Mapangidwe, Zilankhulo
Attributive mzera: zitsanzo. Ziganizo ndi subordination attributive: Zitsanzo
Mitundu ya subordinating kugwirizana, chiweruzo, ndi kusanthula maganizo, nsembe aya - ndi malembedwe onse a chinenero cha Chirasha. Attributive mzera - chitsanzo cha munthu wa nkhani zovuta kwambiri kuphunzira malembedwe Russian.
Mzera: tanthauzo
Mbali yaikulu ya chiweruzo zovuta - paranasal gawo. Paranasal otchedwa gawo la chiweruzo zovuta, amene amadalira waukulu. Pa akungoonerera kunama chipale chofewa, pamene iwo anapita kumudzi. Pano, mwa maganizodwe chachikulu chinali chisanu m'minda. Kwa izo akupemphedwa mbali yozungulira: anagona (liti?) Pamene iwo anapita kumudzi. Paranasal gawo - ndi maganizo osiyana, monga ndi zifukwa predicative. Komabe, kulankhulana ndi akuluakulu akuti ndi semantically ndi grammatically, izo sizingakhoze kukhala paokha. Izi losiyana ndi gawo lalikulu la chiweruzo zovuta za pansi pa ulamuliro wa. Motero, mzera - gawo la chiweruzo zovuta, amadalira Mbali yaikulu.
Mzera: Mitundu
The malembedwe a chinenero cha Chirasha pali mitundu inayi ya Akumakambirananso wamng'ono. View yozungulira gawo anatsimikiza ndi mafunso adafunsa mzera waukulu.
| dzina | mtengo | Mwachitsanzo |
| Yothandiza | Ku liwu limodzi mu mzera waukulu akufunsa funso lotani? | Pa nthawi imeneyo iye anatsogolera gulu loyimba, kumene iye ankasewera Ilyin. (Gulu loyimba (motani?), Kumene iye ankasewera Ilyin) |
| izjasnitelnyh | Ku liwu limodzi mu mzera waukulu akufunsa mlandu oblique: kodi? kodi? kodi? kodi? Ndani? kwa ndani? ndi yani? akuzinena? | Taganizirani mmene tingasangalale! (Kulingalira (chiyani?) Iye angakonde) |
| adverbial | Ku liwu limodzi mu mzera waukulu akufunsa zinthu zilili: komwe? pamene? kuchokera kuti? bwanji? Chifukwa chiyani? ndi zina | Iye anachita amantha kuchita. (Ndalowa (motani?) Monga amantha kuchita) |
| polumikiza | Kuyambira bwana zonse zazikulu kufunsa funso lililonse. | Panali mphepo yamphamvu, chifukwa ndi zimafika ndege. (Ndege zimafika (chiyani?) Chifukwa kunali mphepo yamphamvu) |
Molondola kudziwa mtundu wa mzera Kumvetsela - ntchito imene imakhudza ophunzira.
Attributive subordination wa pempholo
Zovuta chiweruzo (CPR) ndi adventitious attributive, zitsanzo zomwe zapatsidwa tebulo idzafotokoza awiri kapena kuposa, pamene gawo lalikulu yodziwika paranasal. Chinsinsi gawo amatanthauza mawu amodzi a mzera waukulu. Izi mwina nauni kapena puronauni.
Attributive mzera: Features
Pali zina mwa NGN ndi subordination attributive. Zitsanzo matebulo kudzakuthandizani kumvetsa.
| Features | zitsanzo |
| mzera Attributive amamangiriridwa mzera waukulu, kawirikawiri anagwirizana mawu (winawake yemwe, kumene momwe, ndi zina). | Ilo linagwedezeka chithunzi (chiyani?), Kuti Anapachikidwa mu chipinda chochezera. City (chiyani?), Kodi magnolias kukula, kuwakumbukira zabwino. |
| Mu gawo waukulu CPR akhoza kugwirizana ndi anagwirizana woonekeratu puronauni mawu, ndiye ena. | Mu mzinda wa (chiyani?), Kodi ife anapuma kwambiri misewu mbiri. Kuyambira maapulo anali kukoma (chiyani?), Amene ali yekha mu masiku ofunda wa May. |
| mzera Attributive ayenera kutsatira mwamsanga mawuwo modifies. | Photo (chiyani?) Chogwira mu kope lake, unaperekedwa kwa iye ndi Olga. Tsiku (chiyani?), Atakumana, iwo kukumbukira chirichonse. |
| Attributive mzera (Mwachitsanzo ziganizo ndi wogwirizana ndi mawu) akhoza anapambulwa pa mfundo zikuluzikulu mawu anthu ena. | Chipinda mwa zomwe zomera ndi bwino anaphimba. Madzulo mu mzinda achisangalalo kumva nyanja, umene gulls kukuwa. |
Akumakambirananso correlative
Ziganizo zovuta ndi attributive subordination mbali pali chinthu china. Ngati waukulu gawo CPR nkhani Kapena gawo la pawiri nauni mkhalidwe zowonetseredwa ndi mtima wa mwadzina kapena woonekeratu puronauni zokhudza paranasal attributive gawo gawo amenewa amatchedwa correlative (puronauni-attributive). Ndiko kuti, bwana kuti ndi chiŵerengero akuti mu gawo lalikulu ndi mawu Union mu yozungulira - m'Baibulo pamene pali puronauni-attributive Akumakambirananso.
