Prince Ivan Dolgoruky: mabuku a mbiri yakale

Overcast yophukira m'mawa, November 19, 1739 mu apakati a Novgorod kunali khamu yaikulu. Anaona kuti adziwitse ─ ndi scaffold anali ndi wina kuposa ankakonda wakale wa Mfumu Peter II wa, kamodzi wamphamvu zonse Prince Ivan Dolgoruky. Mu ulamuliro Anny Ioannovny anthu Russian ndi anazolowera Kuphedwa kwa wamagazi, koma ichi ndi chitsanzo chapadera ─ ndi courtier manyazi ankayembekezera quartering.

Ana chobwezera Prince

Prince Ivan Alekseevich Dolgoruky anali mbadwa ya banja akale mfulu, ali mmodzi wa nthambi zambiri za Akalonga Obolensky. dzina lake, iye ndi banja lake ngongole kholo lawo wamba ─ Prince Ivan Andreyevich Obolensky, chinapezeka m'zaka XV kubwezera awo lolankhulalankhula dzina la Dolgoruky.

Oimira banja ili ndi amatchulidwa mu mbiri yakale komanso miyambo ya zaka zapitazi. Makamaka, mphekesera otchuka anapitiriza zalembedwa si anatsimikizira ndi nkhani ya mmodzi wa akazi ambiri Ivana Groznogo ─ Maria Dolgoruky.

Chenicheni cha ukwati ndi chipeneko akuluakulu monga kwa nthawi kukoma mfumu kanayi m'banja, kuposa titatopa kwambiri ndipo ngakhale kuposa malire, tiyenera kuiwala za hayala wa mpingo.

Mwina, mu nkhani iyi tikulankhula yekha za concubinage lotsatira, mogwirizana ndi mores Ivana Groznogo. Maria Dolgoruky, malinga ndi ofufuza za, ambiri wongopeka osati weniweni.

Youth, unachitikira ku Warsaw

Ivan Dolgoruky - mwana wamkulu wa Prince Alekseya Grigorevicha Dolgorukogo - anabadwa mu 1708 mu Warsaw ndipo anakhala ubwana wake ndi agogo ake makolo a Gregory Fedorovich. maphunziro ake anapatsidwa odziwika bwino pa wolemba kuti nthawi ndi mphunzitsi chiyambi German Henry Fiku.

Komabe, ngakhale akuyesetsa kuti kuphunzitsa mnyamata ndi mlingo wa stiffness woyenera chiyambi chake, iye makamaka sanathe bwino. Ivan amakonda anali osasamala ndi otayirira makhalidwe amene anapambana ndiye pa bwalo la Polish Mfumu August II, limene nthawi zonse zimayenda. Mu 1723, Ivanov kanali koyamba mu Russia. Pansipa pali chithunzi cha iye.

Kuzolowerana ndi mfumu ya m'tsogolo

Ngati inu mukukhulupirira malipoti a m'nthawi za chikhalidwe cha Prince Ivan Dolgoruky, khamu la ogwira naye zaka ndi modabwitsa ubwino wa mtima ndi luso apeze anthu. Khalidwe otsiriza sanathe owala akuwonetseredwa mu zochita zake ndi mdzukulu wa Peter Ine Grand Duke Petrom Alekseevichem, ndiye anakwera wachifumu Russian pansi pa dzina la Peter II. chithunzi chake anapereka m'munsimu.

Ngakhale kusiyana mu m'badwo ─ Ivan Dolgoruky zaka seveni wamkulu kuposa Grand Duke, - pakati pa masiku oyamba a womdziwa anakantha pamwamba pa ubwenzi. Posapita limodzi awiri mu zochitika zonse kumwa, kumwa mwauchidakwa ndi chikondi.

Chiyambi cha pantchito yabwino

Mu 1725, pambuyo pa imfa ya Peter Ine ndi wa inalowa mkazi wake, Catherine Ine, Prince Dolgoruky analandira udindo wa kuwina bwalo-mphoto cadet pa mnzake. Koma kuwuka chenicheni cha ntchito yake Kenako patapita zaka ziwiri, pamene Grand Duke Peter A. wotanganidwa wopanda atamwalira Catherine Ine mpando wachifumu ndi anavekedwa monga Mfumu Peter II.

