Zizimva makoma ake anali opangidwa konkire: luso ndi zolingalira

Siyense mwini wa dziko lako mu abwino lathyathyathya mtunda, kumene kuyenera anapeza kuti zizimva khoma la simenti, ndilo yomanga luso adzakhala anafotokoza m'nkhani, nthawi zambiri chinthu chofunika, okhoza kuchita ngati zokongoletsera munda ndi nyumba, nagawira mu mabacteria . Yomanga ngati eg sangatengedwe kukhala ndi ndondomeko zovuta mu njira ya akhoza kugwiritsa osiyana zongopeka malo kulengedwa.

chipangizo wall

The kusunga linga la simenti, luso yomanga zomwe ziyenela kuyan'anidwa pamene tikugwira ntchito yanu, mwina ndi dongosolo, amene amasankha ntchito yake. Choncho, ena kukongoletsa khoma, pamene ena - kulimbikitsa. Aliyense lakonzedwa kukhudzana ake ndipo imakhala zofunika, kuphatikizapo: m'munsi, thupi, ngalande ndi ngalande. maziko mbali ya mobisa ndi lakonzedwa kupirira kuthamanga nthaka yokoka. Ground gawo ndi thupi, mbali mkati ndi pokhudzana ndi nthaka ndi lazungulira phiri pamalowa. Zakunja mbali kutsogolo ndi lotseguka ndipo akhoza kukhala yosalala kapena beveled maonekedwe. Protection Kulumikizana Oyankhula ngalande ndi ngalande. The ndondomeko mamangidwe kofunika kupereka njira kochotsa chinyezi owonjezera, umene kudziunjikira mkati.

Magawo kumasulira makoma kukaniza

The zida konkire makoma kusunga pazikhalanso pamaso pa aliyense wa zinthu zakumwamba. The njira yokha pazipita zisathe kapangidwe ndi kudzakhala mphamvu kuti tipirire kuthamanga. Choncho ndikofunikira kuwerengera zinthu zimene zimakhudza mphamvu. Mpanda umasokonezeka ndi ena mphamvu, ndicho thupi yake, mphamvu ya mikangano ndi guluu wolimba pansi, kuthamanga nthaka, komanso zinthu zina kulemera. Yotsirizira akhoza wokwera pa khoma.

Impact pa khoma

Nkofunika kuganizira zochitika zimene zimakhudza kamangidwe, monga: kutupa nthaka yozizira, kugwedera (ngati anaika njanji), kutsuka ndi madzi mvula, mphepo ndi zochitika zivomerezi. Poganizira chinthu yamasika, tisaiwale kuti zizimva khoma konkire (kutalika mamita 2 kapena zambiri) adzamva amphamvu mphepo katundu.

yomanga luso

Anafotokoza yomanga ndi mwachilungamo zovuta zomangamanga dongosolo, pamene m'pofunika kuganizira dongosolo enieni zimene kudzadalira kudalilika, mphamvu ndi durability. Kuyamba kumanga nyumba amenewa dothi khola kuti muli dongo miyala, loam ndi mchenga. Pakuti bwinobwino ntchito n'kofunika kukumbukira kuti mlingo wa yozizira koopsa nthaka sayenera kuposa 1.5 mamita kuchokera pamwamba.

Pansi akhale 1 mita, monga chimake akadakwanitsira amachita mlingo wa mamita 1.5 kuchoka pansi. Ngati inu nokha aganiza kuti agwire ntchitoyo, gawo lapadziko a linga sayenera mamita kuposa 1.4. Ngati mukufuna kusunga khoma konkire (kutalika 3 m), ndi bwino kuti asabwerere kwa akatswiri, chifukwa muyenera kuwerengetsera zovuta kuti kuganizira mavuto nthaka ndi kuyenda ake.

Malangizo kwa kumanga maziko

Zizimva khoma zopangidwa konkire, chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona m'nkhani ayenera kukhala maziko odalirika, ngati kapangidwe ali ndi kutalika kuposa 30 masentimita. Choncho m'pofunika kutsatira lamulo, ozikidwa pa akuya makhalidwe maziko nthaka. Kusokonekera ndipo mosavuta nthaka, zakuya m'pofunika kuyala maziko. Ngati nthaka ndi osiyana osalimba, chiŵerengero cha kuya ndi kutalika kwa gawo m'munsi mwa nthaka zizigwirizana ndi chiŵerengero cha 1 4. Ngati azidzagwira ntchito ndi nthaka sing'anga looseness, kuya m'munsi afike 1/3 kutalika thandizo. Ngati nthaka ndi yofewa kwambiri ndi lotayirira, kapangidwe akuya m'munsi ayenera kukhala wolingana 1/2 la kumwamba. Monga mbali ya maziko ayenera kukhala simenti, miyala ndi mwala wosweka, komanso kutalika kwa simenti katundu kapena ting'onoting'ono basi.