Zitsanzo: Anawuzidwanso okhawo amene anali N Mbali Ayenera (chiŵerengero kuti M +). mkazi analumbira mokweza anamva m'dera lonse (chiŵerengero kuti +). Yankho lidali zimene anali kufunsa (chiŵerengero kodi +). mawu Captain wa kunali kokweza ndi amphamvu kuti gawo lonse kamodzi anamva ndi kumanga (chiŵerengero ngati kuti +). Chinthu chapadera wa paranasal puronauni-attributive ndi kuti patsogolo mzera chachikulu: Ndani sanali pa nyanja, iye sanaone wokongola zachilengedwe.
Adverbial attributive: Zitsanzo za mabuku
Mitundu ya ziganizo zovuta ndi attributive subordination a akonzedwa mbali.
AS Pushkin: Mu mphindi imodzi msewu skidded m'dera mbisoweka mumdima (chiyani?) ... kupyolera amene flakes woyera wa chisanu ndi mbalame ... Berastau anayankha mwachangu mofanana (motani?), Kodi unyolo ndi Nyamuliranani mauta mkulu wa ambuye Mtsogoleri wawo .
T. Dreiser: Ife basi kuti atonthoze ndekha ndi lingaliro kuti zinthu anthu sadzasiya ... Pa maganizo ake anabwera madzi anasefukira kumbuyo (chiyani?), Ndani akuona wotayika (chiyani?).
Adverbial attributive zothetsera (zitsanzo mabuku Chitsanzo) anayambitsa zina wokhala waukulu mawu okhala yotakata luso lofotokoza umathandiza ntchito wolemba zokongola ndi molondola pofotokoza chinthu makamaka.
Kulakwila kupanga ziganizo ndi mzera attributive
Pepala Kupenda ntchito amakumana Chirasha, zomwe sizolondola kudya mzera attributive. Chitsanzo cha ntchito imeneyi: W inovnik m'mudzi, imene anachititsa ndalama polojekiti. The akhazikitse kulekana kwa pansi waukulu zamalankhulidwe kosangalatsa zinachitika.
| Mwachitsanzo | Kaperekedwe zolakwa | Revised |
| Iye anapulumutsidwa ndi amene anathandiza m'mbuyomu. | Popanda kuchotsa puronauni woonekeratu | Iye anapulumutsa amene iye anathandiza m'mbuyomu. |
| Narwhal - wapadera nyama yemwe amakhala Nyanja Kara. | kugwirizana pachithunzichi woyankhula Union mawu chachikulu | Narwhal - nyama wapadera umene ukukhala mwa Nyanja Kara. |
| Anthu anatsegula pakamwa pawo anadabwa, amene anapha kupita kanthu. | Maulalo zomveka zamalankhulidwe si anakumana | Anthu amene agwidwa ndi kusuntha kanthu, anatsegula pakamwa pawo modabwa. |
Attributive mzera ndi participial
Maganizo kumene participial, semantically ofanana ndi ziganizo pawiri mmene muli munthu wamng'ono attributive. Zitsanzo: Oak wooka yemwe anali agogo kusanduka mtengo waukulu. - Oak, amene agogo kwambiri kusanduka mtengo waukulu. Awiri maganizo ofanana ndi mithunzi osiyana tanthauzo. Luso kalembedwe adalipo participial mawu amene ali kwambiri ofotokoza ndi khalidwe limaonetseratu. M'mawu colloquial mzera attributive ntchito zambiri kuposa participial lapansi.
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