Zitsanzo mabuku a kalembedwe chitachitika malemba kulankhula. Kulankhula kalembedwe: lalifupi malemba Zitsanzo

kulankhulana Mwamwayi mu Chingelezi - malongosoledwe ambiri kalembedwe zinchito. Zitsanzo za malemba colloquial kulankhula muli chinenero wamba, ndi zambiri mu iwo akudyetsedwa makamaka pa nkhani za m'banja.

An Baibulo m'kamwa wa kalembedwe ntchito kulankhula tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndicho chifukwa chake ntchito kawirikawiri akuyendera dialogues lapansi.

Nkhaniyi ili ndi tanthauzo loyenera, limafotokoza zinthu, ndipo ikufotokoza zitsanzo za kalembedwe chitachitika malemba kulankhula.

Features

Kalembedwe umene aliyense wa ife akufotokoza maganizo athu, maganizo ndi malingaliro, ndi ndalankhula. Iwo amakhala ndi pakalibe Kusankha chilankhulo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri "oyamba kunena ndipo kenako ndikuganiza."

Pa nthawi yomweyo, chitachitika kalembedwe nthawi zonse mithunzi ya woyankhula payekha - iye anavomereza slang, jargon, etc., si chibadidwe ngati kalembedwe osavuta, ngati bizinesi kapena sayansi.

Mwachitsanzo chitachitika kalembedwe wa kulankhula yochepa lemba:

- I atongwa? - I kuyang'ana powathandiza tchizi. - Adadi anati zokoma.
- Inde, zokoma, kamodzi iye akudya iye dzulo kwa masaya onse!
- Koma iye anali hamster si ngati Kudya nthawi yotsiriza - I anaseka.

Bwino kusiyana slang mawu sizikhudza kwina kulikonse kuposa kukambirana wamba.

Taonani kuti kalembedwe chitachitika ali kwambiri kufooketsedwa ndi zinthu extralinguistic kufunika waukulu ngati nkhope ndi manja, ndi chilengedwe, ndi zina zotero ..

Zizindikiro kalembedwe chitachitika:

• kuphweka;
• limatchula;
• kutengeka machulukitsidwe, nthawizina kwambiri, akuti;
• zithunzi.

Zitsanzo za kalembedwe chitachitika malemba kulankhula akhoza akamagwira chabe kulemba kucheza tsiku ndi tsiku, mwachitsanzo, pakati pa anansi kapena wogula ndi wogulitsa yophika buledi.

Mphamvu kumasukirana kwa kukambirana

The abata kwambiri, ufulu wa kulankhula. Iye amakhala maganizo, ankagwiritsa ntchito mawu colloquial.

Sizachilendo kwa kalembedwe izi - ndi zosabvuta pa mitundu mawu, imfa ya mavawelo, anawaonjezera kuwirikiza kawiri pa mawu, ndipo ntchito suffixes za kuwunika zotengera malingaliridwe - mbali ziwiri zoyambirira makamaka kukula ndi mathamangitsidwe wa mlingo wa kulankhula.

A. P. Chehov, "Kubwezera"

Imasonyeza mbali ya kalembedwe imeneyi ya Anton Pavlovich Chehov mu "Kubwezera" - chitsanzo momveka bwino kalembedwe chitachitika wa kulankhula. Small lemba monologue ali kwambiri kunena pankhaniyi.

nkhani khalidwe akuyamba kulankhula ekpressivnogo: "Open kuti mdierekezi" Tikumbukenso kuti palibe kalembedwe ena salola kutukwana. chiweruzo Chake lotsatira si zochepa kuwulula: "Kodi ine ndiyenera likuzongoka zambiri za izi kudzera-mphepo?" yomanga jerky ake unsembe wa kutengerapo mfundo yosavuta wodzichepetsa. Ichi ndi kalembedwe chitachitika wa kulankhula. Zitsanzo za malemba mabuku pachabe anali zinayambira ndi "Kubwezera" Chekhov.

NKHANI kalembedwe chitachitika

"Kubwezera" ndipo amasonyeza makhalidwe a kalembedwe colloquial:

• zokonda funso ndi mawu akuti ziganizo kutsogolo kwa nkhani;
• ntchito interjections;
• akuti munthu ndi kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ndi kuchepetsedwa kupanga munthu woyamba kapena wachiwiri.