Ngakhale mu ulamuliro wa Catherine Ine kuyesetsa pa bwalo la chikoka cha Prince Ivan Dolgoruky ankaganizira kwambiri za ndiwotani wakale Peter Ine A. D. Menshikov, amene anali ndi nthawi kuti wopalidwa ubwenzi mwana wake Mariya mfumu wamng'ono. Komabe, iwo ankafuna kuti amuchotsere mdani ku likulu analephera.

Komanso Peter Spinnin mu kuvina kopitirira zisangalalo, nthawi zambiri anakonza m'dziko lake kukongola-azakhali Elizabeth (tsogolo Mfumukazi) ndi madona wokongola, Prince Ivan ali bwenzi lake kuiwala za woyikidwa Menshikov mkwatibwi. Pankhaniyi, ndi mochenjera kwambiri wopalidwa ubwenzi iye mlongo wake Catherine.

Ndiwotani wamng'ono chuma

Mu 1728, A. D. Menshikov, anthu a khoti zokhota, anagwera mu chamanyazi, ndipo banja lonse anagwidwa ukapolo yoyamba Rannenburg, ndiyeno ngakhale zina ─ kakang'ono Siberia tawuni Beryozovo, kumene posachedwa anafa. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, malo ake pa mpando wachifumu mwamphamvu anatenga Dolgoruky banja, amakonda chikoka malire pa mfumu chifukwa malo ake Ivan, komanso kuyembekezera tsogolo ukwati.

Chaka chomwecho, bwalo lonse, kusiya likulu latsopano, anasamukira ku Moscow, ndi izo apo ndipo anasamukira Dolgoruky. Achinyamata Prince Ivan, kukhala ankakonda Mfumu, ndi kupereka zonse kukondela akanakhalapo. Mu makumi ake oyambirira anakhala General wa oyenda, mkulu Chamberlain ya mfumu Court, Major Moyo alonda Regiment, ndi Knight kwa awiri mphoto apamwamba boma.

The zinthu zatsopano za khalidwe la kalonga

Kuti mudziwe mmene kusintha nthawi ili, khalidwe Ivana Dolgorukogo, akhoza adzaweruzidwa zochokera Maulendo a Spanish wokhala pa bwalo la Peter II, Duc de A Liria. Iye, makamaka, ananena kuti mbali yaikulu ya kalonga pa nthawi imeneyo anayamba kudzikuza ndi kudzikuza, amene sitili pa maphunziro, nzeru ndi kuzindikira anapanga naye nthawi zambiri zosasangalatsa kwambiri.

Komabe, Duke ananena kuti ngakhale pali zambiri anasonyeza zizindikiro za mtima. Zizoloŵezi chachikulu cha Prince amasonkhanitsa chikondi cha vinyo ndi akazi. Tikumbukenso kuti nthumwi akufotokoza osati maganizo ake, komanso malinga ndi mfundo kudziwika kwa iye za chikhalidwe cha chi Prince Ivan Dolgoruky.

Pamene bambo ake Alexei G. anali otanganidwa akukangana ndi intrigue kugwirizana ndi adziwitse chitomero mwana Catherine ndi mfumu wamng'ono, Ivan ankachita kumwa anali osadziletsa. Iye anatembenuka kotero ambiri kuti malongosoledwe a outrages anachita ndi iwo anaona kuti ndi bwino kukhala panja mu zolemba zake "Pa Corruption kwa makhalidwe Russia," odziwika bwino mbiri ndi publicist Elizabethan nyengo Prince Shcherbatov.

mavuto m'banja

Komabe, lingaliro la kufunika khazikikani itafika, ndi matsire mutu wake. Chatsopano Playboy anaganiza kuyamba ndi banja ndipo sanapereke kwa aliyense, ndipo ambiri Mfumukazi Elizabeth mwana wamkazi wa ─ mochedwa zaka zitatu zapitazo, Mfumu Petra Velikogo (chithunzi chake chili m'munsimu). Young kukongola wakhala nthawi kupereka chikondi chanu kwa anthu ambiri mwayi amene anakwanitsa kudutsa mu mtima wake, koma kulowa m'banja wosiyana (choncho zikhoza kuganiziridwa mgwirizano ndi munthu sitili kuti nyumba iliyonse kulamulira) iye sanali kupita.

