Russian Desman: kufotokoza, chidwi zenizeni ndi zithunzi

Russian Desman - cholengedwa chodabwitsa, omasuka kumverera Padziko Lapansi zoposa 30 miliyoni zaka. Monga kale, ndi lero, maonekedwe a mtsinje nyama kooneka ngati makoswe ang'ono ndi a m'banja la Mfuko kwa mphamvu yake kukumba kamakumba una kwambiri, sanasinthe.

Russian Desman: kufotokoza

Komabe, ngati thunthu, ndi mphuno yaitali, yoteroyo ndi zala Ngati a Bakha, laterally wothinikizidwa yaitali mchira yokutidwa ndi mamba tentha mthupi ndipo lalikulu galimoto kudya ndipo motsatana phompho. Russian muskrat ali wabwino streamlined torso; mimba ya siliva woyera wake, kumbuyo - bulauni. mtundu Izi zimapangitsa nyama pafupifupi wosaoneka madzi, umene ananamizira ngati chilengedwe. Ubweya wandiweyani zokwanira ndi zisanyowe, monga nyama pogwiritsa ntchito miyendo yakumbuyo lubricates musk makamaka umatulutsa, yomwe ili m'munsi mwa zopangitsa mchira. Masomphenya pa Russian Desman ali sunayambe, kusowa kwake kwathunthu azilipira m'njira yabwino kununkhiza. Kumva kuchokera Desman ngakhale bwino akupangidwa koma ena peculiarities. Iwo akhoza kwathunthu kunyalanyaza anthu kulankhula, koma flinch pa kuwaza pang'ono madzi, hrustnuvshey muzitha mphukira, ndi rustle la udzu wouma.

Nora - Russian Desman Malo okondedwa

Russian muskrat ankaona kukhala chete otaya danga (nyanja ndi zinkapezeka m'madzi), amakonda kukumba maenje, zovuta yaitali (pa 10 mamita). The omasuka, ndi zomera nkhalango, magombe anasanja ndikuyenda lonse la una wa mobisa, makomo zibisika pansi wosanjikiza madzi. Mu kugwa kwa madzi a nyama amakakamizidwa zokulitsa ndime mobisa, kamodzinso kuwatsogolera iwo pansi padziko mtsinje. Komanso Russian muskrat zimapangitsa lalifupi dzenje ndi chipinda ndi zinyalala yonyowa kumene yozizira nazo mpweya okwanira pamene ikuyenda pansi ayezi. Kwenikweni, kamera mu kamakumba una amatumikira nthawi yopuma ndi zakudya.

The muskrat Russian amalidyetsa

Chakudya hohuli (kotero anamsemera dzina Russian muskrat mu Russia) mu kasupe, chilimwe ndi autumn nthawi ndi amenewa, nkhanu, tizilombo m'madzi ndi mphutsi yawo, zomera bog. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi muskrat Russian sadzasiya dzanzi chule, kusowa kwa nsomba yaing'ono, bivalves. Mu kamakumba una zina kudziunjikira milu ya nyenyeswa chakudya - chimodzimodzi chimene muyenera ndi nyama yaing'ono: chakudya chokwanira ndi dziwe zabwino ndi mabowo omasuka makhalidwe. Nthawi zina ingested kulemera tsiku wofanana ndi unyinji wa chinyama.

Kusamalira ana

Mphukira (kwa ana wina ndi zisanu) muskrat kungachititse kawiri pa chaka. Young, miyeso si upambana magalamu 3.2 zimaswa ting'onoting'ono wakhungu wausiwa. Komabe, masabata pambuyo awiri thupi kale yokutidwa ndi tsitsi. 23-24 tsiku, mayi ayamba kudziwa iwo ndi dziko. M'mwezi wa nyama teething, iwo akuyesera mphutsi tizilombo ndiponso nkhono nyama. Amathandiza wamkazi, zodabwitsa ndi wachikondi mayi kusamalira mbewu ya bambo. Ngati akuluakulu kusiya burrow, ana Pankhaniyi mosamala kuphimba "bulangeti" ya zomera. Pamene tikuyandikira ngozi mayi kumbuyo patsogolo ana m'malo mtendere. Kwa miyezi 7-8 mbewu mwakula adziimire paokha ndi kusiya nyumba.

