Ubongo dongosolo. pons

Kachitidwe onse a dongosolo chapakati mantha ya thupi lili ndi malo apadera. ubongo, asaaonerera pa ntchito zonse, zimene anapatsidwa ndi munthu. Uyamiko kwa Iye, anapanga ubale pakati pa ntchito ziwalo ndi kachitidwe. Popanda lamulo la ubongo munthu sangakhale yotheka chilli. Chifukwa cha ntchito yolongosoka a chapakati mantha dongosolo, ife kuyenda, kulankhula, amaganiza ndi kumva zimene zikuchitika kunja. ubongo ali ndi dongosolo zovuta, aliyense mwa zigawo zake ndi udindo ndi ntchito yake yeniyeni. Komabe, ntchito nyumba yake kupereka thupi lathu mu akaphatikiza lapansi. Makamaka kufunika kwa maphunziro, mamembala a chapakati mantha dongosolo ndi medulla ndi pons. Iwo ali malo zikuluzikulu zofunika (a mtima, kupuma, chifuwa, slozootdelitelny), komanso kungadzutse ambiri misempha cranial.

Kapangidwe ka ubongo

The structural unit wa chapakati mantha dongosolo ndi minyewa. Ndi chipindacho ndi udindo phwando, processing ndi kusunga zambiri. Onse ubongo wa munthu ndi m'bulu wa manyuroni ndi njira zawo - axons ndi dendrites. Iwo kuonetsetsa kuti chizindikiro mu CNS ndi ku ziwalo. ubongo wapangidwa ndi imvi ndi vuto woyera. Woyamba kupanga okha manyuroni, wachiwiri - axons awo. The nyumba yaikulu ndi ubongo Chigawo (kumanzere ndi kumanja), cerebellum ndi thunthu. Woyamba ndi udindo nzeru za anthu, maganizo ake, maganizo, m'maganizo. Makamaka ndi cerebellum n'kofunika kwa mugwirizano galimoto, chimathandiza ndendende kuima, kuyenda kutenga zinthu. pons ili pansi. Iye ndi kugwirizana pakati pa medulla ndi cerebellum.

Pons: kapangidwe ndi ntchito

Mlatho ndi imodzi mwa mbali ya hindbrain lapansi. M'litali zimasiyanasiyana 2.4 kuti 2.6 masentimita pons ali ndi kulemera pafupifupi 7 ga nyumba yomwe abut ndi izo, -. Kodi oblong ndi midbrain yopingasa mzere. The Gawo ali pons chapamwamba ndipo pakati cerebellar peduncles amene ali m'njira yaikulu. Front ndi basilar poyambira, munali mitsempha kupereka ubongo, ndipo lili pafupi kuchoka malo a mitsempha trigeminal. Pa kumbuyo kwa pons mitundu kumtunda mabowo rhomboid mu lomwe anaphatikizapo 6 ndi gawo 7 la misempha cranial. Pamwamba pa mlatho lili mitima kwambiri (5, 6, 7, 8). Patsinde pa mlatho akuchititsa njira pamwamba-pansi: corticospinal, bulbar ndipo amaika mumsewu njira.

Ntchito yaikulu ya thupi ili:

1. Wochititsa - malinga ndi njira zake zikhumbo mitsempha kwa kotekisi oziziritsa ndi chingwe msana.
2. Kukhudza ntchito - amaperekedwa ndi vestibular-cochlear ndi trigeminal mitsempha. Mu mtima wa 8 mitsempha cranial amapezeka processing zokhudza kukondoweza vestibular.
3. Njinga - imapereka kuchepetsa onse minofu nkhope. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha mtima wa mitsempha trigeminal. Komanso, mbali tcheru amalandira mauthenga kuchokera nembanemba mucous mkamwa zolandilira mwana wa m'diso la mutu ndi mano. zizindikiro zimenezi zimatumizidwa pa CHIKWANGWANI mlatho wa kotekisi ubongo.
4. Ntchito Integrative amapereka kugwirizana pakati kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo ubongo.
5. Bongo ubongo.

Reticular mapangidwe mlatho

Reticular mapangidwe - unyolo nthambi ili ubongo, wopangidwa mwa maselo mitsempha ndi mtima. Ilipo mu pafupifupi onse CNS dongosolo ndi bwino apita dipatimenti wina ndi mzake. Pontine reticular mapangidwe ali oyenerera pakati pa elongated ndi midbrain. njira yake yaitali - axons kupanga woyera olimba ndipo zimayenda cerebellum lapansi. Komanso, ulusi maselo mitsempha ya zizindikiro mlatho akhoza inasamutsidwa kuchoka ku mutu kumbuyo. Komanso, mapangidwe reticular transmits chizindikiro kwa kotekisi oziziritsa, kotero kuti pali kudzuka kapena maloto munthu. maso The zili mu gawo ili la mlatho, amanena pakati kupuma ili mu medulla oblongata.

Reflex ntchito mlatho

Luso chapakati mantha dongosolo ndi kulabadira zimene zikuchitika kunja amatchedwa reflex. Chitsanzo ndi zosayembekezereka wa drooling pa pamaso pa chakudya, ndi kufuna kugona ndi phokoso nyimbo zotsitsimula ndi zina zotero. G. oziziritsa bongo akhoza kukhala makonzedwe ndi chopanda malire. Munthu woyamba amapeza mu moyo, angapemphe kapena kusintha malingana ndi zofuna zathu. Yotsirizira sangakhale manyazi, iwo ophatikizidwa ndi kubadwa, ndipo sangathe kusinthidwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo kutafuna, kumeza, kumvetsa ndi bongo ena.

Monga mlatho amakhudza maonekedwe a bongo

Chifukwa chakuti pons ndi mbali quadrigemina, ndi zogwirizana chitukuko cha kumva ndi reflex zowerengera. Chifukwa cha yamasika, timatha thupi mu malo ena. Komanso, zimavuta ndi ubongo sekondale, izo atseka mbali yaikulu ya bongo minofu.