Akupera makina chifukwa zitsulo. Akupera mawilo kwa zipangizo makina

Pakuti kutsirizitsa zosiyanasiyana workpieces ntchito mtundu wapadera zida - makina akupera pa zitsulo. Zosiyanasiyana mayunitsi wa mtundu uwu, pali zingapo. Monga chida nthawi zambiri ntchito mu izi wapadera mawilo.

mitundu ya makina

Panopa, ogwira amagwiritsa mitundu zotsatirazi makina zitsulo akupera:

1. Intragrinding. Ntchito processing workpieces kudzera mkati ndi m'mbali.

2. Zozungulira. Makina a mtundu uwu ali makamaka ntchito liza workpieces cylindrical ndi mawonekedwe conical.

3. Pamwamba. Izi ndi za mtundu wina ambiri zida. Makina a mitundu ntchito opaleshoni ndi monga lathyathyathya umapezeka (pamwamba yachibadwa).

4. Honing. Pa makina amenewa kubala kuchotsa ankamvetsa kakang'ono workpieces (0.04-0.08 mm).

5. Bestsentroshlifovalnye. Mtundu wa zida zimagwiritsa ntchito m'mafakitale lalikulu. Makina anafuna kuti mtundu uwu wa pamalo Machining kunja workpieces.

Processing mankhwala pa zida monga makina akupera chifukwa zitsulo, akhoza kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ufa ndi pastes, mipiringidzo, kapena zigawo za zikopa. Komabe nthawi zambiri kupereka yosalala zachitsulo pamwamba mitundu nkhani ku magudumu wapadera umapezeka.

intragrinding makina

Mtundu wa zida angagwiritsidwe ntchito ang'ono-ang'ono ndi kuŵeta. Makulidwe, kulemera, ntchito, mphamvu ndi chithunzithunzi alinso osiyana. The mayunitsi yomanga mtundu uwu, komanso makina ena aliwonse akupera chifukwa zitsulo, muli zinthu zotsatirazi:

• chimango pa zimene wokwera mfundo zonse;

• yolimba tebulo workpiece ya;

• spindle;

• thanki kutsogolo;

• flywheel ndi zina zotero.

Mbali yaikulu ya zida yomanga monga makina akupera chifukwa zitsulo, chifukwa processing workpieces mkati ankaona n'kupuma headstock pa bedi. Limayenda iwo mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo ndi kayendedwe ka tebulo. Miyeso spindle mu makina amenewa zimadalira awiri chida.

makina cylindrical umapezeka

Makina a mtundu uwu ndi zitsulo akusandutsa tebulo chapamwamba, wokwera pa pansi. Malowa ali pamtunda kutsogolo kwa bedi. Mankhwalawa mbali yozungulira m'munsi tebulo ndi zimayenda pa anakonzeratu anakhumba ngodya ndi zokhoma mu udindo umenewo ndi clamps wapadera. Kuseri kwa bedi makina cylindrical umapezeka ndi nsanja agogo.

mayunitsi pamwamba

Zitsulo makina a mtundu akhoza kupangidwa:

• ndi spindle yopingasa, pawiri Wopanda ndi amakona anayi tebulo;

• ndi tebulo ambiri-cholinga ndi yopingasa spindle;

• ndi spindle ofukula ndi kutsetsereka tebulo;

• ndi tebulo ntchito yothandizira;

• Mmodzi pachithandara ndi ziwiri ndime kotenga umapezeka;

• Amgwirizano tortseshlifovalnye ndi yopingasa kapena ofukula spindle.

Yoyambirira chida kupanga zida makina ntchito zambiri (ndi tebulo amakona anayi). zizindikiro zimenezi structural monga mkulu wokwera mayendedwe anagubuduza spindle, thandizo okhwima ndi zipangizo Chiongoko ndi zida za zovuta zosiyanasiyana. mphamvu zopangapanga makina amenewa kwenikweni lonse.

Bestsentroshlifovalnoe zida

Akupera makina chifukwa zitsulo wa mtundu uwu amatha kupereka pazipita khalidwe Machining wa workpieces. Ndipotu, mayunitsi zambiri zapamwamba ndi zipatso mtundu zitsanzo cylindrical umapezeka. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirira ntchito polenga kupanga mizere basi kutengerapo, kuyambira ngati n'koyenera iwo akhoza okonzeka ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zipangizo jombo ndi zida yogwira ulamuliro akusowekapo makulidwe.

