Bwererani. Mitundu ya gerunds mu Russian

Chiyankhulo cha Chirasha, kupatulapo zida zodziimira ndizovomerezeka, ndizochuluka mu zotchedwa mitundu yapadera. Amaphatikizapo zizindikiro zamagerundi ndi mitundu yonse ya gerunds lonse. Ambiri a zinenero sangathebe kugwirizana pa gawo ili la mawu. Ena amanena kuti izi ndi gawo lodziimira palokha, ndipo ena - kuti liwu ndilo lalikulu kwambiri pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito gerunds kukamba za ufulu wake.

Tanthauzo

Poyambira, tiyeni tikumbukire zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tizichita bwino. Ichi ndi gawo lodziimira pachinenero kapena limatchedwanso mtundu wapadera wa verebu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuchitapo kanthu pachithunzi chachikulu. Kuyankha mafunso "Mukuchita chiyani?", "Munachita chiyani?"

Mawonekedwe ofanana omwewo alipo m'zinenero zambiri, kupatula Russian: mu Chilatini, French ndi ena, ndipo akutchedwa gerund.

Mwa chiyambi chake, gerundive ndi ya mawonekedwe osadziwika, mwa kuyankhula kwina, ku mawonekedwe apang'ono a omwe alowe nawo muzoyimira. Ndipo izo zinadza chifukwa cha kutayika kwa mawonekedwe a kuchepa kwa mgonero wosafuna.

Zochitika Zachiwiri

Mitundu yambiri yamtundu uliwonse imasokonezeka ndi verebu kapena adverb. Ndipo zonse chifukwa gawo ili la chilankhulo ndi lachiwiri.

Tiyeni tilingalire, ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi vesi ndi adverb:

Kulemba ndi "osati"

Nthawi zambiri, chiwerengero cha "osati" chimalembedwa mosiyana (chifukwa aliyense amakumbukira chidziwitso chodziwika bwino: "osati" ndi zilembo zinalembedwa padera).

Chitsanzo: osati kuwerenga, osasankha.

Koma pali, monga mukudziwira, zosiyana ndi malamulo. Kuchita nawo gawo limodzi ndi mbali zina za gawo lino lakulankhulira ndi tinthu "osati" zidzalembedwa pamodzi, ngati:

1. Vutoli limapangidwa kuchokera ku vesi zomwe sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito popanda "ayi" (mokwiya, kunyalanyaza, osadziwa);
2. Gerundive imapangidwa kuchokera ku vesi ndi chiganizo "pansi-" (nedosoliv, osati kupeza mokwanira).

Kuonjezera apo, mawu alionse ndi kulemba kwake ayenera kuyang'ana pa nkhaniyo. Chilankhulo chachrisimasi cha Russian chikhoza kupereka zozizwitsa, ngakhale ziganizo za zilembo zazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalopo komanso zosasinthika sangathe kuthandizira.

Chitsanzo: "osadya" ndi "kusowa zakudya".

Mlongoyo amapita ku yunivesite asanadye chakudya cham'mawa. - Pano mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamutu wa "sakudya lonse".

Panthawi ya nkhondo, anthu amatha kukhala osadya kwa miyezi ingapo. - Apa mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamutu wakuti "osadya, anali pafupi njala."

Udindo wamakono

Gawo lobwerera, komanso mitundu ina ya gerunds, ili ndi zotsatirazi:

• Gwiritsaninso ndi vesi-ndondomeko, pokhala zochitika.
• Musati mutenge conjugate.
• Kawirikawiri khalani ndi chiganizo cha dzina lokha, lomwe ndi dzina kapena chidziwitso chachifupi.
• Gwiritsitsani ntchito predicate, kutanthauza chinthu china chotsatira chomwe chikutsatiridwa ndi ndondomekoyi;
• N'zotheka kutengera mawonekedwe a chilankhulo.

Muzolembedwa zolembedwa pali deeprichastnye akutembenukira, zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi makasitomala.