Anthu dentition. Tanthauzo lake ndi zimene yonse ya mitunduyi kulibe

Mano ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi dzuwa la ufulu kutafuna kutukwana. Iwo kutenga mbali kutafuna, kupuma chitukuko cha mapangidwe mawu ndi kulankhula. Mano sangathe okha kuwonjezeredwa, ndi mphamvu zawo - yekha kuwonekera. Dentition ndi chidziwitso wake amathandiza kuti chisamaliro zonse mano ndi mpata kuganizira matabwa a mano.

njira mano kalembedwe

Mu mano madokotala matenda a mtima ndi mayiko makadi ake ntchito manambala enieni. Ndondomeko ya udindo wa onse mano nthawi yodziwika ndi chilinganizo wapadera wotchedwa "dentition anthu." Mu mfundo zosiyanasiyana gulu la mano, ntchito yofanana ndi amaimira mawerengero Arabic Aroma ndiponso makalata. Pali ena machitidwe mano kudziwika. Izi njira muyezo wa Zsigmondy-Palmer, ndi chiphunzitso mayiko Viola ndi Haderupa dongosolo ndi chiphunzitso multifunction alphanumeric.

System Zsigmondy-Palmer

Chilinganizo mano Kwenikweni pa chiphunzitso cha digito lalikulu-Zsigmondy-Palmer, amene anali ovomerezeka mu 1876. peculiarity ake ndi onse mano wamkulu amalembedwa ndi mawerengero Arabic kuchokera 1 mpaka 8. Ana liwerengedwa ndi mawerengero achiroma ine V.

Chiphunzitso awiri manambala Viola

Ndipo anavomereza ndi la International Owona Zamano Federation mu 1971. Mu njira imeneyi, m'munsi ndi chapamwamba nsagwada anawagawa quadrants anayi mano 8. Wamkulu munthu ali quadrants - 1, 2, 3, 4, ndi ana - 5, 6, 7, 8. Choncho, nusu chiwerengero akusonyeza manambala yoyamba. A manambala chachiwiri ndi dzino chiwerengero (1 8). Anthu dzino chilinganizo chiwembu amene amathandiza kuyenda kapangidwe ka pachibwano.

Chotero dongosolo imatengedwa kuti ndi yabwino ntchito, popeza palibe makalata ndi mizere. Ndipo pankhani imeneyi, mu ofesi ya udindo mano, mungathe kumva kuti izo zidzakhala zofunikira azisamalila 34 kapena 47. dzino, ndi mwana - mphindi 51 kapena mphindi 83. Koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti munthu wamkulu 47 ndi 83 pa mwana wa mbuzi.

dongosolo Haderupa

Chiphunzitso ichi, kudziwa malo mano ntchito Arabic manambala. Mfundo pamwamba ndi chizindikiro "+", ndipo pansi chizindikiro "-". mano mkaka amaoneka ngati manambala 1 mpaka 5 ndi Kuwonjezera ziro, ndi zizindikiro ndi "+" ndi "-" poyerekeza ndi molars.

Multifunctional alphanumeric njira

dongosolo lino anazindikira mwa American Owona Zamano bungwe satsutsa kuti dzino aliyense pa mndandanda ali nambala yake ya akulu ndi kalata - ana. Ochuluka iyenera kuchitikira lamanzere, kuyambira dzino chapamwamba chabwino, ndiyeno kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja pa mzere pansi.

dentition anthu, dera chimene chinaperekedwa kamodzi anayamba ntchito kuti mankhwala, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu phunziro mwatsatanetsatane za ndondomeko ya mano mu dongosolo chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi nsagwada. Mukhoza ndizolowere chikukoka, pofuna kumvetsa mmene kuyang'ana ngati mano mu malo lotseguka pachibwano.

mano ng'ombe ndi

mano osasamba dana ndi m'malo mwa ana pa muzu, monga ulamuliro, mu gulu zaka 6-7. Koma pali zina ena kusiyana mu zaka izi, zokhudzana ndi makhalidwe makamaka a chamoyo. Dentition akhoza kukhala wothandizira mu kuphunzira zinthu izi.

Kuona mmene adzakhala kusinthidwa mano mopepuka kumvetsa kulunjika dentoalveolar kapangidwe ndi kulunjika ake. Ngakhale kuti alipidwa mkaka mano tadulidwa pambuyo mwana theka la chaka, iwo anapanga mu magawo oyambirira mimba. Ndi ndithu yaitali ndi zovuta ndondomeko, amene anamaliza pa trimester wachitatu wa mimba. Ndipo mwamsanga pamene mwana wabadwa, iye anayamba kutuluka ndi zoyambira za mano okhazikika. Ndipo pankhani imeneyi tiyenera kusamalira thanzi la mano mitundu monga matenda caries mwana dzino mwina kusokoneza nyongolosi ya zamakolo.

pali kusiyana Kodi

Dzino chilinganizo anapereka deciduous mano ali kusiyana ndi nthawi zonse. An wamkulu - 32 mano, mwana - 20 mkaka. Kawirikawiri mano deciduous kumachitika pamene kale kudula mizu. Nthawi zambiri makolo nkhawa chifukwa chakuti zotsatira za kuphulika, ndipo imfa akhozanso kukopeka ndi ululu mwana wawo. Koma ku mbali yaikulu ya nkhawa zawo pachabe, chifukwa Baibulo ili kwenikweni mulibemo. Zilinso kuti nthawi yokonza dongosolo mano kuti m'malo mano, pang'onopang'ono anayamba kutha mizu mkaka. Ndipo ndicho chifukwa mano ayamba kukhala lotayirira ndi akugwa, ndipo mu malo awo kukula mpaka kalekale. Childs, chitukuko chikuchitika ndi incisors m'munsi. Mano dana pang'onopang'ono, ndi gawo lonse chimakhala cha zaka 6 mpaka 8.

Dentition ana

Mwatsatanetsatane matenda kapena chilinganizo mkaka mano mwana kunena mawerengero achiroma mu fomu iyi:

V IV III II Ine II III IV V

V IV III II Ine II III IV V

Choncho, aliyense theka la nsagwada chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi ali awiri zotsogola mizere (I, ndi II), 2 lalikulu okhazikika dzino (IV ndi V), ndipo canine 1 (III), ang'onoang'ono mano molar zikusowa, nsagwada lonse mano 20.