Atalandira mwaulemu koma categorical kwambiri kukanidwa ndi kukumbukira nthawi yomweyo wakale mwambi kuti mbalame m'chikwere ndi bwino chitumbuwa kudzulu, Prince Ivan Dolgoruky amukopere mwana khumi wa posachedwapa wakufayo Field polimbana Werengerani B. P. Sheremeteva Natale Borisovne ─.

Popeza ukwati ndithu wosangalala ndi banja lake, ndi achibale a mkwatibwi, uthenga wa ukwati yayandikirayo. anali moni mosangalala ambiri. Pa onse Natasha wokondwa kwambiri, amene ankakonda wake Vanya mokondwera Mwaichi, ndi mtima wabwino ndi zina zimene aliyense anamutcha "munthu wachiwiri mu dziko."

nkhonya

2 Petro ndi Ivan Dolgoruky, monga mabwenzi enieni, ngakhale mu chipangizo cha moyo m'maganizo anali mbali ndi mbali. Kumapeto kwa October 1729 mfumu wamng'ono chinkhoswe Mfumukazi Ekaterina Alekseevna Dolgorukoi, ndipo patapita miyezi iwiri inasanduka ankakonda wa bwenzi boma Natalia Sheremetyevo. Komabe, tsoka Pasanapite nthawi, anawoloka zolinga zawo zonse ndi zotsatira amapha pa Russian mbiri khumi zikubwerazi.

Kumayambiriro January 1930 masiku angapo pamaso pa ukwati, mfumu wamng'ono anali kudwala kwambiri. Malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena, iye anayamba kudwala nthomba, nthawi zambiri ankabwera zaka zimenezo, Moscow, pa ─ ena anagwira ozizira pamene kusaka. mwanjira ina, koma chikhalidwe chake mofulumira sakuyenda. Court madokotala anakakamizika kuvomereza kuti palibe chiyembekezo cha kuchira, ndi kulipila masiku onse a moyo akupitiriza koloko.

chiyembekezo Last

Nkosafuna kunena kuti anakumana m'masiku amenewo akalonga Dolgoruky Ivan yekha, pambuyo pa imfa ya Peter II, ndipo sanagone nthawi kuti akwatire mlongo wake Catherine, zivute zitani anakomoka dziko la chuma, ulemu ndi kulemera komwe iwo anali amakonda. Odwala Mfumu kufunabe kuti tisataye moyo, ndi Dolgoruky lagwira yokha mnyozo kuyang'anitsitsa nsanje.

Pofuna kupulumutsa tsiku, Prince Alexei G. (bambo Ivan a) anapanga m'malo mwa chifuniro chakechake, chimene iye ankati analengeza wolowa wachifumu wa mkwatibwi wake ─ Ekaterinu Dolgorukuyu. The mawerengedwe kuti mwana wa podsunet laimu izi kusaina kufa ndi kale kutaya maganizo ake mfumu, ndiye mwana wake wamkazi adzakhala mfumukazi mavuto onse mabanja awo amapindula.

Kugwa zolinga zonse

Komabe, mawerengedwe sichinatheke. Pezani siginecha weniweni wa womwalirayo pa January 19, Peter II analephera 1730, ndipo mu chifuniro chake kale walemba kale ankakonda Ivan Dolgoruky, kwambiri mochenjera amadziwa kutengera dzanja la mbuye wake. Komabe, tsenga zakhala kumlingo sewn ndi ulusi woyera kuti aliyense sakanakhoza wonyenga. Tsiku lotsatira, Council boma anali atasonkhana, osankhidwa a ufumu, Duchess wa Courland Annu Ioannovnu, mwana wamkazi akubwera abale ndi co-mkulu wa Peter Ine, Ivan V.

Ndi inalowa Anny Ioannovny (chithunzi lake limaoneka pamwamba) banja Dolgoroukys kugunda kuzunzidwa. Ambiri mwa nthumwi zake anatumizidwa kwa akazembe mu mipando lakutali akuzigawo ndi mutu wa banja ndi ana ukapolo m'mudzimo. Pre-iwo ndi mafunso okhudza akalola, mu kudalirika kwa palibe aliyense amene adakhulupirira, koma pa nthawi ya vuto kukanidwa.

aonongeka ukwati

anzawo Old, posachedwapa mwamantha iwo tsopano shied kutali ndi banja beleaguered monga zachumlonnyh. Munthu yekhayo amene anakhalabe okhulupirika, anali mkwatibwi wa Ivan Natalia Sheremetyev, amene sanafune kusiya mu kamphindi zovuta wokondedwa ndipo ndiyembekezera ukwati. Kuti chisangalalo chachikulu, iye unachitikira oyambirira April chaka chomwecho mu Gorenko ─ wakunja kwatawuni munda Dolgoruky, ankakonda kukacheza ndi mochedwa mfumu Peter II.

