu Lakes ku New Orleans);
• Dziko Latsopano;
• Acadia.

Mwatsoka, chifukwa cha zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri nkhondo France anataya ambiri a anthu ochokera ku America. Mu 1762 yosainidwa Pangano la Paris imene ufumu wa atsamunda kupereka chuma chawo mu Ohio Valley, pa kum'mawa gombe la Mississippi, ndi zigawo Canada la Nova Scotia. Pansi akuluakulu French anakhalabe ku New Orleans.

Ndipo kale mu 1803 pakati pa United States ndi zikalata boma French zogulitsa cha Louisiana anali anasaina. Tsopano France nayenso kuugwira ake pa New Orleans - ndi njira mzinda wofunika.

Chinthu chinanso chomvetsa ufumuwo boma la atsamunda wavutika m'zaka za m'ma 19. Panthawiyo, France imachitikanso mzinda wa Santo Domingo, ndilo gawo Chilumba cha Haiti. Kuyambira 1791 mpaka zaka 1803. Zinatha kugalukira akapolo African. Mwa njira, lero ndi mbiri kokhaku kwa kapolo kupanduka kuti inatha ndi kupambana kwawo. M'zaka za m'ma 19 alionse komabe ufulu wodzilamulira, ndi Santo Domingo anakhala mabwalo woyamba kutsogoleredwa ndi akuda.

Modern madera French

Mosakayikira, ndi zaka zingapo zapitazo, France unachitikira m'madera yaikulu padziko lonse. boma anali ndi chidwi osati m'madera ambiri, komanso zilumba zazing'ono, komanso m'madera amenewa wa dziko ali pafupifupi zosafunika moyo. Mwachitsanzo, kamodzi a France zilumba yaing'ono ya Arctic ndi Antarctica.

Koma lero unakhalabe chidutswa ka kamodzi lalikulu atsamunda ufumu. French kunja amu zili French Guiana, pa zilumba za Martinique ndi Guadeloupe ndi Reunion.