Letter A. S. Pushkina mkazi wake

The kalata, lomwe linalembedwa August 3, 1834 Alexander kwa mkazi wake, Natalia - ndi chochepa lemba chitachitika kalembedwe wa kulankhula (zitsanzo anawagawa maganizo ake kuti mwatsatanetsatane).

Wolemba ndakatulo wotchuka akuyamba ndi mawu awa: ". Manyazi pa inu, mkazi wamng'ono" kuchonderera - bwino mawu colloquial kuti ntchito zinthu tsiku ndi tsiku. Maganizo: "Ndani akufuna kuti anakokera ku tauni chonyansa County kuwona zisudzo wonyansa kusewera chonyansa chonyansa akale opera?" ndipo, "Ndinapempha inu kuti galimoto Kaluga, inde, zikuonekeratu, inunso muli ndi chikhalidwe chotere" - lili mbali zonse za kalembedwe chitachitika wa kulankhula, monga:

• pafupifupi derivational suffixes (mzinda);
• ndi inversion a dongosolo mawu ziganizo;
• ntchito dala mawu olemekeza mawu, umene uli makamaka pa malamulo a chinenero cha Chirasha izo lilibe (Kaluga - Kaluga pa);
• kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ambiri ntchito pakali pano.

njira lexical

Kukamba kalembedwe wa kulankhula (zitsanzo za m'malemba lalifupi ndi ikufotokozedwanso mu njira ya nkhani) amagwiritsa zotsatirazi njira lexical:

• Zining'a;
• diminutive suffixes;
• limaonetseratu ndi maganizo ochekenera mawu;
• mawu chidule ndi truncation;
• suffixes za kuwunika zotengera malingaliridwe.

ziwembu Standard ndi akalumikidzidwa ankayimira

Tsiku lililonse chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mawu lachibadwa, osakonzekera - anthu ntchito posonyeza, sindiri kusamala za mitundu mawu, ndipo popanda kuganiza iwo. Chifukwa nthawi zina, ngakhale kawirikawiri, mungathe kumva yomanga muyezo olakwika ena lililonse zenizeni zochitika tsiku ndi tsiku. Ngati tikulingalira wawufupi chitachitika kalembedwe wa kulankhula zitsanzo za sitolo adzakhala motere: ". Magalamu mazana atatu Cookie ... Ganizirani pa khumi Chonde ndipatseni phukusi la mafuta". Zoyendera anthu, "Inu kutuluka pa lotsatira ine pa airship, kumene ndipita kwa mathirakitala adzatenga ???"

zodyera mitundu amagwiritsidwa kumanga. Ndipotu, ngati ndife osakonzekera ndi zochepa ofunda, sizitanthauza kuti iye anali wamwano wopanda ulemu komanso kwambiri.

"Moni, m'mawa wabwino, muli bwanji, chatsopano," - apa ndiye dongosolo anakhazikitsa, omwe Musataye kufunika awo pokambirana. Mwachitsanzo chitachitika kalembedwe wa kulankhula - yaing'ono lemba kukambirana chabe anakumana comrades - mu 99% milandu adzakhala muli mawu awa.

umunthu

Pachifukwa chomwechi, akulembayo, monga afotokozera mu m'ndime, zimatengera umunthu ndi m'maganizo. Choncho, ngakhale akalumikidzidwa stereotypical ndi mapulani zosawerengeka, ndipo nthawi ina, kapena kuti ali otchuka mu mabwalo ena, kapena M'malo mwake, kuchokera mwa izo, anapanga lotha, ndiye Komabe, nthawi zina kubwerera. Koma mpweya mwamwayi kulankhulana sikupatsa malire ofunda - anthu akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kapena ayi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndi okhazikika bwino mawu a kusankha kwawo. njira Untyped ndi zimene amapereka khalidwe la mawu papulatifomu.

