Anali mafumu a Peter 1 chiyani? Peter 1: Romanov mzera

Mu masiku a Mavuto pampando wachifumu wa Russia ndi mwamphamvu molimba Romanov mafumu. Zaka mazana atatu, mpaka kupasula autocracy, izi mtengo banja anakula, kuphatikizapo maina lalikulu olamulira Russian. Izo sizinali zosiyana ndi Tsar Peter Wamkulu, amene anapereka kutsogolera champhamvu pa chitukuko cha dziko lathu.

A mwachidule mbiri

1 Peter mafumu poyamba anali wa banja boyar. Izo zalembedwa kuti kholo la mtundu uwu ndi Andrei Ivanovich Mare, amene ankakhala mu zaka za m'ma XIV. The kholo la Romanov ankaona Nikita Romanovich Yuriev, amene anabereka Feodor Nikitich. Anapitiriza mtundu Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov, amene anali woyamba mu 1613 pa Zemsky Sobor anasankhidwa kuti mpando wachifumu, kukhala woyambitsa wa latsopano mafumu. Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov amalembedwa ulamuliro wake mu 1645-1676 gg. kusintha kwambiri amene anakhudzidwa madera ndiponso ndale. 1 Peter mafumu anapitiriza Fedorom Alekseevichem Romanovym, amene anakhalabe pa mpando wachifumu kwa nthawi yayitali: kuchokera 1676 mpaka 1682 pambuyo pa imfa ya Mfumu co-olamulira a dziko akhala awiri abale ake: Ivan ndi Peter Alekseevich. Woyamba kunapezeka kuti sangathe kudzilamulira boma, ndipo m'bale wachiwiri anali wamng'ono kwambiri pa ntchito zolemetsa. Pa nkhani imeneyi, impso mphamvu mpaka 1689 analanda mlongo wawo - Sophia Alekseevna. Pambuyo pa imfa ya m'bale wake wamkulu mu 1696 anali mfumu yekha Peter 1. Romanov mafumu anagula mu nkhope motsimikiza wokonzanso, wamunyamula Russian kuti limatanthauza "kwa tonde a".

Policy Choyamba Mfumu

Ambiri, Peter A. anapitiriza mfundo bambo ake. Mabungwe akale wosweka ndi anakomoka, ndi pa onse owonongedwa kulenga atsopano. Mu ulamuliro wake, olemba mbiri onse pamodzi imawunikidwa monga bwino kwa Russia. Zinali mfumu anali ndi nambala yaikulu ya kusintha yaikulu imene ndithu bwanji chitukuko cha dziko lathu. Mafumu Peter 1 mpaka 1721 adatchedwa mfumu. Komabe, komanso mofatsa achilendo ndi zoweta Politika Petra Alekseevicha anatembenuka Russia mu dziko wamphamvu pakati pa European, kupanga izo ufumu. Mafumu wolamulira kuyambira 1721 linadzatchedwa Imperial.

motsatizana ufumu

I Petro 1 panali mwana mmodzi yekha amene anapulumuka zaka yaing'ono. Iwo anali mwana wa mfumu - Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich. Komabe, wolowa yekha mfumu mu 1718 mlandu kusintha atasemphana bambo. June 26 Alexei Petrovich anaphedwa. Banja Peter 1 wopanda adzakhale wamwamuna, amene anakakamizika mfumu apereke lamulo la motsatizana. Hereunder Peter 1 kuchenjera kuika m'malo amene anali kukhala mtumiki wa m'banja lachifumu. Koma mfumu analibe maganizo adzakwaniritsidwa: anafa, kodi si kusankha mutu watsopano. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, anakwera wachifumu mkazi - Catherine A., amene analamulira kuyambira 1725 mpaka 1727 anali mwana watsopano, mfumu Alexei Petrovich - Peter II Alekseevich, koma 1730 anamwalira. Mu mzera uwu wa Petro 1 mu m'badwo munthu anatayika.

mtundu wa kupitiriza

Atamwalira Peter II Alekseevich anakhala ulamuliro mwana wamkazi wa Ivan V, wotchedwa Anna Ivanovna. Mu 1740, iye anali akufa, nakwera ku mpando wachifumu mongoyembekezera Brunswick mafumu amene analamulira m'malo mwa Ivan VI Antonovich, ndi mphwake wa duchess mochedwa.

Last woimira mwazi wa mtundu wa

Mu 1741-mamita ulamuliro zapita kwa mwana wamkazi wa Peter Ine - Elizavete Petrovne Romanovoy, amene anakhala pa mpando wachifumu mpaka 1761. Ndi imfa yake (1761) 1 Petro mafumu anafupikitsa mu mzere wamkazi. Komanso, oimira ake anali mbadwa za mtundu wa Holstein-Gottorp, amene adatenga mofuula ndi odziwika bwino dzina la Romanovs.