Zomera chipululu ndi momwe iwo azolowere nyengo louma

Zomera m'chipululu sanali kudziwa mawonekedwe a m'derali ndi nyengo youma. Kujambula malo m'chipululu zimadalira kwambiri pa nthaka kuposa ku zomera. Mbali yapadera ndi muyeso kuphimba kupatulira wake. Unyinji waukulu wa mbewu - mitundu chilala zosagwira (xerophytes kwambiri).

Njira madzi otentha m'chipululu zomera nyengo

Kuthana ndi chosowa lakuthwa chinyezi zomera kuthandiza ena zipangizo, evaporation zoletsa: achepetsa tsamba m'dera ndi pubescence, filimuyi padziko masamba lalikulu makulidwe. filimu imeneyi imatchedwa cuticle; ndi madzi kwathunthu. Nthawi zina zomera m'chipululu ndi mwana masamba mu mawonekedwe a flakes ting'onoting'ono. ntchito tsamba zimagwiridwa ndi zimayambira wobiriwira, wolemera mu chlorophyll.

Kugonjetsa yaitali chilimwe chilala, zomera kukhetsa masamba mu chipululu ndi isanayambike kutentha. zodabwitsazi sizachilendo m'madera louma.

Achilendo kupirira ndi chilala ndi minofu zokoma zomera mchipululu (iwo akutchedwa succulents). Iwo unakhuthala zimayambira kapena masamba. Okonzeka ndi wapadera madzi mwankhanza minofu, zomera, kutunga madzi mu gawo mlengalenga. Kunja nsalu zofunda ndi wandiweyani filimu, ndi cuticle amaziteteza ku evaporation amphamvu. Zomera zimenezi m'chipululu amakhala ochepa kwambiri stomata, amene kumachepetsa imfa chinyezi.

Mu chipululu pali mitundu, si okhoza kulekerera chilala. Zikuphatikizapo ephemeroids ndi ephemera. Iwo amakula yekha mvula, pamene m'chipululu akadali chinyezi osati otentha kwambiri, koma ndi isanayambike yotentha kutenthetsa gawo lawo aboveground afa.

Pali mtundu wina wa zomera chipululu - mapampu chomera, amene ayitanidwa phreatophytes. Ngakhale kutentha kwambiri sikumangotikhudza kuwala mtundu wobiriwira masamba ndi maluwa lotseguka. Izi anafotokoza chifukwa chakuti phreatophytes mizu kwambiri ndi kudutsa mu nthaka (30 m) kuti tikafike bwino ku pansi. Ngamila munga - chitsanzo cha zimenezi.

The otsogolera wa zomera chipululu zake. Zikuphatikizapo tchire, zitsamba ndi ngakhale mitengo ing'onoing'ono (mwachitsanzo saxaul).

Banja la zomera m'chipululu ndi kudalira za mtundu wa zomera mtundu nthaka

M'chipululu zomera za Compositae, nyemba, cruciferous ndi mbewu monga chimanga. Pali ngakhale sedge zomera chipululu. Komabe, ambiri a iwo a banja Chenopodiaceae. Chimakula bwino mu nyengo iyi monga chowawa.

Malinga zikuchokera kwa chipululu pali mchenga, miyala, saline ndi dongo. nthaka kwambiri bwanji khalidwe la zomera. Zomera chipululu Nkofunika makina zikuchokera nthaka, kumene munthu amasonyeza mwa kundipatsako madzi. The zili dongo zomera chipululu potsatira kuchuluka kwa madzi lochokera kwa m'mlengalenga ndi precipitates ndi.

Bzalani otentha chipululu

M'zipululu otentha a Arabia ndi Africa chimakhala chogwidwa ndi udzu osatha ndi zitsamba xerophytic, koma inu mukhoza kuona ndi succulents. Kwathunthu lopanda zomera ndi mchenga milu yokutidwa ndi dera mchere kutumphuka.

The zipululu zotentha pafupi nyanja (Western Sahara, Atacama, Mexico, California), zomera kukula, zokhudza mtundu wa zokoma.

Saltmarshes zomera yokutidwa monga mitengo halophilic ndi zokoma ndi zitsamba (mwachitsanzo, Tamarix, Nitraria) ndipo pachaka Salsola (mwachitsanzo, Salsola, sweda).

Bzalani otentha m'chipululu zokhudza phytocenoses oases, zigwa zazikulu mtsinje ndi deltas, zimasiyana mitundu ina. Kwa zigwa za mitsinje ya zone otentha amakhala ndi mitengo ya kanjedza, oleanders.

chinyezi kuchepekedwa - vuto lalikulu kwa zomera zonse za m'chipululu m'kupita kwa zinthu, iwo taphunzira kusintha kwa chilala yaitali.