Ndudu "ngamila" chizindikiro ndi m'zaka za mbiri

zopangidwa fodya, zodziwika mdziko lonse, olimba mtima. Ndithudi, sizili mamilioni a ogula padziko lonse amalakwitsa. Kusankha mtundu amadziwika kuti musamakayikire. Pezani pa ndudu osachepera "ngamila" - iwo akhoza kugulidwa ku sitolo iliyonse fodya m'dziko lathu ndipo kumuona pa nsalu yotchinga chachikulu latsopano Hollywood filimu. Pamene Ndipotu panali mtundu komanso zimene amapereka kwa ogula lero?

Pamene panali "ngamila"?

Red ngamila ndudu atangokhala likupezeka mu 1913. Latsopano fodya ali anamasulidwa yaikulu American kampani RJ Reynolds fodya. Ndudu pamene Anangoonekera, lingaliro kuti kukulunga fodya ndi wouma minofu pepala ndi ma CD Kwatha "timitengo" mu mapaketi zofewa kudabwa ndi anakopeka omvera. Mwina yabwino ya fodya kuti apeze anthu ena ndipo analimbikitsa kufala kwa makhalidwe oipa. ndudu latsopano "ngamila" amapangidwa posakaniza Virginia ndi Turkey fodya. Kenako Chinsinsi ichi chotchedwa American Wathonje ( «American analinso") ndipo kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala ena fodya. dzina zinasintha mofulumira zokwanira - "ngamila" chamtendere, lotembenuzidwa mu Russian mawu ngamila, anataya mtundu wake, ndi tanthauzo la Red mbisoweka ndi mapaketi a.

kampeni malonda

The yatsopano ya fodya msanga zinatchuka, woyamba mu America ndipo kenako padziko lonse. Iwo sanachite Pankhaniyi popanda namatetule wa malonda. Kwa nthawi yaitali isanayambe malonda mu nyuzipepala m'dera anaonekera kulengeza chachinsinsi chithunzi nkhondo ya ngamila. Iwo kachiwiri lofalitsidwa kangapo ndi Kuwonjezera zina. Ndipo pamene anthu kwenikweni anayamba kuwala mantha, kulisindikiza, uthenga watsopano. "Mawa mu mzinda wathu adzakhala ngamila kuposa Africa ndi Asia!" - kuwerenga lemba. Tsiku lotsatira, msikawu itafika, "ngamila" fodya komanso manyuzipepala monyadira analengeza za chiyani ndendende "nyama" zinakambidwa. Poyamba mtunduwu anali pabwino monga amuna - chiwerengero osachepera mitundu, sukulu zosiyanasiyana ndudu amasiyana mzake kokha mwa mphamvu ndi mamangidwe a gululo. Modabwitsa, kwa zaka mazana a mtundu, sanalekerere anayamba kuŵeta la zonunkhira kapena ena "wapadera" fodya.

Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, ndi "ngamila" anaphatikizidwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana a asilikali American. Komabe, mu zaka za m'ma chatha, panali mavuto ena mu msika US anayamba kuoneka ndudu latsopano "amuna." Ndiyeno, mu 1980, izo unachitikira woyamba ngamila Trophy mpikisano - ulendo ndi mphatso zamtengo wapatali, kuonjezera kutchuka kwa mtunduwu.

Russian mbiri ya mtundu

Pa nthawi Soviet, "ngamila" ndudu anali mozemba kawirikawiri ndi mtengo. Anthu ambiri kulota chabe kudzayesa iwo, ndi amene anakwanitsa amasuta fodya mtundu uwu nthawi, izi ankatengedwa mwayi. zinthu zinasintha kwambiri mu 1992. The Iron Katani unagwa, ndipo fodya chopangidwa mu United States, anayamba kugulitsa mu kiosks onse. Mu 1999, mtundu anagulitsidwa kwa Japan Tabacco. Ngakhale "ngamila" ndudu anali ambiri mpikisano kwambiri Russia, ndipo iwo anali ndi kutchuka pafupifupi. zinthu anayenera kupulumutsidwa, ndipo mu 2000 anasintha lingaliro ndi mamangidwe a mtunduwu. Popeza ngamila - fodya si adventurers ndi amuna bizinezi. Komanso, nkhani ya fodya inayamba mu 2000 pansi mtundu uwu mu Russia, mu fakitale pafupi St. Petersburg, m'manja mwa bungwe JT.

Ngamila fodya luso

Kuletsa mabodza m'dziko lathu kusuta analowa mphamvu posachedwapa. Mpaka posachedwapa, mafilimu komanso mavidiyo osiyanasiyana akanasonyeza fodya ndi ndondomeko ya mowa awo. Kodi chidwi kuona paketi ndi ngamila kungakhale osati mafilimu American, komanso mu ntchito zazikulu za mafilimu a kanema Soviet. Ndi mtundu uwu wa utsi Gleb Zheglov (m'nkhani yomwe akutchulidwa choyamba cha "Msonkhano Place sizingasinthidwe") ndi Walter Schellenberg ( "seventini Posakhalitsa wa Spring"). Sitikudziwa alibe chidwi mtundu ndi atsogoleri Russian. The mbali yaikulu pa TV zino otchuka "Brigade" izo amasuta fodya "ngamila". fodya wa mtundu uwu si wosiyana kwambiri mu mapaketi kamangidwe. Choncho si zovuta kupeza ndudu ndi siriyo filimu "N'zoona Detective".

Ndemanga za fodya "ngamila"

Lero, ngamila ali pabwino monga mtundu umafunika. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira maganizo a makasitomala amene amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito fodya, mthupi mwawo amadziwa zogwirizana ndi mtunduwu. "Ngamila" - ndudu, ndi kukoma okoma ndi fungo. Ena ogula amanena kuti ngakhale utsi wochokera ku mankhwala a mtundu uwu ndi osiyana - fungo enieni amalimbikitsa pafupifupi palibe zovala kapena chipinda pa ndondomeko kusuta. ubwino awiri a mtundu - mtengo wololera (monga lero - zosakwana $ 100 paketi mu Russia) ndi mamangidwe wotsogola. Ndi ndudu "ngamila" ndi ndemanga zoipa kwambiri. Iwo zambiri kusiya otsutsa kadinala kusuta. Komabe, iwo ali zawo zabwino komanso kusuta fodya, ngakhale apamwamba mankhwala khalidwe fodya kuwononga kwambiri thanzi.