"Chinjoka Mbiri"

Yuliya Galanina chake "chinjoka Mbiri" monyadira m'mlengalenga wapadera, chifukwa ntchito osati kukambirana, koma m'buku lonse, chitachitika kalembedwe. Nazi zitsanzo za m'malemba lalifupi:

"Ndipo ine nthawizonse ndimakonda kuposa wina. Popanda ine palibenso wopusa wina pa mpanda si zimene mumafuna."
"Ndipo chinjoka -.! Chinthu chowopsya ndi zoipa, ndi onyansa, ndi moona mtima wodzikonda ndipo ngakhale chinjoka"

phonetics

Mwa njira chinenero, amene ntchito pa mlingo phonetic a chinenero mu kalembedwe chitachitika, zochitika zazikulu ziwiri:

• Zosabvuta, cropping, psinjika, mwachitsanzo ndi mtundu chosakwanira cha katchulidwe. Izi si chuma kuvomerezedwa, kumene kungakhale chitachitika kalembedwe wa kulankhula. Zitsanzo malemba (kalasi 5, ndi njira, m'madera ena, kuphunzira buku pa pulogalamu sukulu) - "Harry Muumbi ndi Wafilosofi a Stone," "Harry Muumbi ndi Komiti Zinsinsi" ndi zina zakuti. Mbali wamba ananena khalidwe Hagrid. Ikuchokera pa "wamndende wa Azkaban ..." "Iye ali chinthu choyamba m'mawa ... tsopano anatsanzika sitingakhoze, anati, ali pangozi ngati ... bwino, kachiwiri izi zimachitika .." Mwatsoka, omasulira Russian sanamvetse kusonyeza mitundu yonse mawu wosalira, m'mipukutu yoyambirira zowoneka kwambiri, koma mu ndimeyi ndi kale zotheka kuti asonyeze "grit" chimene amatanthauza, "iye akutero."
• Intonation ngati khalidwe zaumwini kuti emotsialnalno Madontho aliyense, ngakhale stereotypical dongosolo. Mwachitsanzo chitachitika kalembedwe wa kulankhula - lemba ka nkhani "Wonenedwa nkhani ya" wolemba O. Henry: "Inu ndinu Bambo Phineas C. Gooch?" - anati mlendo, ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu ake intonation yomweyo wamba-kufufuza, kuvomereza ndi chilango.

Mawu ndi phraseology

Language zikutanthauza ofanana msinkhu lexical ndi phraseological:

• Chiwerengero cha kulankhulana bwino chogwidwa ndi ndale konkire lotanthauzira wamba, amatchedwanso mezhstilevaya. Ndi maziko a chinenero. Ndale lotanthauzira mawu limati chakuti, choncho alibe kupenta maganizo ndi / kapena limaonetseratu. Izi zimapangitsa zosunthika mwina ntchito kalembedwe iliyonse: onse kulankhula ndi mu ntchito, asayansi journalistic. Zitsanzo za malemba colloquial kulankhula ndi mawu ndale (Ndipotu, chinenero woyambitsa wa m'mabuku, koma, mwina, nkhani ndi ofanana ndi mtundu wanyimbo ake kwakukulukulu yekha lili ndi mawu mezhstilevaya) - ndi "bilimankhwe" Antona Pavlovicha Chehova ndi "Teddy "Yuri Pavlovich Kazakov.
• Ndale colloquial lexicon. Pamafunikanso mawu monga "dona dokotala", "kumvetsa" ndi ena.
• Terminology: ndi umoyo ndale ambiri sayansi nomenclature.
• Mumtima akuti colloquial lexicon. Iwo akhoza kunyamula oipa kapena ziyenera positive. mawu onse ndi anawagawa m'magulu atatu, chimene: 1) ziyenera ali m'gulu tanthauzo kwambiri mawu; 2) Mophiphiritsa; 3) mawu m'gulu zotengera malingaliridwe kuwunika suffixes. lotanthauzira Iyi ndi applicable epithet ya "kunena kuti anali".
• Yovomerezeka wophiphiritsa njira. Iwo mafanizo Zining'a, okokomeza ndi litotes. "Ife kumwa mbale mwachimbulimbuli kukhala" (M. Yu.Lermontov). Izi fanizo luso kulankhula hue omwewo ndiwo onse wamba chomwecho. Mwachitsanzo chitachitika kalembedwe wa kulankhula mawu-m'mudzi: "- Kodi - Ndipo, mwachizolowezi, anati, kubooleza - Pakuti aliyense, ndikadakuuzani nkhawa, ngati zimenezi akuswa - kenako Heather ngati nkhandwe wakunyengeza chilichonse?.! ! "
• Luso jargon. Dziwani kuti nthawi iliyonse ya ndimeyi kulankhula kwenikweni Nthawi zambiri ambiri zipangizo otchulidwa pano: zikhoza sikusonyeza chuma chokha. Motero, kukambirana pamwamba kupatula mafanizo "kuchenjera ngati nkhandwe" ndi slang mawu "kunyengeza".

kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe

• Nominative kumachitika kawirikawiri kuposa ena.
• Chogwidwa ndi akuti munthu ndi woonekeratu ndi adverbs ndi particles.
• Mgonero sikawirikawiri ntchito, gerund - pafupifupi konse.
• Malire a mitundu kwa kanthawi ali amaona. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ali ndi ufulu kusintha ndipo sagwiritsa ntchito mu tanthauzo lake.
• Pali interjections mawu.

Mwachitsanzo chitachitika kalembedwe - yaing'ono lemba-kukambirana kuti chikusonyeza kwambiri morphological chinenero mlingo wa nkhaniyi:

- Iye wabwerera - inkaweyulidwa Peter.
- Kodi - kumeneko? - ndinamupempha.
- Eya, pali shopu. Zamgululi. Amayi anapempha kuti skimp - choncho anaganiza kuthamanga mofulumira.
- Ndi gallop mbathawa -. Lamanja ndi lamanzere "

malembedwe

• Mu kalembedwe chitachitika ziganizo yosavuta ntchito zambiri kuposa slozhnosochinennye kapena pawiri. yomanga awo amakhala ngati "mukulumikiza pamodzi" pa wina ndi mzake, ndi concreteness mfundo opatsirana.
• Nthawi zambiri pali ziganizo chosakwanira, makamaka, alibe mawu aakulu.
• Kapangidwe ka sanali liniya, nthawi zina patchy. Zosokoneza intonation ndi mawu anamanganso pa amapita - zotsatira za mawu lachibadwa. Kukamba kalembedwe mosavuta anavomereza ntchito yogwira nyumba kulumikiza, m'mawu oyambirira ndi mitundu yonse ya particles.
• Mezhdometnyh mawu akuti njira kufotokoza malingaliro kalembedwe chitachitika.
• Free mawu kuti - ndi zofunika zambiri zimaonekera mu malo oyamba (ngakhale iwo safunika).

chinenero mabuku ndi kulankhula

Kulankhula mu mawu ake oyera kuposa onse a m'kamwa. Mu zosemasema iye akusowa njira yapadera kuchitsanzira. wolemba akhoza kulemba mawu pafupi olankhulidwa, koma nthawi zambiri amazigwiritsa ntchito kukambirana pakati pa anthu otchulidwa. Motero, aliyense khalidwe akumveka payekha.

Small lemba chitachitika kalembedwe wa kulankhula (zitsanzo za "Mtima wa Dog ndi" ndi Bulgakov): "bawdy flatlet Koma mmene Ndipo chimene chani Ine anafunikira n'zotheka kuti moyo adzasiya Apa eccentric Bwanji, iye yekha diso m'kuphethira, iye anali ngati ..?. galu obzavolsya awonongedwa kuti. "

Ife kwathunthu ankaona kalembedwe chitachitika wa kulankhula zitsanzo malemba. Kalasi 5 maphunziro kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira masitaelo zinchito za kulankhula, koma analankhula - izi ndi kalembedwe kuti kumachitika nthawi zonse, tsiku lililonse, ndipo mwaluso ndi chilengedwe (makamaka iwo).

Pofuna kusonyeza kalembedwe chitachitika wa kulankhula zitsanzo mawu m'mabuku kale zapatsidwa pamwambazi. Chofanana kukhala ndi chabe zimasonyeza maganizo nawo.

newspaperese

Kodi wina angathe kutsatira kalembedwe chitachitika ya kulankhula? Zitsanzo za malemba manyuzipepala - funso zambiri maganizo. Utolankhani, ndipo ndithudi pali zinthu achilendo kwa iye. Manyuzipepala yakuti "kuyandikira kwa anthu" ndi zophimbidwa ndi mawu stereotyped ku moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Koma kokha kalembedwe nyuzipepala sangathe adzatchedwa chitachitika kwathunthu. Ngati tikambirana kalembedwe chitachitika wa kulankhula mawu kochepa zitsanzo zambiri kuchokera zosemasema.