Ngozi iliyonse

Zachisangalalo muskrat ndi za 5 zaka, malinga zilibe kufupikitsa zinthu kunja. Izi zikhoza kukhala zosayembekezereka yozizira Yokwerera wa madzi, mudzaze dzenje, imene banja lonse akhoza kuphedwa. Kupulumuka anthu anathawira ku splavinah kapena mwachangu kukumba kamakumba una afika malo otetezedwa. Muskrat, wopanda pogona achilengedwe, ndi malingaliro, chimene chimapangitsa izo mosavuta mbalame zolusa, agalu raccoon, nkhandwe, makoswe imvi ndi mink. M'chaka muskrat anasamukira ku matupi wapafupi wa madzi, kusintha malo mwachizolowezi, iye akuyang'ana kutali (pazipita 5-6 Km from kunyumba zawo).

Mu madzi Russian muskrat kuyembekezera choopsa nsomba, Pike, mlamba ndi lalikulu mtsinje nsomba. Mu youma yotentha nyama sangakhoze kuima kusintha nthawi ndi malo abwino kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka panjira. Ngakhale mu dzenje lake pali ngozi amadwala ziboda za ng'ombe zakutchire, mosavuta kuwononga ili pa pamwamba pa bowo.

Lachitatu muskrat malo bwinobwino nawo ndi beavers, nthawi zina masuku pamutu kunkhondo awo ndi kamakumba una. Ubale wa nyama akuonekera kulemekezana. Panali konse chifukwa chakuti muskrat Beaver ndinakwera ku mpumulo kumbuyo kuti yotsirizira zowawa mwakachetechete.

Onani Russian Desman

Ambiri amachita chidwi ndi maonekedwe chidwi ngati muskrat Russian, malinga ndi apoyera n'zovuta moti: ali osamala kwambiri ndi pokes mphuno ake pamwamba pa madzi (kupuma) m'mawa kapena madzulo. Onetsani njira ya moyo wa nyama sapereka mwayi wonse kudutsa zinsinsi zake, ziribe kanthu momwe lalikulu ndi chilakolako. Zovuta kudziwa chimodzimodzi kumene muskrat Russian moyo. Chidwi mfundo anamuona abusa: m'madera a maenje a ng'ombe nyama anakana kumwa madziwo. Zogona muskrat burrow amapereka kulimbikira musky fungo, chifukwa cha zomwe mpaka m'ma 17 izo ncho ndi chinyama. Mu Russia, ndi muskrat zouma tailed ankatembenukira pamtima kabudula, kenako chinsinsi musk zopangitsa anayamba ntchito pakampani mafutawo monga fungo fixative wa mafuta akununkhira. Moyipa Zimakhudzanso kuli nsomba oletsedwa muskrat chachikulu ndi ntchito unyolo zitsulo ndi "elektrosachkov", amene adawononga osati nsomba, komanso invertebrates m'madzi - chakudya waukulu abwampini.

Poaching - ngozi zofunika nyama za m'madzi

Wapatali ubweya Russian Desman kwachititsa poaching mu nyama chisoni njira anakhudzidwa manambala ake. Mu 1835 chilungamo mu Nizhny Novgorod anali zimagulitsidwa 100 000 zikopa za nyama zimenezi, mu 1913 - 60 000. Predation nyama mtsinje kwachitika zaka zambiri, choncho lero Russian Desman (Red Book akutsimikizira zimenezi) imapezeka mu malo ochepa analengeza kuteteza malo. Iwo Ural Mtsinje beseni ndi Don, wa Volga, kapena m'malo ena a malo awo. Pa nthawi, malinga ndi katswiri pa chiwerengero chiwerengero cha Russian Desman ndi 35 000 anthu.

anthu, zochita za anthu kuyambitsa kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha nyama; kudula mitengo uyu, yomanga mabeseni madzi pa gombe - zamakolo malo muskrat, madzi kuipitsidwa ndi zinyalala mafakitale, ngalande madzi. Ngakhale wamba kukhalapo anthu pa dziwe ndi chifukwa cha kudzikonda akuona wosakhazikika Russian muskrat. The Red Book of Russia ndi Ukraine patsamba wolembedwa vuto watsopano wa anthu Russian muskrat chipulumutso ndi kuteteza amene anazilenga wapadera nkhokwe: Hopersky, Oka, Klyazma.