Koma chimwemwe uyu anali sakhalitsa. masiku atatu pambuyo ukwati mu Mtumiki kumudzi anafika ku St. Petersburg ndi chidziwitso kuti banja lonse Dolgorukovy amatanthauza ukapolo okhazikika birch ndi ─ chipululu yemweyo, amene anali posachedwapa inatha masiku ake a adani awo analumbira kwa AD Menshikov.

Chifukwa, Ivan Dolgoruky ndi Natalia Sheremetyeva anakhala ukwati wawo mu ngolo vuto m'misewu ya Siberia. Anatenganso ndi abortive achifumu mkwatibwi Catherine A., kubala chipatso cha mtima mopupuluma ndi msanga kukhudzika kwa bwenzi lake.

Moyo m'ndende

Prince Ivan Dolgoruky, Peter II ankakonda, anatenga malo a ukapolo ndi, kuti athe kuona mavuto adzanyamula amene zochitika pa mavuto akuluakulu. nsanja kalonga, amene kuyambira ubwana kuti Ivan, kusintha kwa mdima ndi yatsekera khola Berezovsky ndende, kutuluka iwo kutiletsa.

Komabe, kuchezerana, Ivan Dolgoruky posakhalitsa anayamba abwenzi pakati akapitawo a asilikali m'dera ndi digirii zawo za gawo osati kumanzere m'ndende yake, koma ngakhale anayamba kuledzera, monga kamodzi mu wokondwa nthawi ya moyo wake. Kumwa mwauchidakwa ndi aliyense, ndipo pamene iye anali ataledzera zedi yochepa mtima lilime. Izi zinabweretsa iye m'mavuto.

Pokana ndi chiyambi cha kufunsitsa za

Tsiku lina mu nawo mtima, Anaona kuti aitane mboni kulumbira mawu Mfumukazi Annu Ioannovnu. Ndipo pambali, anadzitama kuti zinalimbitsa siginecha mu chifuniro cha mfumu mochedwa. Ndi m'mawa, Ivan anaiwaliratu chirichonse, koma anapeza munthu amene bwino kukumbukira mawu ake anatumiza chidzudzulo kwa St. Petersburg (chinachake chimene, monga informers mu Amayi Russia wakhala analibe).

History wateteza dzina la woipa amene amabweretsa wa. Zikuoneka kwa kalaliki Tobolsk miyambo ya chete. Ziribe kanthu momwe kuyesera alonda anzake kupherera zovuta Ivan, koma chifukwa kumene anapatsidwa. Commissioner anafika kuchokera ku likulu, yomwe imachitika pa kufunsitsa malo. Posachedwa kalonga, abale ake awiri, ndi anthu ambiri amaganiziridwa nawo za mpanduko ndi, anawatumiza ku Birch mu Tobolsk ndi m'ndende, kumene iwo anali pomwepo mafunso.

aphedwe

Ivan Dolgoruky kumuzunza, anavomereza kulakwa kwake ndipo, kuwonjezera, ali chinanena achibale ambiri inaswedwa, iye anati, kuti yokonza chifuniro wopeka. Mu January 1739 iye ndi aliyense namgwira Iye pa mlandu wa anatengedwera ku Shlisselburg kumene mafunso anapitiriza.

Tsoka la akaidi Kalanga anaganiza "Assembly General" ongokhala akazembe, ndi msonkhano kwa kulanga zigawenga ndale. Mayiko, popeza familiarized ndi zipangizo za mlanduwo, analamulira pa aliyense wa mlandu. Onsewo anaweruzidwira ku imfa. Koma zikuoneka kuti chifukwa chachikulu ─ Prince Ivan Alekseevich Dolgoruky - anali kumakhala mu 1739 m'dera lapakati a Novgorod, pamene anatengedwa pamodzi ndi akaidi ena.