Zipangizo monga centerless makina akupera akhoza kuchitidwa ndi kunja ndi mkati mwa mankhwala zitsulo. Komabe, ntchito yamasika ikuchitika kuwagwiritsa ntchito kawirikawiri ndithu. Komabe, wangwiro kwambiri mayunitsi zonse ntchito akupera zitsulo, kasakaniza wazitsulo ndi zina zotero. D.

Honing zida

Ndi ntchito ya mtundu wa mayunitsi, yomaliza akupera zitsulo. Inakhazikitsa honing makina kwa kali mkati kapena kunja ndi makonzedwe ofukula kapena yopingasa wa spindles umodzi kapena kuposerapo. Headstock mu makina amenewa yakwera ndime kalozera. Spindle Ufumuyo wapadera honing mutu. Popeza processing mbali pa mayunitsi a mitundu ayenera kuchitidwa mwadongosolo angathe mu zinalengedwera zikuphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kachitidwe ulamuliro yogwira zochokera contactless kapena kukhudzana muyeso njira.

Sander: mtengo

Mtengo wa mtundu uwu zida zimadalira mphamvu yake, ntchito ndi kukula. Komanso, mtengo wa makina zingasiyane malingana ndi mtundu wake. Choncho, zitsanzo ang'onoang'ono zinthu mopupuluma akhoza ndalama mu osiyanasiyana 300-400 zikwi. Rubles. Pakuti chitsanzo ntchito akatswiri mkulu wa mtundu uwu kulipira miliyoni 2 rubles. Small cylindrical akupera makina ndalama padziko 60-300 zikwi. Rubles. Mtengo wa ooneka enieni mkulu-ntchito zipangizo za mtundu uwu 400-1500 zikwi. Rubles. Bestsentroshlifovalnoe zida malingana ntchito lingathe kukopedwa pa 300-2000 zikwi. Rubles.

Akupera mawilo kwa zipangizo makina

Izi zosiyanasiyana zipangizo abrasive ntchito makina kugwira ntchito zambiri. Sankhani malinga makamaka pa mfundo zoti mtundu uliwonse nchito ukunenedwa ntchito. Mtundu wa bwalo zimadalira chitsanzo cha makina. Mwachitsanzo:

1. Pakuti cylindrical makina akupera chotchuka ntchito mabwalo yosavuta molunjika mbiri.

2. Pakuti zida monga makina centerless umapezeka, zambiri ntchito mabwalo molunjika mbiri ndi recess unilateral.

3. Pakuti lathyathyathya kapena nkhope umapezeka angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphatikizapo zozungulira, chikho woboola pakati, cylindrical kapena mawilo conical.

4. Kukulitsa zida zambiri ntchito Belleville.

5. Pakuti processing mkati mwa mankhwala ntchito shlifgolovki.

Nthawi zambiri, zitsulo kupukuta imagwiridwa ntchito amphamvu kwambiri corundum mabwalo organic kapena ceramic kumangigwa. Mulimonsemo, ndi abrasive ntchito chida cha mtundu amafunika zotsatirazi:

• kupirira katundu pamwamba pa mphamvu centrifugal;

• processing workpiece ndi digiri zing'onozing'ono roughness;

• mkulu flexural mphamvu zonse youma ndi boma yonyowa;

• kuwombera mmene ndingathere ambiri tchipisi pa nthawi unit.

mtundu yambewu

Nthawi zambiri ntchito mu mabwalo opanga ndi aluminum okusayidi mbewu. Iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa matenda a chitsulo, chitsulo, chitsulo, ndi ngakhale zosiyanasiyana kasakaniza wazitsulo. Makamaka akupera zipangizo molimba mabwalo ntchito ndi mtundu wosakaniza mbewu - wa aluminiyamu ndi zirconia. zitsulo zofewa (mkuwa, mkuwa) amaliona ndi mabwalo TACHIMATA ndi aluminiyamu ndi pakachitsulo carbide. Zida ndi mbewu yaikulu sizigwiritsidwa ntchito akupera. Bwino mawu a kusalala pamwamba chingapezeke okha ndi ntchito ya mabwalo ndi ang'onoang'ono.

Monga mukuonera, amakono umapezeka zida mwina ndi kumanga ina anaikira processing mbali ya mawonekedwe aliyense, mkati ndi kunja. Ntchito mayunitsi a mtundu uwu ndi ang'ono ndi pa mabizinezi sing'anga ndi lalikulu. zokolola zawo ndi khalidwe la billets zimadalira kuphatikizapo kusankha molondola za zipangizo ntchito abrasive, mitundu imene palinso zambiri.