Best Park: Ukraine. nkhokwe zonse Ukraine

Nature Ukraine opatsa kwambiri ndi zodabwitsa osiyanasiyana. Zodabwitsa kotentha nyengo ndi nthaka yachonde, komanso mitsinje yambiri ndi malo achititsa kwambiri kuti kukula ndi osiyanasiyana steppe, dambo ndi nkhalango zomera. Mwatsoka, zochita za anthu pa chitukuko cha dziko zachilengedwe zambiri kumayambitsa kutha kwa mitundu yosowa ya nyama ndi zomera. Pofuna kukhala ndi n'kotheka kuchulukitsa mitundu kawirikawiri ndi pangozi ya nyama ndi zomera, komanso kusunga malo apadera ndi kusintha zinthu chonse zachilengedwe, nkhokwe dziko zinalengedwa Ukraine.

ndi nkhokwe chiyani

The malo thumba la dziko - ali mbali ya malo achilengedwe, osachepera anakhudzidwa ndi munthu. Izo ntchito mosalekeza ndi mabuku kuwunika udindo ndi patsogolo kusintha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zikuchitika mu chikhalidwe m'madera a biosphere, amene adakali zikutsatiridwa kapena kusinthidwa pang'ono. Nkhokwe ya Ukraine ndi kudzikonda malamulo zinthu zachilengedwe, wosiyana m'chilengedwe ena, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zoipa zimakhudza anthu.

boma amasamalira malo madzi ndi mayiko a kunja madera otetezedwa, ndipo amachotsa iwo ku ntchito za chuma, ngati iwo ali mawonekedwe apamwamba a malo otetezedwa ndi mtundu wa Laboratories akutumikira kafukufuku Integrated.

Nkhokwe ku Ukraine

Pa gawo la m'mapaki ambiri mitundu ndi nkhokwe chilengedwe anapeza ambiri mitundu kuderako komanso yosowa ya mbalame, ndi tizilombo, zomera, komanso yosowa kunja ochokera ku mayiko ena, nyama. Nkhokwe ya Ukraine ndi yaikulu chilengedwe mtengo kuchokera amazionera a dziwe jini, osonyeza mwa zosiyanasiyana nyama ndi zomera, komanso malo apadera, wapadera dera limeneli.

Mu Ukraine pali anayi biosphere nkhokwe - ndi Carpathian, Danube, Black Sea ndi Askania Nova ndi 9 amati ali mabacteria osiyana chachilengedwe: Polesie ndi Rivne m'dera la nkhalango wosanganiza, Kanev, zimawononga, ndiponso Medobory - mu zone m'nkhalango steppe wa Dnieper-Orelsky , Eletskaya steppe, Luhansk, Chiyukireniya steppe, m'mapiri Carpathian - Carpathian ndi Gorgan ndi 6 nkhokwe pa dera la Crimea chilumba - Kazantip, Opuksky, Karadag, ndi Yalta phiri nkhalango, Crimea ndi Cape Marian.

nkhokwe biosphere

Nkhokwe anali ovomerezeka ndi bungwe la International Kutsata Council malinga ndi pulogalamu "Man ndi Biosphere". Chimodzi mwa zolinga yaikulu - chitetezo cha malo achilengedwe pofuna zosiyanasiyana kwachilengedwenso ndi boma zachilengedwe zinthu zachilengedwe ndi maofesi. Komanso, dera la malo a unakhazikitsidwa kuchita kafukufuku wa sayansi komanso ziyenera zachilengedwe ikuchitika chilengedwe. Pofika m'chaka cha 1994, padziko lonse panali oposa 300 biosphere nkhokwe anayi amene tsopano ali mu Ukraine.

Biosphere nkhokwe ya Ukraine zigwirizana m'madera a m'madera dziko ndi madzi, komanso lonse maofesi zachilengedwe ndi zinthu zosiyana, zomwe ndi yapadera sayansi, zachilengedwe, zokongoletsa ndi zina makhalidwe.

Kapangidwe ka nkhokwe za

Akatswiri ku United Nations apanga mfundo magawidwe kwa Biosphere nkhokwe. malo amenewa adzakhala zigwirizana mabacteria atatu: phata kapena zinthu pachimake, gawo lotetezedwa ndi mabacteria kusintha. Pachimake - ndi dziko ndi osachepera kutanganidwa topezeka. Iwo makamu kafukufuku zophunzitsira, ntchito. Phata kungakhale chinthu chimodzi, koma iwo angakhale angapo. Owazungulira ndi zone gawo lotetezedwa, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kafukufuku, ndi ecotourism. Mu zone kusintha kungakhale midzi, kuwonjezera, apo ali ololedwa yaing'ono ntchito ulimi.

Biosphere Reserve Askania Nova

malo Izi ndi ngodya wapadera wa chilengedwe osafikiridwa ndi Tambasula yomaliza ya steppe ku Ulaya, yemwe kupeta lotseguka. Dziwani kuti steppe, analima kamodzi, cipo mokwanira achire. The Askania steppe pali oposa 400 mitundu ya zomera, ambiri a iwo dzinthu.

Askania Nova - izi mwina wotchuka kwambiri National Park, yomwe ili m'malire a Ukraine, dera la mahekitala oposa 11 zikwi. Idamangidwa mu 1921 mu dera Kherson. Pa malo dziko ndi paki nkhalango ndi mayiwe yokumba ndi ngalande, kunyumba kwa mitundu 1,000 ya nyama ndi pa mitundu 60 ya mbalame.

