Altai chigawo: mavuto a zachilengedwe ndi njira zawo. Nature ndi makampani a Altai Gawo

Pakali pano, mu wotchuka chifukwa zazikulu chikhalidwe chake Altai Gawo ochepa zisungidwe malo achilengedwe. Pafupifupi onse a iwo akumana ndi kupitiriza kuona mmene ntchito zachuma ndi mafakitale.

M'nkhani ino tikambirana alipo mavuto a zachilengedwe lero, Altai Gawo, pa njira vuto, za mbiri ya m'derali, ndi zina zambiri.

Altai chigawo: onse mudziwe

Altai - m'dziko limene ndi phunziro la Russian Federation ndi oyandikana Kazakhstan, limatanthawuza kuti ndi gawo kum'mwera chakumadzulo cha Siberia Federal District.

Tikumbukenso kuti isanafike 1991 m'dera Altai, ndipo anali gawo la yoyenda yokha Gorno-Altai dera, amene lero wodziimira nkhani ya Russian Federation - Altai Republic.

Population a dera uli woposa 2490 zikwi. Anthu. m'dera Land mamita lalikulu 168.000. Km, umene uli 1% ya m'dziko okwana Russian. The likulu mzinda wa Barnaul (anthu -. Anthu oposa 650 zikwi).

Iwo akugawana malire ndi Kazakhstan Region, Kemerovo ndi Novosibirsk zigawo.

Monga mbali ya m'mphepete mwa mizinda 12, townships - 14, 67 m'midzi ndi m'matauni midzi (kuphatikizapo German National District ..). Umadutsa m'mphepete mwa South-Siberia Kwanjanji, amene ali katundu kupita kumadera a kumadzulo. Major okwerera sitima Aleyskaya, Barnaul, Biisk, Altay, Rubtsovsk.

malo

Саянская горная ). Altai m'mphepete m'dera wa 2 mayiko thupi (West Siberia ndi Altai - Sayanskaya phiri). Mountain malo ili pa kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa m'madera a kumveka. Iwo Salairsky lokwera ndipo m'tsinde mwa Altai. Central ndi West mbali ali makamaka lathyathyathya mtunda. Iwo Bijsko-Chumyshskaya phiri, ob yachonde ndipo Kulundinskaya steppe.

Pakuti m'mphepete khalidwe pafupifupi onse n'kupita alipo zachilengedwe a Russia - mapiri, nayonso, steppe ndi steppe nkhalango. Pakuti lathyathyathya mbali yodziwika steppe ndi steppe malo achilengedwe, ndi zitalizitali ndi nyanja maukonde ndi zigwembe, tepi chisoso.

Suli kutali ndi Biya Mtsinje, ndi tributary wa Katun, ndi m'mphepete yaikulu mumzinda; Gorno-Altaisk ndi Barnaul. Biysk ili mwachindunji pa magombe a Biya, lomwe limapanga malire a mzinda pawiri.

Flora ndi zinyama

Musanayambe mukudziwa, kodi mavuto a zachilengedwe m'dera Altai, kufotokoza chikhalidwe chake.

The zomera olemera molumikizana amasiyanitsa m'malo osiyanasiyana limodzi ndi kusiyana kwa nyama zakutchire. Ornitofauna m'mphepete limapangidwa mitundu yoposa 320 ya mbalame. Nyama awa akuimira mitundu 90 ya nyama.

Okwana m'chigawo limakhalapo pafupifupi 2000 mitundu ya zomera mtima apamwamba, mlandu 2/3 mitundu yonse zomera Western Siberia. Ena mwa iwo ndi chidina ndi mitundu kuderako. Chofunika kwambiri ndi zomera zotsatirazi: liziwawa St. John, marjoram, elfwort, wofiira muzu, Rhodiola rosea (golide muzu), Maral muzu ndi Marin (kapena peony), Ural licorice, ndi ena ambiri. neri Al.

Mitengo zatenga 26% a gawo lonse derali.

Mitsinje ndi nyanja ya Altai Gawo

chuma madzi m'chigawo awa akuimira pansi ndi madzi pamwamba. Mitsinje yaikulu (17 zikwi) ndi Katun, ob, Aley, Biya ndi Charysh. Ob (waukulu mtsempha wamagazi m'mbali) popangidwa ndi confluence Katun Bii ndipo ali kutalika 493 Km. The mtsinje beseni chimakwirira 70% derali.

