Vatican - ziri ... Kodi Vatican?

Boma ting'onoting'ono amakopa chidwi cha alendo ochokera konsekonse mdziko. Mmodzi wa awa ndi Vatican. Aliyense akudziwa kuti ndi okhala Papa wa Rome. Koma munthu nthawi zambiri timamva funso lakuti: "Vatican - mudzi kapena dziko" Ngakhale ochepa, ankakhala mu mizinda ina, koma boma. Iwo ali mbendera yake, odula manja ndi zinapangidwa ndalama zake.

mwachidule

Kodi wamng'ono kukula dziko European? Izi ndi Vatican. m'dera la makilomita lalikulu 0,44 chabe. Iwo lili likulu la dziko la Italy, ku Roma. Nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti Vatican ndipo ndi gawo la Italy. Koma izi sizili choncho. Vatican - boma mwayekha. Dzinali ku phiri ilo dzina, kumene dziko - ". kulosera malo" "Moti Vaticanus" omwe anamasuliridwa kuchokera Latin zikutanthauza

nthawi m'munsi - chiyambi cha m'ma 6. The okwana kutalika kwa malire boma ndi 3.2 okha kuchokera kutali. Ndipo ndithudi, izi nyenyezi yaing'ono boma enclave chimodzi chokha mnansi - Italy. The chipembedzo cha boma ndi Katolika wa Chiroma. zilankhulo ziwiri nduna - Italy ndi Latin. Vatican - wolamulidwa ndi Iyeyo mafumu. Ndalama - Yuro. Isanafike 1999, lili ndalama zake - Vatican Lira.

Geography ndi anthu

Vatican - boma kakang'ono unali pa Vatican Hill kumadzulo kwa Roma, pa gombe lamanja la Tiber Mtsinje. Mwachirengedwe, iwo anasiyanitsidwa ndi mpanda wamiyala amene amayendetsa pafupifupi malire lonse ndi likulu la Italy. Ndipotu, ndi mpando wa akuluakulu apamwamba a ku Roma Katolika. Anthu ambiri a Vatican ndi zosakwana anthu zikwi. Malinga ndi lipoti la nduna - anthu 846. Amene theka (450) ndi mtundu wa m'dzikolo. Ena yekha malo okhala chilolezo yokhazikika kapena zosakhalitsa.

Vatican nzika ndi pa Papa othandiza lake lapamtima, makadinala, ndi Swiss alonda. Ambiri Vatican nzika kalekale dziko lina. Ndi ndodo zamtendere wa kutumiza State m'mayiko ena.

Tatenga nzika za Vatican, kutaya izo, kuti nyumba yogonamo chilolezo mwina chifukwa malangizo apadera. Anatengedwa malinga ndi Lateran Pacts. Kukhala nzika za Vatican kokha mogwirizana ndi udindo. Ngati kuchotsedwa wataika ndipo nzika. Mosiyana ndi ena, Vatican ndi dziko limene limatulutsa zitupa zamtendere yekha, amene ali koyenera kuti moyo kupitirira. Mugone Official inakhazikitsidwa ndi maiko ena ambiri amene Vatican ali chifaniziro chake. Ndi chimene ku dziko likadali akhoza kudzitama kuti pafupifupi theka la nzika ndi dziko wapawiri? A Vatican mungathe!

polity

City State ndi lateokalaseli mtheradi mafumu. Zokonza bwanayu ndi mphamvu milandu wa Papa pano. Chisankho wake monga muyenera kuchirikiza ofuna analankhula 2/3 Makadinolo. Ngati 30 zipolopolo sadzatha kusankha mutu wa boma, anayambitsa ndondomeko zosiyanasiyana.