Wapadera wa Askania Nova ndi kuwonjezera mitundu m'dera la zomera zam'tchire mwangwiro anazolowera kwambiri mitundu yosowa anabweretsa kuchokera ku Ulaya, Asia, Australia, Africa ndi America. Area yaikulu zolembera Zoo ndi 30 sq. Km. Mu zikhalidwe theka-free ndi msipu ponies Mahatchi, kaffir njati, mbidzi, nyama, akavalo Przewalski a ngakhalenso saiga - ungulates wakale, amene ankakhala mu masiku a mammoths.

Danube Biosphere Reserve

Idamangidwa mu 1981 pa dera la dera Odessa. Poyamba, dera lake linali 14,8 thous. Ha. Koma malo a m'dera limeneli anali kuwonjezera nthawi zonse ndipo tsopano wafika mahekitala 50 252.9. Reserve amateteza wapadera Europe lonse mitunda lapadera Danube floodplains.

Nkhokwe ku Ukraine ali wolemera kwambiri mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama ndi zomera. wina Danube Biosphere Reserve Only kuli mitundu 563 ya zomera. Kuchuluka kwachilengedwenso chifukwa kukhalapo kwa chonde sludge wapadera anachititsa mtsinje. Pakati zitsamba zambiri kudutsa m'madera ndi zomera madzi, popangidwa ndi zomera kutchulidwa Red Book of Ukraine - nati akuyandama ndipo akuyandama Salvinia.

Wokongola malo ndi chuma chakudya chokwanira see kukopa nambala yaikulu mbalame. Apa pali mitundu yoposa 200, Pakati palinso zina zachilendo kwambiri: spoonbill, pinki vuwo, lopotana vuwo, Ogar, woyera-tailed chiombankhanga ena. Komanso, madzi otetezedwa - ndi wintering malo mitundu yoposa 120 ya mbalame.

Carpathian Biosphere Reserve

analenga inayamba mu 1968 pa dera la Transcarpathian dera. Total Area - 57.880 ha, amene 31.995 ha - woyendera nthambi gawo lotetezedwa. malo tichipeza magulu asanu ndi awiri botanical malo, ndi udindo wa boma: Yulevskaya Mountain ndi Black Mountain. onse malo otetezedwa ndi pamalo okwera mamita 2061 pamwamba pa nyanja mu gawo la Carpathians Chiyukireniya. Nawa pristine lamapiri wosanganiza mumamera ndi nkhalango Oil ndi foothill nkhalango thundu, ya m'mapiri ndi boma ya m'mapiri meadows ndi mitunda miyala-ndere.

Nkhokwe ya Ukraine anatchuka chifukwa nkhalango lake, makamaka Carpathian. 90% ya m'gawo lake aphimbidwa ndi nkhalango primeval. malo The kuli mitundu 66 ya nyama zakuthengo, mitundu yoposa 10,000 osiyanasiyana invertebrates, mitundu 193 ya mbalame ndi mitundu yoposa 1,000 ya zomera mtima. Komanso, pali zoposa 60 mitundu ya zomera ndi mitundu 72 ya nyama kutchulidwa Red Book.

Black Sea Biosphere Reserve

Iye chimodzi cha waukulu akale kwambiri komanso chamtengo wapatali nkhokwe ya Ukraine, amene gawo chimafikira kudutsa m'madera awiri - Kherson ndi Mykolaiv. Makamaka kunyadira Black Sea Biosphere Reserve ali zosiyanasiyana mitunda pano. m'madera Izi steppe wa saltmarsh ndi mipiringidzo mchenga, ndi malo Bay, ndi watsopano ndi mchere nyanja, komanso alder, Aspen minda birch.

Area zinchito malo zone ya mahekitala 70 509 ndi gawo lotetezedwa - 18 620 mahekitala. Awa, za 84% - ndi madzi Yarlitskogo Tendrivskogo kumalo a Nyanja Black.

A nambala yaikulu mitundu ya mbalame zosamukasamuka ndi wintering amakopeka ornithologists ambiri mu izi Reserve Biosphere. Ukraine mwakhama posamalira za chitetezo cha izi zovuta wapadera, olengedwa mwa chirengedwe.

Panthawi ino, tikudziwa kuti pa malire a malo pali zoposa 3,500 mitundu ya zomera, kuphatikizapo mitundu 124 kutchulidwa Red Book of Ukraine ndi 29 - mu European List Red. Ukraine komanso zimasunga zosiyanasiyana kwambiri tizilombo, ndi Black Sea Reserve - yotero. Pa malo inapeza mitundu yoposa 2,000 tizilombo, 168 amene ali arachnids.

Udindo wa nkhokwe mu moyo wa munthu masiku ano

Anthu onse kudziletsa kulemekeza moyo pa m'gawo lake mbiri, nthawi zonse amayesetsa osati kukhala, koma n'zothekanso kuonjezera zachilengedwe ndi kudzapeza zikhalidwe za kukhalako m'dziko kwawo kalekale m'mibadwo yanu.

Nature nkhokwe ya Ukraine analengedwa kuti munthu ano sanaiwale pa zomwe onse a sayansi ndi kuyenda malo m'dziko pali mphambano za chikhalidwe pristine, yomwe makolo athu anapeka nthano.