Nyanja Altai Gawo achuluka, pali 13 chikwi. Lalikulu - Kulundinskoye malo mamita lalikulu 728. Km.

chikhalidwe

Makamaka chikhalidwe cha Altai Gawo chakuti amalima yaikulu zosiyanasiyana zomera zosapezekapezeka mankhwala. Ambiri mwa zipangizo zopangira kukolola ndi dzanja kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa nthaka ndi musandisokoneze chiyanjano cha chikhalidwe cha Altai Gawo. Amenewa ndi malo apadera ndi zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, amakopa alendo ambiri. Ndipo lero kuli kotheka kukumana ndi Ula ndi wokonzeka kulankhula za katundu phindu zomera kukula pano mu mapiri.

m'gawo olemera ndi zipilala chachilengedwe: wa paini lamba paini nkhalango; malo mapangidwe mtsinje waukulu. Obi; Rasipiberi, Small Yarovoye, Kolyvanovskoe, Big Nyanja; Aya Nyanja; Denisov ndi Tavdinsky kuphanga; Mountain cyanosis; Chinook Valley ndi mathithi; Katun Mtsinje.

Koyamba, zinthu zachilengedwe ku Altai wabwino. Ndi wotchuka chifukwa akasupe ake ndi mitsinje, onyamula madzi oyera kwa mapiri mu zigwa ndi nkhalango. Zikwi m'mitsinje tinatchulidwa ndi chigawo ndipo amaonetsetsa kuchuluka ndi ungwiro wa nthaka. Ndi chifukwa cha madzi a nyanja izi dothi lachonde ndi wathanzi wamkulu ndi nkhalango ambiri ndi zomera zina. Koma apa, mchikakamizo cha zotsatira zochita za anthu anati kuwononga zinthu zachilengedwe.

malo otetezedwa

Mmodzi nkhani zofunika lero ndi yankho ku mavuto chilengedwe Altai Gawo, chifukwa madera ake ali kwina monga nkhokwe ndi zinyama.

Okwana pali 33 otetezedwa dera lomwe likuyenera kudzala 773.100 ha, kapena 5% ya m'mphepete. Izi si zokwanira kukhala bwino zachilengedwe a biosphere ndi (tsopano pansipa pafupifupi Russian). Kumene, pali mu Altai Gawo mavuto a zachilengedwe.

Mu Altai pali zipilala zambiri za chilengedwe, anatengedwa kukuteteza ndi woimira irreplaceable malo achilengedwe. Onsewo ali wa mbiri yakale, asayansi, chikhalidwe ndi zokongoletsa phindu (mathithi, mapanga, mchere akasupe outcrops miyala, zinthu paleontological, ndi zina zotero. N.). Ngakhale zaka zakubadwa mitengo mozizwitsa ulipo mpaka lero, kuimira wapadera zachilengedwe chipilala.

Okwana dera Altai 100 mwalamulo ovomerezeka zikhomo achilengedwe (kuphatikizapo Geological - .. 54, madzi - 31, botanical - 14 1 zovuta).

Mu Altai ena uchatskah kukula ndi moyo zomera kawirikawiri ndi nyama, koma ndi madera awa alibe udindo kutetezedwa. Popeza kuti zinthu mosavuta, Anagwirizana pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa chigawo Tigerekskogo Kulundinskoye ndi nkhokwe boma. bungwe lawo la ntchito inaimitsidwa chifukwa chosowa ndalama.

Zimayambitsa kuwononga zachilengedwe

Kodi pali nkhani zachilengedwe ku Altai Krai? Kumene pali.

matupi madzi ndi wowonongeka zinyalala m'mphepete mabizinezi a makina zomangamanga, umagwirira ndi petrochemistry, mphamvu zomangamanga.

Waukulu vuto - kuteteza mitsinje yaing'ono chifukwa shoaling awo ndi kuipitsa. Chifukwa cha kuchepetsa m'madera nkhalango pali madzi osefukira, kuchititsa shoaling mabedi. nyanja ambiri wowonongedwa ndi banja madzi zinyalala zoweta ku maofesi ziweto ndi midzi yake.

Koposa zonse za pamwamba, pa malire a dera la kugona njira Launch magalimoto kukhazikitsa kwa Baikonur.

Pomaliza

Lero, UNESCO allocates ndalama zambiri kuti asunge m'mphepete zachilengedwe. Komanso, makonsolo akuyesetsa kusintha chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe motetezera. makalasi zonse wakuti "Kuteteza chilengedwe" mu sukulu.

Altai Mulimonsemo, ndi limodzi mwa madera aukhondo zosawononga chilengedwe cha Russia. Zinali chikhalidwe chake mowolowa manja zosiyanasiyana zitsamba amene amathandiza thanzi la anthu ambiri.