Barto Agniya. Wambiri ndi ntchito

Kodi njira ya moyo zapita Barto Agniya? Wambiri ankakonda ndakatulo, amene ndakatulo pa mibadwo ingapo wa ana, ndi chidwi ngati mwana, podziwa ndakatulo iye ndi mtima, ndi makolo polera ana awo pa mizere ozoloŵereka. Wotchuka "Pali ng'ombe, anatenga ..." "Tanya athu kulira mokweza ..." "waponya chimbalangondo pansi ..." kugwirizana ndi masitepe woyamba wa mwana, mawu oyamba "amama", mphunzitsi woyamba, woyamba sukulu belo. Kalembedwe mizere kwambiri ndi kuwala kwambiri, wolemba akulankhula kwa mwana, ngati zaka zofanana, chinenero akumvetsa.

Osati aliyense amadziwa za mavuto enaake a munthu uyu owala, kufunika yofunika ankaganiza Agniya Lvovna Barto, amene yonena ndi umakhudza ana. Mu zaka lonse itatha, wolemba ndakatulo wotchuka anathandiza kukumana zikwi za anthu amatayika pa nkhondo.

Agniya Barto: zilandiridwenso ndi yonena

Ana Agniya Barto - wolemba woyamba kwambiri ndipo ankakonda amene ndakatulo iwo, popeza anakulira ndipo atayamba mabanja, kulankhula ndi ana awo kale. Anabadwa Agnes L. February 4 , 1906 mu banja Volova Lva Nikolaevicha - vetenale. Banja anatsogolera lililonse kwa nthawi moyo kwathunthu wotetezedwa kunyumba: a maphunziro kunyumba chachikulu, chinenero, miyambo zakudya. Education masewero atate; kukhala kuonera luso, adawona mwana wake, ballerina wotchuka, amene Agnes sanatero. Mtsikanayo ndinkadabwa kunjira ina - mu ndime yomwe iye adatengedwa pambuyo anzawo gymnasia.

Mu 1925 inasindikizidwa buku loyamba la ndakatulo ana "Kitaychonok Wang Li," "Mishka-mbala." Agnes anali wamanyazi kwambiri ndipo, kamodzi popeza zowerenga ndakatulo wake Chukovsky, olemba analembedwa zaka zisanu mnyamata. Pomaliza, kusankha nzika za ndakatulo ndi luso mtsikanayo pambuyo nkhani Vladimir Mayakovsky, amene analankhula za kufunika ndakatulo ndi ana wachibadidwe ina, kodi mbali yofunika kwambiri mu maphunziro nzika m'tsogolo. Agniya Barto ankakhulupirira kuti ntchito yake adzakhala ndithu otukuka mwapamwamba, dziko lawo, nzika oona a dziko lawo. Agnes Barto yonena kuti ana kugwirizana ndi ndakatulo awo ankakonda; kuchokera cholembera a ndakatulo iyi kuchokera mu 1928 mpaka 1939 anali ngati a ndakatulo: "Mwanayo M'malo mwake", "Bratishki", "Zoseweretsa", "Bullfinch".

Moyo wa ndakatulo iyi: kulenga ndi munthu

Personal moyo Agnes Barto sanali wotopetsa; oyambirira mokwanira, iye anayambitsa banja ndi ndakatulo Pavlom Barto, anabereka mwana - mwana Garik. Ukwati woyamba anali zikukhudza, mwina chifukwa cha changu unyamata, ndipo mwina ndi Zakugonjetsa akatswiri omwe sakanakhoza kuvomereza Paulo Barto. Mu zaka 29, Agnes anapita kwa munthu wina - wasayansi Andrey Vladimirovich Scheglyaevu mphamvu, amene wakhala chikondi chachikulu cha moyo wake. Kwa iye Agnes anabereka mwana wamkazi Tatiana. Non-confrontational chikhalidwe cha Agnes Barto ndi ulamuliro wa mkulu wa mphamvu ya mphamvu zomangamanga MEI ( "Mgwirizano wa Soviet wokongola kwambiri Dean") - Andrei Vladimirovich - adayandikira ku nyumba zawo za zisudzo, oimba ndi olemba. Agniya Barto mabwenzi apamtima kwambiri ndi Rina Green ndi Fainoy Ranevskoy.

