The kachulukidwe ya makhalidwe - miyala, lubwe, miyala ndi slag. kachulukidwe chochuluka mwala wosweka: a koyefishienti ndi tanthauzo GOST

Atavutika - particulate chuma, ndi particulate zochita kupanga, analandira mwa kuphwanya yokumba. Iwo agawidwa pulayimale ndi sekondale. Izi ndi mfundo yofunika. Pulayimale - chifukwa cha processing wa mwala chachilengedwe: timiyala, boulders, mwala pumice ndi zipangizo zina. The sekondale analandira mwa kuphwanya zinyalala yomanga monga simenti, phula, njerwa.

njira yopanga

Kwa kupanga mwala wosweka ntchito njira zotsatirazi: thanthwe, ncho mu miyala ndi chisoni kwa chikhalidwe zina ndi mosamala. Pamene pamwamba yobwezeretsanso zomangamanga zinyalala ntchito chopukusira makina.

dera ntchito

Chifukwa zimatha mkulu zomatira, mwachitsanzo. E. Luso kutsatira mwamphamvu pamwamba, miyala ntchito mu nyimbo mchenga-simenti mu chitukuko m'tauni, kumanga nyumba, kumanga misewu ndi njanji.

zakuthupi Features

Zotsatirazi katundu zofunika:

• osalimba a mwala wosweka.
• Flakiness (mawonekedwe).
• Frost.
• Mphamvu.
• Mpweya wa poizoni.

mfundo izi kwathunthu zimaonetsa anati zakuthupi. Kenako, tione katundu monga osalimba a mwala wosweka. Ndi nemaloznachimym tanthauzo.

osalimba a mwala wophwanyidwa

Mundawu zinthu mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi kukhazikika kwake. Pansi kachulukidwe ndi chiŵerengero cha misa kwa buku. Iwo amayezedwa tonnes kapena makilogalamu pa mita kiyubiki (T / m, makilogalamu / m³). Kusiyanitsa kachulukidwe woona wa mwala wosweka, kupatulapo malo opanda kanthu, ndi zambiri chonse, T. E. Mu boma uncompressed. Aliyense ali ndi tanthauzo logwirizana.

The kachulukidwe woona wa miyala ya anatsimikiza ndi zasayansi. Amene kuwayeza kulemera kwake pa wagawo buku la mfundo zabwino ndi youma. Mu njira iyi kukusalani pamaso pa voids wodzazidwa ndi mpweya. Choncho kudziwa porosity.

Mawu akuti "chochuluka kachulukidwe chomenyedwa" ntchito potanthauza chiŵerengero pakati pa thupi ndi buku wotanganidwa ndi danga ufulu pakati pa particles. chizindikiro kulembapo pamene kuwerengetsa zikuchokera osakaniza konkire.

kachulukidwe kayesedwe

Pankhaniyi, pali njira zingapo kudziwa:

1. Pakuunika chotengera.
2. Ntchito matebulo.

Tiyeni tikambirane njira yoyamba

Kugwira ntchito imeneyi imafunika kuyeza chotengera cha cylindrical buku mawonekedwe kuchokera malita 5 mpaka 50 kwathunthu lembani kupanga pamwamba pa phirilo lapansi. Ndiye kuchotsa owonjezera pamwamba mawonekedwe. chotengeracho kulemedwa. Kudziwa osalimba a mwala wosweka, kuwerengera kusiyana pakati chotengera chodzala ndi kanthu, omwe sagwirizana chifukwa voliyumu ya chotengeracho. Palibe zovuta. Dongosolo mu nkhani iyi ndi iyi:

• Fh = (m ₂ - mamita _1): V,

₁ kumene mamita - misa ya chiwiya chopanda kanthu; mamita ₂ - ndi detritus, V - volumetric mphamvu chidebe.

I chachikulu

Bwino kuyeza chochuluka kachulukidwe, mogwirizana ndi miyezo boma, ali:

• Kugwiritsa zotengera apadera, kuti ndi ena kukula ndi mawonekedwe.
• Kukula kwa chidebe zimadalira kukula tirigu.
• Atavutika Mulimonsemo mwachindunji losindikizidwa, monga mu nkhani iyi, nkhani adzakhala ndi ntchito zosiyana.
• Onse osalimba kwenikweni apamwamba chochuluka.

Zotsatira zopezera zasayansi amasonyeza mu pansiyi pasipoti makamaka mtanda.

Kuwonjezera chomenyedwa, mu njira izi amaonedwa ndi osalimba a mchenga, simenti ndi zina zipangizo. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuganizira buku la tirigu ndi danga pakati pa particles.

Khama ndi matebulo

mawerengedwe uyu wa osalimba a zinthuzi kumathandizanso. Pakuti mabuku akuluakulu, kapena pa nthawi imene zolakwa za 1% si yovuta, amachita matebulo ochiritsira chingwe ndi koefishienti ntchito yomasulira. Plus ili njira - nthawi opulumutsidwa ndi zofewa. Opanda - yankhaza, zolakwika chifukwa.