Mu chochitika cha imfa kapena kusapezeka kwa Papa kutsogolera mongoyembekezera boma ndi zochitika panopa camerlengo wa Woyera wa Chiroma Church. Mphamvu wamkulu akuupereka mu Supreme bwalo kachipembedzo, pa Supreme Khoti wa Apostolic Court, wa kuweruza m'deralo. Alonda amapereka kuti chitetezo Papa ongokhala Alonda Swiss.

mbendera

Izi boma Vatican chizindikiro akuimira mawonekedwe lalikulu nsalu. Pa awiri mofanana kakulidwe mikwingwirima ofukula, wachikasu ndi woyera. Kumanja kwa mbendera, pa maziko woyera limasonyeza tiara la Papa pa izo awiri anawoloka makiyi. Zimaimira mafungulo Paradaiso ndiponso ku Roma.

Vatican mbendera linaonekera kusaina ya February 11, 1929 Lateran Chogwirizana. Ndiye formalize udindo wa Holy See ndi ufulu wodzilamulira ku Italy, kumene Vatican.

odula manja

chizindikiro china cha boma - chovala mikono - ndi chishango heraldic, wofiira, English mawonekedwe. Iwo, komanso mbendera ya dziko, zikusonyeza tiara ndi awiri makiyi anawoloka.

Mophiphiritsira, ndi Vatican ambiri ndi otchedwa yaing'ono odula, amene ntchito chifaniziro mgwirizano wa mayiko, mabungwe ndi Papa. Awa ndi amodzi anawoloka makiyi ndi tiara, kufanizira Mpingo wa Katolika ndi mpando wachifumu Papa, koma osati mu gulu, osati iye.

N'zochititsa chidwi chovala zida kufala mphamvu womwalirayo Papa chifukwa m'malo mwake, amakhala wogawanika. Image ndi tiara ntchito kuthandiza maliro, ndi makiyi ali umasamutsidwa ku wolandila kadinala. M'malo tiara pa malaya ake a nkhondo, ofiira ndi golide denga. chizindikiro ichi Analeredwa monga pofika m'zaka za m'ma 16. Ndiye golide ndi siliva kiyi kugwirizana chingwe chofiira, amatchedwa "nzitsi" ndi "astringent". Zinaimira lamanja la Mpingo St. Petulo kuthetsa mafunso onse ndi kutumiza ufulu olandira lapansi.

nkhani

Modern Vatican anaonekera pa mapu a dziko lonse mu 1929. Chimene chinali isanafike nthawi imeneyo? A mbiri pang'ono za Vatican phiri.

Aroma wakale sanamange pa dziko, mizinda ayi, palibe midzi, akuganiza wopatulika. Ndipo mu nthawi ya Mfumu Kalaudiyo ndiye ikuchitika maseŵeralo masewera. Chiyambi cha mbiri ya Vatican ankaona chaka 326. Kenako, m'zaka za kulalikidwa kwa Chikhristu ku Ulaya, pa manda ananena za Mtumwi Petro anamangidwa pa tchalitchi otchuka wa Constantine. Pofika m'zaka za 8, midzi zambiri zamangidwa pano, amene anali ndi mbali yaikulu ya Apennine Peninsula. madera awa anali ogwirizana mu chikhalidwe - ndi Vatican. Koma mu 1870 anapitirira mu ulamuliro wa Ufumu wa Italy. Izo zinali kokha mu 1929 ndi Benito Mussolini anasaina Lateran Pangano amene anapereka Vatican ulamuliro, ndipo ali ndi chipangizo chamakono ndi malire.

zokopa alendo

The Vatican ndi ngodya ting'onoting'ono dziko, koma ndi maginito kwa chiwerengero chachikulu cha okhulupirira kuchokera konsekonse mu dziko. Pali mafani "nkhupakupa" - kukaona boma wamng'ono dziko.

Vatican - mpingo dziko. Panalibe antchito kapena alimi, chifukwa boma sangabereke chilichonse, si mwa iye, komanso ulimi. Pali m'modzi yekha chifukwa cha alendo ndi zopereka.

Tating'ono limati European zili pa Vatican phiri ndipo imakhala zachifumu papa, minda 30 m'nyumba, Cathedral "St. Peter" ndi kutsogolo kwa iye. Koma izo ziri chimodzimodzi zomwe amakopa alendo. Tikumbukenso kuti mu Vatican palibe malire, ndi onse amene adzabwera kudzakhazikika ogona pafupi likulu Italy.