Kumatira, ngalande ndi ngalande

Zizimva khoma la simenti, luso ndi zolingalira zomwe mungaphunzire ndi kukhazikitsa paokha, pazikhalanso pamaso pa ngalande ndi kumatira kachitidwe kuti adzaonetsetsa kudalilika ndi durability. Sikokwanira kumanga maziko abwino ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito yomanga mpanda ayenera kutetezedwa chinyezi, zomwe zingathe kusokoneza kwambiri. M'pofunika kuti asindikize mkati thandizo.

Ngalande anapatukana mu kotenga, yopingasa ndi pamodzi. Transversal zikutanthauza ogwiritsa mabowo aliyense wachiwiri ndi wachitatu mzere, awiri awo ayenera kukhala pafupi khumi masentimita. Chubu angakhoze kuikidwa obliquely, ndiye madzi yomweyo kupita pamalo. Ngati mwaganiza kumanga ngalande kotenga, izo zoti khoma pansi pa mlingo maziko. Pakuti ichi corrugated, simenti zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo asibesitosi kapena chubu ceramic ndi awiri a masentimita 10. Zochitika kutembenukira geotextile, umene kuyamwa chinyezi imene imagwera kupyolera mabowo ang'onoang'ono. Pofuna kupewa malowedwe a madzi mu dongosolo zomangamanga, limene lili kutentha m'munsi chifukwa chiwonongeko cha pakhoma m'pofunika kupereka kukhalapo kwa midadada cornice kapena visor ndi otsetsereka pang'ono.

Kuika ngalande wosanjikiza pakati pa khoma ndi nthaka

Ngati mukufuna kusunga khoma la simenti, luso ndi zolingalira ndi manja anu ayenera kuphunzira ndi chopangidwa kwa luso linalake. Njira imene ikukhudza kukhetsa wosanjikiza dongosolo limene lili pakati pa nthaka ndi kapangidwe lokha. Nditamaliza khoma msonkhano angayambe kudzaza danga popangidwa ndi khoma ndi otsetsereka. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka coarse mtundu mwala wa miyala ndi mchenga coarse. Kuti tichite zimenezi brickbats nthawi zambiri ntchito ndi zipangizo zinyalala nyumba.

Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti miyala kudzalimbikitsa ena amaumiriza thandizo, koma adzachita monga wosanjikiza ngalande. The osakaniza ayenera lembani zigawo ngalande, aliyense wosanjikiza munthu kuti sanasindikizidwe. Adalipo ankaona dothi coarse ndi mchenga otengedwa mchenga loam. The kusunga linga la simenti, imene dongosolo njira limafotokoza nkhani ayenera kukhala gawo chapamwamba kuika wosanjikiza, amene chingakhale wa nthaka masamba. Pambuyo ramming wosanjikiza chatha muyenera kusiya chirichonse monga izo ziri kwa masiku angapo popanda kuwononga katundu pamwamba. Kulimbikitsa zipangizo kudzera, adzalandira katundu wawo. Titamaliza ntchito onsewa angathe kuyamba akuphunzitsa pa bwalo.

Features ntchito yomanga mpanda

Kuthira monolith ikuchitika formwork, amene adzachita zishango polygonal kasinthidwe. The zigawo zikuluzikulu amalimbikitsidwa kunja kwa eni kuti formwork anatha kupirira mavuto konkire. Mkati amene anaika ikuthandizira mauna angapo, zomwe zigwirizana ndodo zitsulo ndi chidutswa cha chitoliro. Pakati pawo, iwo ayenera basi anatumizanso lamya. Pa msinkhu wa masentimita 5 kuchoka pansi kukhala zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo machubu pulasitiki zomwe zingatipatse Anabweza kutunga madzi. Mtunda pakati pa iwo akhale 1 mita.

Kupeza yosalala akunja pamwamba mchimake mkati formwork plywood kapena zinthu denga. Ngati mukufuna kusunga khoma la simenti, luso yomanga amene akambidwa mu nkhani, ndiye inu mukhoza kumanga izo kuchokera makhalidwe konkire, popanda pakufunika zolimba. An zida za mamangidwe amapulumutsa simenti, monga yambiri ya miyala kuchuluka.

Mzere woyamba wa zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo youma, ayenera kudzaza voids popangidwa ndi miyala ndi kutsanulira njira yothetsera. Apanso chiwerengero miyala zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo, iwo ayenera anamira mu njira, kupitiriza kugwira ntchito mpaka pamene formwork si adzakhuta. Monga zinachitikira makoma monolithic konkire ayenera muli machubu kwa ngalande madzi.

Yowerengera konkire kwa yomanga mpanda

Zizimva khoma la simenti, ndi mawerengedwe amene mukhoza kudzipereka, kudzazidwa popanda zosokoneza chachikulu, mwinamwake palibe kanthu kadzakulakani kupewa mapangidwe stitches. Pofuna kudziwa mmene konkire kugula, muyenera chimatanthauza buku mkati mwa khoma m'tsogolo. Chifukwa chaichi izo poyamba anatsimikiza dera, kenako kufunika ndi kuchulukitsa ndi kuya kwa mpanda. Zimenezi zingakuthandizeni kudziwa mmene njira ayenera analamula ku fakitale. Koma ngati izi sizingatheke, ndi bwino kubwereka chosakanizira konkire.