Woimirira wa mileme - kumpoto mleme

Nyama zonse, mileme kuti ambiri chifukwa udani. Kumakhudzana ndi nthano za MIZUKWA, ndipo chifukwa chake mu zina? Kaya. Mmodzi wa akuluakulu a nyama ovuta, kumpoto mleme, chidwi kwambiri chifukwa njira yake yapadera ya moyo. Ndipo ziribe kanthu momwe squeamish mukhoza a nyama pang'ono, muyenera kuganizira madalitso ambiri anadza naye.

Kufotokozera za mitundu

Izi a mileme kuti - nyama ya kukula sing'anga. Kumpoto mleme, malongosoledwe a lopatsidwa pansipa, zimakhudza chiŵerengero cha wingspan awo kukula thupi. Ngati kutalika thupi masentimita 4,9-6,4 yekha, chikhato - 24-28 masentimita Mapiko ananena, yopapatiza (poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina mileme) .. Mchira waufupi, mpaka 5 cm yaitali, ndipo nsonga mutuluka kuchokera interfemoral Kakhungu 4-5 mm.

Khutu chikopa jekete dzenje anamaliza pamwamba, ndi khungu woonda ali ndi ubweya wakuda. Pakhomo la ngalande khutu ili yochepa anamaliza kugundana pamwamba pa chichereŵechereŵe lapansi.

Ubweya nyama yaitali wakuda. Kaya tsitsi kumbuyo nthawi pang'ono akuda kuposa pamimba. Ku ziwalo zina za kumuwombera mleme ichi, mungaone chithunzi zosiyana golide wachikuda pamwamba pa tsitsi, nthawizina ndi zachitsulo Sheen. Mu ena toyesa ya nsonga golide anayikidwa okha pamodzi lokwera, kani kuposa kudutsa kumbuyo. luster khalidwe pafupifupi imperceptible pa molting nyama.

Ubweya kungakhale mdima-bulauni, ndiye pabuka-bulauni pamimba. mleme kumpoto greyish-chikasu mithunzi ndi paunch kuchokera woyera anapezeka ku Tuva. Akulongosola anthu ndi chokoleti zofiirira ndi mimba chikasu. Mu mdima, mtundu pafupifupi wakuda komanso utoto kuipanikiza.

Kozhanok - chilombo, kotero nsagwada ndi zida 32-34 mano. Dentition oimira mitundu zotsatirazi:

• cutters - 2/3;
• 1/1 canines;
• premolars - 1-2 / 2;
• molars - 3/3.

Thupi ranges 8 mpaka 14 magalamu, opepuka mafupa, amene amalola yaing'ono nyama ntchentche.

M'dera la yogawa

Mwa onse odziwika mleme mleme kumpoto ndi kugonjetsedwa kwambiri kutentha otsika. Chifukwa imeneyi, nyama tikhoza kuthetsa pa dera la Europe ndi ku Asia - m'nkhalango-Titafika pamalo kwa nayonso Siberia. Mungathe kukumana naye mu theka-m'chipululu cha dziko la Tuva, ndi Caucasus mapiri, pa dera la Mongolia ndi Sakhalin Island. Mpaka mochedwa yophukira kozhanok mwachangu amapha.

mtundu wa mileme ndi Republic of Belarus. Tidapeza izo kwa nthawi yoyamba mu 1934 mayiko a Berezinsky malo, ndipo kenako - mu Bialowieza Forest. Iwo kozhanok m'gulu pangozi m'dzikoli.

Monga mukuonera, m'dera la nyama ndi lonse, koma view umamumvera ikutha. Izi chikugwirizana ndi yogwira kafukufuku speleological, ndi kuwonongeka kwa malo, ndiponso kudula mitengo, imene mileme wamoyo. Ngati nthawi si nyamulani kusamala nyama zimenezi, n'zotheka ndithu kuti mitundu idzapita asanafike ingathandize kufufuza.

njira ya moyo

The moyo wa mitundu - zaka 15. Iwo yozizira m'magulu ang'onoang'ono ongokhala 20-30 anthu (samochki). Amuna amakonda kukhala yekha. Pa otsika kutentha, ndi kubisala ozizira cavities ndi makungwa a mitengo, mu mapanga kapena pansi pa madenga a nyumba, ngalande kapena m'maenje. Koma mwamsanga pamene thermometer kusonyeza kutentha pamwamba ziro, iwo kusiya wintering chokani pa kusakasaka basi dzuwa litalowa.

Iwo akukonda chakudya woodland kapena pa nsonga ya nkhalango, m'misewu kapena pafupi ndi anthu azikhalamo. Kudzuka mkulu, 30 m, deftly, msanga ndipo kawirikawiri kukupiza mapiko, ayendetsa kumpoto mleme. Kodi wadya izo, mupempha? tizilombo zonse zouluka kugwera mano zakuthwa nyama - njenjete ndi cutworms, loopers ndi njenjete, odzigudubuza masamba ndi weevils, kafadala, kafadala kuleza nyanga ndi anthu oledzera. Kudya, mleme amathandiza kuchotsa tizirombo nkhalango ndi mbewu kupulumutsa zokolola.

Kamodzi mu mphanga, kunyumba kwa chambiri mileme, inu mudzakhala kuyembekezera squeak ndi tsvirkanem kudzera amene kulankhulana kumachitika pakati pa anthu. Aliyense mtundu, ndi mleme kumpoto kuphatikizapo, ali osiyanasiyana chizindikiro audio. Chifukwa mitundu wathu ndi khalidwe chizindikiro mu osiyanasiyana 5 25 kHz. Koma ntchito Ndikamuone izi, osati kokha kwa kulankhulana. Mothandizidwa ndi chinyama "anaona" ndipo akhoza kuyenda ngakhale mu mdima.

Ndi isanayambike yozizira, anthu ena anagwidwa kum'mwera, ndi gawo amakhalabe malo ndipo amabisa mu malo wintering.

Mating, mimba, pobereka

Mating mileme awa akhala pang'ono kuphunzira, koma ife tikudziwa kuti iwo anapangidwa yekha kamodzi pachaka - mu kugwa. Nthawi imeneyi, amuna ndi akazi akhoza kukhala moyandikana, mu mpumulo wa nthawi amuna amakonda kukhala yekha. Zima wamkazi akukumana kale pakati. Ndipo oyambirira kapena m'ma chilimwe amabadwa ana. Chibala mleme ndi (zithunzi nyama amapatsidwa m'nkhani) kawirikawiri awiri, mmodzi wa ng'ombe.

Ngakhale mu ndege, anthu mkazi akulera ana awo kukhwima zogonana, zimene pambuyo miyezi khumi. Amuna pophunzira achinyamata samenya nawo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti achinyamata Kozhankov mokwanira zambiri kukhomedwa mileme chambiri mitundu ina, monga mileme ndi mleme. Ndipo anthu amene mulibe galimoto kutali.

Mwina kudziwa nyama zothandiza, ife imfayo mwamantha ataona mileme zouluka m'mlengalenga usiku. Ndipotu, iwo ndi anansi athu, zomwe mbali yofunika kwambiri mu vuto la chikhalidwe ndi kukhala ndi ufulu wokhala ndi moyo.