Wamba ndani? Kodi chimasiyanitsa State ku m'mphawi serf

Farmer - ndi m'modzi wa ophunzira waukulu magulu a anthu Russian mu akale Russia, ntchito yaikulu ndi ulimi. Chifukwa chakuti kwa nthawi yaitali mu Russia, ambiri okhalamo anali anthu amenewa molimba, nthawi iyi mu mbiri ya dziko lathu n'chothandiza kwambiri. Mapangidwe wamba ukugwa pa zana lakhumi-cisanu. Kale ukapolo misa anagulitsidwa kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi-chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri. Farmer - ndi koposa zonse, munthu amene alibe boma ndi ufulu chuma.

ndi gulu la anthu serf Kodi

Kuyambira m'zaka khumi anayamba kulamulira nyengo ya serfdom. Amene zachokera mwinimunda serf makamaka ntchito pa mbuye, ndiyeno yekha. Pokhala ichi, kuti kuphwanya aliyense wa mlimi, zokhudzana udindo mgwirizano, Zinali zololeka pansi chilango logwirika. Ikani khamu sikuloledwa kwa ndikulonjeza, kugulitsa, kapena kungopereka, chifukwa anali chuma cha mwanaciro munda. Pofika m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri, serfdom anali kale pafupifupi theka la anthu. Ndi ntchito zawo pamene kulenga maziko pofuna kukwaniritsa boma.

wamba boma

Kukhalabe nezakreposchennoe anthu chinkhoswe mu ulimi, mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu anali formalized wamba boma. Iwo ankakhala pa maiko onse ndi kuchita ntchito mokomera maulamuliro, komanso misonkho ku cuma. State mlimi Choncho ankaona panokha ufulu.

Chifukwa cha katundu zigawo mpingo boma chinawonjezeka chiwerengero cha anthu wamba boma. Komanso, chiwerengero chawo kudzadza chifukwa ndege ya serfs kuchokera m'midzi, komanso ndi alendo ochokera kumayiko ena.

Mosiyana ndi boma la serfs ndi

Akukhulupirira kuti korona wamba a Sweden anali chitsanzo kwa mtima wa mwalamulo wamba boma. Choyamba iwo anali ufulu. Mosiyana serfs, boma wamba analoledwa nawo mayesero. Iwo anapatsidwa ufulu kulowa wotuluka ndi katundu. State mlimi - ndi "ufulu okhala kumidzi" amene akhoza kukonza malonda ritelo ndi yogulitsa, komanso kutsegula fakitale kapena mbewu. Serfs okhala bwino kuti anali ufulu wawo kwathunthu wokwatibwa ndi mwanaciro munda. State mlimi - izi ndi membala zosakhalitsa wambiri boma. Ngakhale izi, pali milandu wotuluka awo monga mwini dziko.

Mavuto ndi mavuto serfdom

Amaya kusakhutira ndi za wosiyana anthu. Kumwa masuku pamutu ndi landlords chikwiyire zachiwawa ndi kupanduka. Yaikulu wamba chiwembu anali nkhondo, zimene wolamulira Stepan Razin, chimene chinafika kwa 1670 kwa zaka 1671. Mokweza anakhalanso wamba kugalukira kutsogoleredwa ndi EI Pugachev, chimene chinafika kwa 1773 mpaka 1775.

Koma kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu akuluakulu Russian kuganizira za vuto kuli serfdom. Malamulo ndi chuma zinthu sankasangalala ndi kalasi ochuluka kuposa dziko.

1861 anali zoopsa: Alexander II ikuchitika kusintha dziko, zomwe zinachititsa serfdom chinathetsedwa, ndipo anthu opitirira mamiliyoni makumi kwandithandiza kulandira ufulu wawo. Komabe, wosamasula zonse wakhala analandira Patapita zaka ziwiri, imene wamba mongoyembekezera ayenera kuchita usilikali.