Barto Agniya, amene yonena ndi chidwi anakulira mibadwo amene anakulira ndi ndakatulo awo ankakonda kwambiri oyendayenda mu nthumwi za ku Soviet Union mu 1937, nawo kudutsa mu Spain Mayiko Congress mu Kuteteza Culture. Kumeneko iye anaona ndi maso anga, ndi zimene fascism, chifukwa misonkhano mu moto kuzungulira Madrid ndi ana akungoyendayenda m'nyumba anawononga amasiye. Kuganiza chopweteka kwambiri pa Agniyu anapanga kucheza ndi Spanish chimfine, lomwe limasonyeza chithunzi cha mwana n'kutseka zala zake pa mutu wake, kufotokoza njira yakuti mnyamata anang'amba kuchokera chipolopolo ake. Mmene angaperekere maganizo a mayi, anapulumuka mwana wake? funso oopsa, iye analandira ayankhe pasanathe zaka zochepa.

Barto Agniya: yonena panthawi ya nkhondo

Agniya Barto ankadziwa za zikukhalira a nkhondo Germany. Mu 30s mochedwa iye anapita woyera, aukhondo dziko lino anaona atsikana okongola lopotana zovala chokongoletsedwa ndi swastikas, anamva woomba pa mphambano iliyonse mawu Nazi. Ndi ndakatulo nkhondo mtengo chifundo; ngakhale pamene achoke anali pafupi ndi mwamuna wake, kupeza mayendedwe Urals, + wa Kedesi mu Sverdlovsk. Malinga Agnes Barto, umene posachedwapa anatsimikizira mawu a Paulo Bazhov wolemba Urals anatsekedwa, anthu ankhanza ndi zolakwika. Sverdlovsk achinyamata kutenga malo a akulu anachoka kutsogolo, ntchito zomera chitetezo. Agnes panafunika kulankhula ndi ana, amene ankayandikira nkhani ndi kudzoza. Kuti mwanjira kuyandikira kwa iwo, wolemba ndakatulo wakhala katswiri ntchito Turner 2 gulu. Pamene akugwira ntchito lathe, izo molimba anasonyeza phindu kwa anthu onse, mokakamiza kuyika mu chimango cha nkhondo nkhanza. Agnes L. anachita pa wailesi Moscow ndi Sverdlovsk, analemba asilikali nkhani, essays, ndakatulo. 1942 anakhala patsogolo pa Western monga mtolankhani wa "Komsomolskaya Pravda". Mu zaka lonse itatha, anapita England, Bulgaria, Japan, Iceland ndi mayiko ena.

Personal tsoka Agnes Barto

Mu Moscow, wolemba ndakatulo anabwerera mu 1944. Moyo anakhala chisokonezeko, anzanga anabwerera kuchokera achoke, ana anayamba kuphunzira kachiwiri. Onse anali kuyang'ana mwachidwi kutha kwa nkhondo. May 4, 1945 linali tsiku tsoka chifukwa Agnes. Pa tsiku ili, galimoto anamaliza ngodya, nditagwa imfa kukwera njinga 15 wazaka Garik. Chigonjetso Tsiku likudetsedwa mtima mayi, sanali mwana wake. Kovuta kuthetsa vutoli, Agnes anasolola chikondi changa chonse mwana Tatiana, akadali zovuta kulenga. 1940-1950-ntchentche sankawabisira amasulidwe zopereka latsopano Agnes Barto: "panyengo ndakatulo", "grader", "ndakatulo Ana", "Zvenigorod". Pa nthawi yomweyo ndakatulo ntchito pa zolembedwa mafilimu ana, "Alyosha Ptitsyn umabala khalidwe", "Foundling," "Chitamba ndi chingwe." Mu 1958, zinalembedwa ndi mkombero ndithu ndakatulo satirical ana "Leshenka Leshenka," "Agogo mdzukulu."

