Wovulala dzanja: Zizindikiro, Matendawa ndi Chithandizo

Palibe munthu amene savutika ku kuvulala, kuphatikizapo akuluakulu. Motero anthu kuti si nthawi zonse kudziwa kuopsa kwa kuwonongeka chotsatira, chimene chiri chofunika kwa chithandizo yake. Wovulala burashi si zosiyana, chifukwa nthawi zina wolakwiridwayo sazindikira kuti fupa wathyoka. Pachifukwa chimenechi, n'kofunika kuti tione zizindikiro kiyi yojambula.

Akamanena za vuto

M'nyengo yozizira kapena pamene moyo yogwira sangathe lilibe kugwa amphamvu, moganizira burashi lapansi. Amagwiritsidwanso manyazi kwambiri ingagwiritsidwe m'dera limeneli dzanja Mwachitsanzo, mu kupanga.

Mu machitidwe zotsatira sangathe kulamulidwa burashi wovulala.

Ngozi ya mtundu zimenezi mitundu itatu:

• fractures mafupa metacarpal;
• phalanges (ambiri);
• dzanja mafupa.

Sitingathe amanyalanyaza mfundo yakuti wovulala nthawi zina limodzi ndi olakwika, amene ana amakumana ndi mavuto zina, choncho ngati zovuta zilizonse pa tchire, amene anapangitsa kwambiri ululu, muyenera kuwona dotolo.

gulu la matenda

Mwina aliyense akudziwa za izo, koma m'munda wa mankhwala pali gulu lonse la matenda. Mu dongosolo ili, deta aliyense matenda ndi mitundu yake akapatsidwa kachidindo enieni, omwe akusonyeza nambala ndiponso makalata.

The ICD zikukhudza dzanja anayikidwa mu chigawo S00-T98 (timitu pa 60 kuti TH 69), amene odzipereka kwa choipa, poyizoni ndi zotsatira ena otchuka akunja. Mu gawo ili la gulu lonse la olembedwa onse okhudzidwa mitundu ya fractures, dzanja zoopsa ndi dzanja (woyamba, wachiwiri metacarpal fupa, chala, wavulala, etc.).

Deta izi n'zotheka molondola kudziwa ndi mtundu wa wovulala ndi kuika bwino ndi matenda zolondola.

zizindikiro

Wovulala burashi ndi zovuta kuphonya, koma ife timachitcha mbali zina zomwe sadzaloledwa kusokoneza ndi kuvulazidwa.

Choyamba, tiyeni chimatanthauza zizindikiro zazikulu:

• pamene kuyesa limbitsani zala pali ululu;
• pa mbali kumbuyo anapanga kutupa noticeable;
• Ngati zoopsa aakulu mwina ziwonjezeka mkhalidwe wonse wa wovulalayo wakhala analandira;
• mu burashi noticeable mapindikidwe.

Pankhaniyi, khungu amakhala bluish, ndi ululu akhoza anamva osati kutambasuka kwa zala, komanso nthawi iliyonse, ngakhale ang'onoang'ono, magulu.

Navicular ndi metacarpals

Pambuyo kuwonongeka kwa zigawo izi wa burashi patapita kanthawi anaonekera edema kupanga gulu lililonse mabvuto. Ngati mutu anali zikukhudza metacarpal fupa, ndi mapindikidwe kutupa adzaoneka kumbuyo kwa dzanja, mwachindunji malo kuvulazidwa.

Koma dzanja osweka scaphoid ungathe mavuto ena kuwonjezera pa zotsatira zazikulu zoipa. Nthawi zambiri, kuwonongeka ngati ndi chotsatira cha kugwa, imene anatsindika dzanja wovulala. Chifukwa cha ululu zidzachitika pa m'munsi mwa tchire kuchokera kumbali ya chala choyamba. Pankhaniyi, ululu akhoza monga kupweteka, nthawi zonse, buku otsika anafotokoza. Mapindikidwe pa choipa si, ndi kutupa, ngakhale pali koma pang'ono. Pamavuta crux vuto.