Lowani m'dera la boma nyenyezi yaing'ono n'chotheka kudzera pachipata cha 6, zomwe zikugwirizana Rome ndi Vatican. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti boma ting'onoting'ono imatengedwa kwambiri "zigawenga" mu dziko. Pa m'gawo lake yaing'ono pali nambalayi umbava, monga multimillion lonse Rome. Kwa nzika iliyonse nkhani Vatican pafupifupi 3 atilakwira. Koma zoona, kupanga alendo awo kuyendera. Ngakhale Ngakhale kuti apolisi 700, mlingo umbava kwambiri.

zowoneka

Kodi akhoza kudabwa ndi chidwi kwa apaulendo Vatican?

• St. Peter a tchalitchi. Izi ndi kukopa zazikulu ndi zazikulu Mpingo wa Katolika padziko lonse. Ife anayamba kumanga ngakhale mu 324, pa ananena m'manda a mtumwi Petulo. M'zaka 15. pano tinamanga dongosolo chachikulu. Uwu ndi mtima wa Vatican ndi lonse Catholic dziko. Pamwamba ntchito Raphael kwambiri ndi Michelangelo. Chodabwitsa ulemerero mkati Council. Ndipo m'malo zingakhale nambala yaikulu anthu - 18 000. The kutsogolo kwa tchalitchi ali ndi mawonekedwe wapadera wa keyhole lapansi.
• The Sistine Chapel. A chipilala wapadera wa mbiri ndi zomangamanga. Linamangidwa pa malo dilapidated ndi sagging Chapel kwa Papa Papayu IV, choncho dzina. Kunja, nyumbayi ndi wodzichepetsa, unremarkable maonekedwe. Koma mkati zokongoletsa ake ndi chidwi. Popularity yopemphereramo chifukwa murals, amene anali kugwira ntchito ambuye monga Botticelli, Michelangelo ndi Pinturicchio. Ndi apa kuti makadinala akukumana kuti pambuyo pa imfa ya Papa panopa osankhidwa ina.

• Apostolic Library. Amazing chikhalidwe chipilala. Kuwonjezera chokongoletsedwa nyumba, mtengo wake m'chigawo chachikulu cha mipukutu ndi mipukutu aunika wa Ages Middle. Limadzitsegula alendo mbali yaing'ono chabe laibulale.
• Pinacoteca Vatican
• Museum Pius-Clementino
• minda Vatican
• The Museum Igupto
• Raphael mawu.

Iwo likukhalira kuti ndi dziko laling'ono Vatican - izi ndi pamene pali si Catholic Curia - apa anaikira chikhalidwe, mbiri yakale komanso kamangidwe zipilala la dziko. Tikufika mu izo, inu samakufunsa, "ndi Vatican? - boma kapena ayi". Apa m'mlengalenga wapadera, amene sanapezeke kwina kulikonse mu dziko.

Chidwi mfundo yomaliza

Malo Vatican ndi chidwi chodabwitsa ndi wapadera mbali iliyonse. Apa ndi ena mwa iwo.

1. Cha ku Switzerland. Peter - kutchulidwa mu mabuku mbiri monga waukulu wa Katolika mu dziko.
2. nzika Vatican sangathe tinatengera. Kungakhale kovuta kupeza See Woyera. Nditamaliza ntchito, nzika sinyamukanso.
3. Masana pa Vatican oposa 3 zikwi anthu - anthu amene amabwera ku ntchito.

Mzinda boma ali malaya yake ya manja, mbendera, malamulo, wailesi, makalata utumiki, m'nyuzipepala "Losservatore Romano", siteshoni yake ndi kutalika sitima ya 275 m.

Pali 1 sukulu, 1 ndende, ndipo 1 wailesi. Mtanda unaonetseratu asapita zamtendere ndi maiko 174, koma chifukwa kukula zochepa wa mavoti awo mu Vatican zili Italy.

Apapa m'manda ku ndende St. Petro.