Cave Shulgan-Tash - mwayi kukhudza mbiri

Mu ngodya zonse za dziko mukudziwa kuti Bashkortostan ili Reserve Shulgan-Tash. Phanga, limene lili m'gawo lake, wabweretsa malowa otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse. Tsiku lililonse kuno mukhoza tidzakakomane mozungulira 1,000 alendo. Koma chomwe chimapangitsa phanga Shulgan-Tash kotero wotchuka ndi chifukwa chake anthu ambiri akukhamukira pano anzake?

Kufotokozera phanga

Pa Bashkir Kumwera Urals pakati mapanga karst Shulgan-Tash imatengedwa yaikulu. Inakhalapo makilomita anayi kuchokera ku White Mtsinje m'dera Burzyansky. Izo akufanana ndi lalikulu archway pakhomo ndi kum'mwera kwa otsetsereka, ndi Saryuskan. Cave Shulgan-Tash ali ndi dzina lovomerezeka, lomwe limapezeka mu mabuku ambiri a sayansi. Iwo Kapova phanga. kutalika kwake ndi 260 m, ndi kutalika kwa chinthu ukufika 2640 m.

mkati ulendo phanga

phanga Izi kwenikweni mantha dongosolo la chilengedwe. phangalo lalikulu (48 mamita - mamita 18 ndipo m'lifupi - kutalika) zimatsegula njira kwa kulowera yaitali mu imene pali maholo ambiri ndi tambirimbiri. makilomita awiri kuchokera mapanga a mtsinje Shulgan, koma mwadzidzidzi kusiyiratu. chakuti mtsinje itagwa sinkhole ndipo akupitiriza njira yake mobisa. Zinali madzi eroding ake anajambulapo zaka zambiri, anapanga maholo ndi makonde. Koma madzi a mtsinje reappear mofulumira kasupe mu mphangamo kumanzere wa pakhomo.

Cave Shulgan-Tash ali mbali zitatu (ena amati zinayi). Pansi loyamba la otaya madzi. The gawo lachitatu n'zotheka kudwala kuchokera pansi choyamba kudzera bwino mu masitepe. Kuwona pansi, muyenera kupita pansi otsetsereka phompho wa gawo lachitatu.

Ulendo uliwonse pansi pali kwambiri kuona. Mwachitsanzo, wachitatu pali stalagmite yaikulu, m'lifupi mamita 8. Mu zipinda kutali kwambiri ndi hallways kuwona calcite speleothems chipale chofewa, matanthwe ndi zambiri. Koma phanga Shulgan-Tash ndi yochititsa chidwi ndi maonekedwe a mumlengalenga, makamaka pamene inu mukuganiza kuti iwo anali zotsatira za ntchito ya mtsinje waung'ono. Zipinda ambiri ankakonda alendo - chipinda chino Zojambula, Chisokonezo Hall, Daimondi holo, chizindikiro.

Age phanga

Kapova Cave (Shulgan Tash) ndi wakale zachilengedwe mapangidwe. Iwo anayamba kupanga miliyoni 3-5 zaka zapitazo. Pakhomo kuphanga imatengedwa kukhala amakono, ndi ku tiers onse atatu a pansi yapakati - amakezana. Amaganiza kuti anayamba mwachangu kukula zaka mamiliyoni atatu zapitazo. M'munsi gawo la "wamng'ono", izo anapanga 15 000 zaka zapitazo. m'badwo uno zokwanira wina nthawi phanga anali anthu anthu akale. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti zida wosazindikira zipangizo anapezeka. Zotsalira za makoswe ang'ono ngakhalenso lalikulu chimbalangondo anali atapezeka.

Odziwika mbiri

Alendo ambiri makamaka chidwi kuona zithunzi ndi zizindikiro, amene waikamo mwa anthu akale. Iwo chimakhala chogwidwa ndi zithunzi za nyama: akavalo, rhinos ndi mammoths makamaka, pali nyama zizindikiro zosadziwika, mwachizolowezi mawanga. Komanso, kuweruza ndi ena mafano, Ndizachidziwikire kuti phanga Shulgan-Tash anali kamodzi malo opatulika. zipinda zonse ndi makonde kuzindikiridwa 50 osiyanasiyana zithunzi zokongola.

zithunzi ndi m'magawo awiri - pakati ndi chapamwamba. Kuwona chithunzi choyamba, inu muyenera kuti asamukire ku khomo ndi mamita 170. Pansi awiri khoma mafunsidwe amasiyana zikuchokera, koma ambiri a iwo ili pansi otsika. Chithunzi zing'onozing'ono 6 cm, ndi yaikulu 1.6 m.

Akatswiri amene adaperekeza kafukufuku apa, amati phanga anali miyambo, ndi mwa iwo - ndi mwambo wa ndondomeko, ndicho, kusintha kwa mnyamata mwa munthu. Mwina izi ndi pamene anthu akale anakhala amphamvu weniweni kapena alenje.

atulukira amenewa anapanga malo ndi Kapova phanga la cholowa dziko. Koma poyamba awa zinthu zamtengo wapatali tabadwa kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, ndipo tsopano mu mndandanda awa anabwera Bashkiria.

Cave Shulgan-Tash akadali zosayembekezereka, osati kale litali, akatswiri anapeza wakale chigaza anthu ochepa. Izi sizikutsutsana ndi anthu ankakhulupirira kuti patsogolo anthu mutu akulemekezedwa m'manda mosiyana ndi thupi. Zimenezi izonso zikutsimikizira kuti Kapova phanga anali kamodzi malo oyera amene kuchita miyambo ndi miyambo.