Pamene wovulalayo atagwa asaone ululu ndipo palibe zizindikiro za mapindikidwe dzanja, icho chiri kutali ndi kuzindikira kuti fupa lothyoka zinachitika. Chifukwa, zinthu zikhoza kuchepetsedwa kudzimvera matenda ndipo popanda thandizo akatswiri a sing'anga oyenerera. Nthawi zina, munthuyo wasankha kudzacheza dokotala pambuyo miyezi ingapo kuchokera nthawi imene dzanja wosweka chinapezeka. Kuwonongeka kwa mafupa ena, kuwonjezera pa scaphoid ndi metacarpal wolembedwa kawirikawiri.

M'pofunikanso podziwa kuti fractures ndi mikwingwirima ndi zizindikiro zochepa wamba: kutupa ndi lakuthwa kapena kupweteka ululu. Choncho, pambuyo kugwa kapena ena akunja mphamvu zofunika Mulimonsemo kupita kuchipatala.

Ngati wovulala anali atathana burashi kuchepetsa, zikuoneka kuti amafuna kugwira ntchito phukusi, ndicho fixation ndi repositioning. Zimenezi kamodzinso zikutsindika kufunika kwa matenda yake.

NKHANI fractures ana

Poyamba, muyenera kulabadira chakuti mankhwala organic mafupa a ana kwambiri kuposa a anthu achikulire. Chifukwa, chipolopolo amateteza mafupa (periosteum), komanso ali ndi kuuma bwino ndi elasticity. zizindikiro zimenezi kulola ana kunyamula dzanja wosweka m'njira yosiyana.

Izi ndi zosiyana izi kwa kuvulala bwinobwino akulu:

1. Odwala wamng'ono msinkhu pambuyo choipa adzathe kudzisamalira kukonza yotsalira kukondera. Zimenezi zalongosoledwa ndi luso la amenewa yogwira ntchito kwa minofu ndi kukula mofulumira minofu fupa.

2. Nsalu ndi nyumba kuonongeka ana akuchira kwambiri msanga ndiponso mosavuta kuposa anthu wazaka zapakati chifukwa maonekedwe mofulumira a calluses ndi mkulu mlingo wa kufalitsidwa periosteal.

fractures 3. Ana amadziŵika chifukwa chakuti zifukwa zambiri monga kupinda kapena wovulala fupa. Pachifukwa ichi, pang'ono kusamutsidwa makombo fupa ndi mabwinja.

Pamene zoopsa ngati mwana kulira ndi kukhala mu chimaonekadi okondwa. Otsalawo dzanja pambuyo wovulala ana ndi kusintha chimodzimodzi monga akuluakulu (kutupa, imfa ya zoyendayenda, chilema, ululu, kutupa, etc.).

Nzowonekeratu kuti thupi la mwanayo kuti matenda angawa mosavuta, koma sizikutanthauza kuti mukhoza kuchitira mopepuka funso mankhwala. Nawo madokotala Pankhaniyi, kwenikweni, ndipo posachedwapa.

choyamba-chithandizo

Ngati zifukwa anasonyeza zizindikiro khalidwe la fupa lothyoka, tiyenera kukhala okonzeka kuchita zinthu zingapo zosavuta, koma zofunika.

Choyamba m'pofunika kuti wovulalayo kutenga mankhwala othetsa ululu, kenako adzayenera kukonza burashi lapansi. Zimenezi adzateteza malo anavulala zisaonongeke zina chifukwa kayendedwe umasinthasintha. Ngati ife kuthana ndi fupa lothyoka lotseguka ntchito choyamba kuchitika - ndi kuletsa kutaika kwa magazi, ndipo mwamsanga.

kanthu china chofunika - kuchotsa burashi zowonongeka zokongoletsera iliyonse. kukhwimitsa ndi zotheka chifukwa mawotchi chisokonezo cha makope mphete kuthamanga kapena zibangili. Komanso, pamene padzakhale kutupa, chotsani zokongoletsa kungakhale kovuta kwambiri.

Ngati pali wovulala chala burashi, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito malo owonongeka ozizira ndipo motero m'mbuyo kuoneka edema. kanthu Izi kuchepetsa kumva ululu.

diagnostics

Kudziwa makhalidwe a choipa ayenera poyamba kutembenukira kwa mwakayakaya dokotala amene amadziwa mtima chifukwa kuvulazidwa, tikambirana dzanja ndi pambuyo palpation kulongosola kuzionetsetsa radiographic.

