Wakhateyo ndani? Za mbiri ya matendawa

Mwinamwake, palibe yemwe akusowa kufotokoza yemwe ali wakhate kapena wakhate. Awa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi khate - matenda aakulu omwe amachititsa khungu, mitsempha, maso ndi ziwalo zina. Mawu awa adabwera m'Chisipanishi kuchokera ku Chilatini Chakumapeto kwa Chilatini, kumene kumamveka ngati leprosus, yomwe ikugwirizana ndi Latin leprosorium.

Malinga ndi zamankhwala, wakhate kapena wakhate ndi wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda aakulu a granulomatosis omwe amayamba chifukwa cha microbacteria Mycobacterium lepromatosis ndi Mycobacterium leprae.

Mbiri ya khate

Matendawa adziwika kuyambira kale ndipo amatchulidwa m'Baibulo. A Hyppocrates analemba za khate, koma mwina anamusokoneza ndi psoriasis. Kale ku India, amadziwanso za khate. Ndipo m'zaka zamkatikati zapitazi mabala ambiri a leprosariums adatuluka, pamene matendawa adadutsa m'kati mwa mliriwu. Kotero, mu zaka za m'ma 1800, malinga ndi Matvey Paris, wolemba mbiri wa Chingerezi, wolemba mbiri wa Benedictine, ku Ulaya, chiŵerengero cha akhate chinali anthu zikwi 19. Choyamba chodziwika bwino chinali khate la St. Nicholas ku Harbledown, m'chigawo cha Kent, England.

M'zaka za m'ma 500, munthu wakhate kapena wakhate ali wodetsedwa pakati pa anthu, adzalangidwa ndi chisoni chachikulu. Munthu wotereyu anaikidwa mu khate la khate, la mtundu wofanana ndi kuchiza. Koma kwenikweni, chinali chotsekanitsa, kuchokera kumene anthu ochepa okha anatha kutuluka amoyo. Zoona zake n'zakuti khate limapatsirana kudzera pakamwa pakamwa ndi mphuno pafupipafupi komanso pafupi ndi anthu. Ndipo mu leprosarium othandizira ali ochuluka kuposa pafupi ndi kawirikawiri.

Khate mu dziko lamakono

M'zaka za m'ma 1990, anthu akhate padziko lapansi adachoka ku khate la 10-12 miliyoni kufika pa 1.8 miliyoni. Matendawa amafalitsidwa m'mayiko otentha kumene chilengedwe chimapanga moyo wabwino wa microbacteria. Ngakhale kuti matendawa adachepa, matendawa adakali ambiri ku India, Nepal, mbali za Brazil, Tanzania, Mozambique, Madagascar ndi West Pacific. Bungwe la World Health Organization m'chaka cha 2000 linatulutsa mndandanda wa mayiko omwe ali ndi matenda. Burma ndilo lachitatu mwa chiwerengero cha odwala, Brazil - yachiwiri, ndi India - yoyamba.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti nthawi ya makulitsidwe ya khate yayitali kwambiri, pafupifupi zaka 4-6, ndipo nthawi zina imakhala yaitali kwa zaka 10-15. Kutalika kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, malinga ndi kukula kwake ndi matenda ake, kumatha zaka 3 mpaka 10.

Buku lakuti "The Lepers"

Anthu omwe akudwala matendawa adakhala magulu a ntchito zolemba. Choncho, mu 1959 buku la Georgiy Shilin "The Lepers" linatulutsidwa. Bukuli limafotokoza moyo wa leprosarium. Izi ziyenera kunenedwa kuti mlembi mwiniyo adayendera malo awa nthawi zingapo, akuyendera mzanga wodwala kumeneko, ndipo amakhala komweko.

"Leper" ndi nkhani yokhudza anthu osiyanasiyana omwe anali pamalo amodzi - mu khate. Nkhani iliyonse imakhudza ndikugwedezeka. Masewera ndi ambiri, koma khalidwe la aliyense liri lapadera - zimakhala zovuta kusokonezeka. Kotero, dokotala wamkulu wa leprosarium, Dr. Turkeev, ndi wa mtundu wamba omwe safuna kutchuka kapena ndalama, ndipo amadzipereka okha kuti atumikire chifukwa chosankhidwa. Free (mwatsoka, tsopano mawu oiwalika). Mtundu wa Shilin ndi wokongola, wamtima, wowala, wowonekera.

Ku Poland mu 1976, filimuyo "Leprosy" inaphedwa. Iyi ndi nkhani yachikondi ya mtsikana wosavuta komanso wolemekezeka yemwe sasiya aliyense.

Pomalizira pake, timaona kuti khate, zithunzi zomwe zingapezedwe pa intaneti, zimakhudzidwa ndi matendawa mosiyana, ndipo nthawizina wina samawona kuti akudwala. Choncho, yang'anani malamulo a ukhondo, peŵani kukhudzana kwambiri ndi anthu omwe mukukayikira, makamaka ngati muli kutchuthi m'mayiko otentha. Khalani wathanzi!