ndakatulo ndimaikonda a mibadwo yonse

Barto Agniya, yonena ndi chidwi mafani ake, chifukwa kulemba ndakatulo, wasanduka wolemba otchuka, amakonda la Soviet Union, "nkhope ya mabuku Soviet ana." Mu 1947 anasindikiza ndakatulo "Zvenigorod", limafotokoza nkhani ya ana amene anataya makolo awo pankhondoyo. Lidalembedwa mutapita kwa amasiye mu Zvenigorod - wakunja kwatawuni m'tawuni. ndakatulo iyi imene ntchito mafunso ana, linakonzedwa ndi gawo lapadera. Pambuyo amasulidwe "Zvenigorod" Agnii Lvovne kalata kuchokera kwa mayi amene anataya pa nkhondo, mwana wamkazi zaka zisanu ndi zitatu. Nyenyeswa za chokumbukira ana akuonetsedwa mu ndakatuloyi, mkazi ankaoneka bwino, ndipo iye zinkandisangalatsa okha ndi chiyembekezo kuti Agnes anali Zikuvumbulutsidwa kwa mwana wake chikusowa. Kotero, makamaka kunapezeka. anthu amtundu kuti anakumana zaka 10.

Pa wailesi "Mayak" mu 1965, kuyambira wailesi pulogalamu "Ndine munthu", yemwe anakhala akutsogolera Agniya Barto. Pa mtima ntchito kufufuza anali kukumbukira mwana, limene, mogwirizana ndi wolemba, kotero akhama ndi chakuthwa kukhala ndi mwana moyo. Kwa zaka 9 ntchito mwakhama Agnes Barto anakhoza kulowa zikwi malo anthu.

Mu moyo, zonse zinayenda bwino: mwamuna wanga bwinobwino kunasuntha ntchito makwerero, Agnes anakhala agogo wokongola mdzukulu Vladimir, amene analemba ndime, "Vovk - ndi moyo wabwino." Ndakatulo akadali anabwera dziko wakhala nkhope ya nthumwi iliyonse, chifukwa iye amadziwa zinthu anthu, ankalankhula zinenero zingapo, kuvina mwangwiro ndi wokometsedwera. Nyumba Agnes Barto zitseko anali wokonzeka alendo; patebulo chomwecho ife anasonkhana maphunziro, olemba ndakatulo budding, zisudzo wotchuka MEI ophunzira.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, Agnes Barto

Mu 1970 iye anafa ndi khansa Andrey Vladimirovich - mwamuna wa Agnes Barto, zomwe iye anakumana zaka 11. Pa zaka zonsezi, Agnes L. ntchito mwakhama, analemba mabuku awiri a kukumbukira oposa zana ndakatulo. Mantha kukhala yekha, akhoza maola pafoni ndi anzake, ndinayesetsa zambiri onani mwana wake wamkazi ndi adzukulu. Ndi kuyamika banja timakumbukira ake anazunzidwa ankadziwa kuti Agnes L. anapeza madokotala abwino anathandiza kupeza mankhwala akadwala, "nkhonya" nyumba - ngakhale alendo.

Agniya Barto anafa Moscow mu 1981 pa 1 April. Autopsy, madokotala anadabwa kwambiri ziwiya ofooka kwambiri ndipo sanamvetse mmene mu zaka zapitazi 10, magazi amatuluka mtima wa wotero yowala. Mwachidule yonena za Agnes Barto chimakwirira mphindi chifungulo cha moyo wake, zovuta zipatso; tikadali kuwerenga ndakatulo ake, kuwaphunzitsa ana, kulera adzukulu.