The njira yamasika, ndi njira, n'chofunika kwambiri, chifukwa timatha kusiyanitsa wovulala dislocation wa burashi kapena kuvulala utali wozungulira. Mfundo yofunika ndi mzere pamwamba pa mafupa carpal chikugwirizana ndi olowa mtengo, vuto la kuwonongeka amene angapereke ululu polumikizira.

Zikatere, kudziŵa zinkakhala m'dera popanda X-ray adzakhala mabvuto kwambiri. mukhoza mapeto bwino pamaziko a zambiri: kuchitiridwa kunyumba pambuyo choipa chilichonse dzanja ndi burashi zambiri - kulakwa kwambiri.

chithandizo

Nthawi zambiri, opaleshoni zoipa dzanja si chofunika. Apeze aluso ndi mofulumira anavulala zidutswa fupa ali mulibe gulu, amene zimadza m'zigongono.

masiku 7 pambuyo fixation otere mwachita radiography burashi. Izi zimathandiza kudziwa mmene malo amachiritsa zowonongeka. The bandeji atachotsedwa nthawi zambiri mu masabata 4-5.

Ngati chala unathera (wina phalanx) popanda kukondera, ndi imposition wa splints zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito monga miyeso choipa.

Ngati pochita zinthu ndi wovulala woyamba metacarpal fupa, anapanga muyike pena zinyalala, ndipo masiku awiri pambuyo zoipa. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonza pulasitala, zikhomo ndi masingano. Pakuti kuvulala popanda kusamutsidwa kwa ena metacarpal fupa pambuyo kuchepetsa adzakhala pulasitala zokwanira.

Koma wovulala fupa navicular, mankhwala ake ndi ovuta kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kukonza mwangwiro pulasitala, koma osati nthawi zonse. Dziwani kuti kuchitira choipa amakhala ovuta kwambiri ngati fupa lothyoka mzere umadutsa mafupa a thupi. Pankhaniyi, kuchira akhoza anachedwa kwa miyezi ingapo.

Ngati muli ndi kuchitira chala chanu, ndi kukonza kokha zowonongeka phalanx, ndi mawu osachepera. Udindo wa chala akufunitsitsa.

Nthawi zina muyenera kuchitira wovulala kwambiri. Kuchepetsa burashi Mwachitsanzo, akhoza kwambiri kusokoneza njira kuchira. The njira yabwino kwambiri kukhudzana mu nkhani iyi ndi lotseguka kapena chatsekedwa kuchepetsa. Chinthu china chimene complicating akhale ndi fupa lothyoka lotseguka, zimene mankhwala ntchito alowererepo opaleshoni, kapena kani, khungu kumezetsanitsa.

kuchira

odwala ambiri amafuna kudziwa ngati kusunga magwiridwe ake burashi pambuyo wovulala ndi kuchira wotsatira. The chifukwa zinthu zambiri zimadalira zimene akuvutika okha. Kuti dayisi anakhala ngati m'manja ndi pamaso choipa, muyenera kuti nthawi zonse kukhala. Koma kuyamba ntchito imeneyi n'zomveka pokhapokha kuchipatala kuti fupa adawachiritsa.

Kuyambira ndondomeko ndi kuchira bwino kuwala Zochita (flexion-kutambasuka, kasinthasintha Palm neri Al.). kayendedwe mwadzidzidzi pamene contraindicated. Muyenera kuchita masabata ochepa. Nthawi zina, kuchira bwino adzayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika pa udindo burashi pasanathe miyezi sikisi.

Izi ayenera kupewa kanthu iliyonse - Zochita onse ndi mphamvu zawo ndi nthawi kuti anagwirizana ndi dokotala nawo.

zotsatira

Wovulala dzanja - ichi ndi chonyansa kwambiri choipa, amene kwambiri complicates ntchito wovulalayo kwambiri. Koma vutoli likhoza kutha ngati lamanja akaonekere kwa madokotala ndi oyenerera kuyamba chithandizo.