A dera osavuta magetsi

munthu aliyense, ngati iye ali, kumene, sanafooke ubwino wa chitukuko atazungulira zipangizo zambiri zamagetsi. Kuposa zitsanzo safuna: TV, foni, ambiri wamba incandescent nyali , etc. maziko a zipangizo zonsezi ndi dera magetsi.. malo ambiri zolembalemba kupereka tanthauzo lofanana Koma ndi nkhani mtundu wophweka. N'chifukwa chiyani zili choncho, chifukwa masiku ano zamagetsi zamakono zili zovuta kuzimvetsa moti awo utumiki wokhulupirika ndi kompyuta dongosolo? Ndithudi, izo ziri zachirendo, makamaka poganizira CPUs makompyuta ndi mamiliyoni ambirimbiri a transistors - amenenso alipo dera magetsi DC. Chifukwa pamwamba mtima zosabvuta ndi kuti aliyense ngakhale zovuta kwambiri, circuitry mwina m'njira kuchuluka kwa zigawo pulayimale. Mwa njira, ichi ndi chifukwa chake kuli kotheka kuchita kuwerengetsera zofunika ntchito mitunduyi kudziwika.

Choncho, tinaganiza pa onyozeka ndi zovuta. Tsopano tiyeni Fotokozani za magetsi dera. Kupanga izo momveka kwambiri, taganizirani losavuta chitsanzo - tochi. Ndipo osati amene amagwiritsa kulamulira Chip (mode kusinthitsa, ziphaliwali, etc.), Ndipo ambiri - ndi batire, babu ndi toggle kusinthana. Amakhala ndi nyumba amene ali pachokha ndi gwero mtengo, lophimba chipinda kwa batire ndi anzanu awiri. Pambuyo kulowetsa batire mu nyumba ndi kuwonekera lophimba, mungathe kukwaniritsa yowala magetsi mbali kuwala. Popeza anachita zimenezi, ife anapanga basi chimene akutchedwa dera magetsi (mu slang akatswiri - anasonkhana chiwembu). Gwero panopa magetsi (mabatire) anathamangira panjira: funsani mzati zabwino - wochititsa lophimba - kuwala - mzati negative. Zimenezi zimatchedwa "langwiro dera magetsi." Mu chitsanzo ndi tochi atatu zinthu: gwero la EMF, lophimba ndi nyali. Tikumbukenso kuti kayendedwe ka ma elekitironi (panopa) n'chotheka mu dera chatsekedwa, ngati inu kusinthana kwa kusagwirizana ndi kuswa unyolo, izo sadzaoneka, ngakhale gwero voteji chikhalire. Mwa njira, njira yonse tinganene ndipo sukhala ndi panopa, komanso mwa voteji, mphamvu, EMF.

Mosalekeza mawerengedwe chida - lamulo Ohm a. Pankhaniyi, izo zikuwoneka ngati:

Ine = E / (R + r Mukhoza),

kumene ine - panopa, Amperes; E - EMF Volta; R - kukana babu, Ohm; r Mukhoza - EMF gwero impedance, ohms. Monga ntchito chitsanzo cha polojekitiyi kulimbikira kondakitala ndi toggle lophimba sali m'gulu, Popeza n'zosatheka.

Choncho, dera magetsi ndi zigawo zake monga mphamvu zoyendetsera, resistors, capacitors, inductors, semiconductors, ndi zina zotero. Komanso onse izi ziyenera olumikizidwa pamodzi akuwauza kuti kupanga njira yothandizira kuti otaya panopa.

Zambiri dera anawagawa molunjika ndi nthambi. Mbali yoyamba, zinthu zonse constituent akudutsa pano yemweyo (amangoona kuti siriyo kugwirizana ogula). Lachiwiri mlandu ndi zina chinanso chimodzi kapena zingapo nthambi ayenera kuganizira losavuta dera mwa mfundo. Mu ili losanganikirana pawiri anapanga zinthu dera, choncho n'kofunika panopa osefukira nthambi iliyonse ndi osiyana. Apa, nthambi - gawo ili la dera la, mbali zonse za dziko loyenda panopa chomwecho, ndi malekezero zosiyana zomwe olumikiza mfundo ziwiri. Choncho, mfundo za - ichi ndi mfundo dera limene converge nthambi zitatu kapena zambiri. Mu dera zithunzi mfundo zambiri monga amatanthauza mfundo facilitates phwando (kuwerenga).