Council

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chochuluka kachulukidwe - ndi khalidwe la zachilengedwe, zachilengedwe, precluding kuthekera compaction wotsatira kuthetsa voids.

Mu zomangira ndi imodzi mwa magawo zofunika kwambiri. Kuchokera pamenepa, izo zimatengera mphamvu ya chomaliza mankhwala ndi mtima zotsalira za voids wodzazidwa ndi olimba zikuchokera zochepa za zinthu zina.

Mu kupanga zosakaniza konkire akutsogoleredwa ndi ulamuliro: apamwamba kachigawo, m'munsi chochuluka kachulukidwe magawo. Chidziwitso cha ntchito yake kwambiri kusunga. Mwachitsanzo, pa nusu otsika ndi mkulu chochuluka simenti kachulukidwe chofunikila ndi zochepa kwambiri. Ndi chidziwitso cha buku enieni zimatithandiza zoyendera ndi kusunga. Zimakhala zosatheka kuwerengetsa zinthu kunyamulidwa. Komanso Pankhaniyi tingaganizire kayendedwe mphamvu.

kachulukidwe chinthu

Tiwachitiranso tanthauzo limeneli. mtengo luso ntchito pa muyeso wa buku la miyala, wotchedwa: chochuluka kachulukidwe chiŵerengero cha mwala wosweka. Iwo nemaloznachimy mwina. Kugwiritsa ntchito dzina lake - compaction chinthu kapena kutengerapo (kutanthauza kulemera pa buku kutembenuka ndi mosemphanitsa).

Mwachitsanzo

Tiyeni tinene galimoto wabweretsa kuti amange malo chomenyedwa. Mmene angagwirire miyezo zofunika? Kuti tichite zimenezi, tiyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa katundu ndi thupi pa kukhuta malire. Ndiye makhalidwe analandira ndi kuchulukitsa ndi mlingo psinjika. Zikuonekeratu kuti manambalawo chasintha chifukwa cha "amapatutsidwa" katundu pamene galimoto, koma simungathe kuonda. Mbali yoyamba, kutenga nkhani ya shrinkage, tikhoza kunena kuti ndi osalimba chachikulu mwala wosweka kapena mtengo pafupi ndi iye. Lachiwiri - chochuluka.

Kumvetsa, kutenga chitsanzo china. Tinagula wina kuchuluka shuga. Mwachitsanzo, kilogalamu. Ife anagona mu mbale shuga, analandira buku chachikulu. Modabwa kwambiri, anagogoda, stamped. Anayeza. Tinalandira chifukwa buku lomaliza.

kulimbikitsa zinthu

Nkofunika kudziwa. Pa kachulukidwe makhalidwe ndi mtundu, umene unapangidwa chomenyedwa. Pamene buku chomwecho - 1 mita ³ pa thupi ndi lubwe ndi matani 2.6 anajambulapo Komabe, chifukwa zosafunika khwatsi, dolomite, etc. -... M 2.7-2.9 ndi yofanana kulemera zingasiyane.

Chifukwa, lalikulu, milled thanthwe amatenga malo zosakwana zobwezerezedwanso. Ichi ndi chifukwa danga pakati nyengo. Za kusiyana kwa voliyumu ya misa omwewo kulankhula choonadi ndi chochuluka miyala m'deralo. Zimenezi odalirika. Mwachitsanzo, osalimba woona wa wophwanyidwa lubwe kachigawo (tirigu kukula) wa pa 5 ndi 20 mamilimita adzakhala 2590 makilogalamu / mamita ^3, ndi zambiri za zinthu womwewo udzakhala 1320 makilogalamu / m³. Choncho, podziwa tanthauzo limeneli, tikhoza zayamba kupulumutsa pa kuchepetsa ndalama mu kusakaniza konkire Kusakaniza, komanso njira malo zoyendera ndi kusunga.

asadziphe

Pankhaniyi, inu kusankha zotsatirazi:

• Nusu - tirigu kukula zakuthupi. Kusiyanitsa muyezo (5-10 mm, 10-20, 5-20 , ndi zina zotero.), Non-muyezo (10-15 mm, kuyambira 15 mpaka 20 mm, ndipo T. D.) Ndipo evroscheben (3-5 mm).
• Brand chomenyedwa mphamvu. osiyana mitundu yambiri. Ndicho, mwachizolowezi mphamvu M 800-1200; mkulu - M 1400-1600; Sing'anga - M 600-800; ofooka - 300-600 M; osachepera - M 200.

Kuchotsedwa kwa kagulu kamene, mtundu ndi thanthwe choyambirira zidzakhudza kachulukidwe chochuluka.