The achingelezi dongosolo malamulo, mbiri yake ndi zina mwa zinthu

Dongosolo achingelezi malamulo - mndandanda wa malamulo malamulo ndi mgwilizano umene ulipo pakati pawo, yeniyeni ku UK, USA, Australia ndi m'madera ena amene poyamba gawo la Britain. Ilo likadali angatchedwe Anglo-American dongosolo kapena banja malamulo. The chakudya waukulu chipangizo mlanduwu kupangidwa mu Ages Middle. Akukhulupirira kuti njirayi lachokera ku Norman anagonjetsa England pambuyo Nkhondo ya Hastings mu 1066. Ndiyeno, monga onse a ku Ulaya, lamanja la lawmaking a mfumu kapena royals ena. Popeza mabwalo mu likulu la dziko anagonjetsa anali mfumu, ndipo Normandy osamukira dongosolo lakale, zosankha za makhoti amenewa anakhala zomwe anatenga kusainira.

Kotero m'njira imeneyi zochita za nkhani zosiyanasiyana woweruza achifumu chiganizo ndi zopanga malamulo oti iwo ankatsogoleredwa paubwenzi ndi chigamulo chake. Nthawi zambiri, woweruza ntchito miyambo ofala mosemphana ndi lamulo lililonse. njira izi zikufika chidziwitso cha mabwalo ena onse boma, ndipo iwo ankatsogoleredwa ndi malamulo chomwecho, kutenga milandu ofanana zimenezi. Izi mtundu wa gwero bwino amatchedwa chitsanzo, mwachitsanzo nyemba kuvomerezedwa amene ayenera disassemble milandu ofanana. The achingelezi dongosolo malamulo amakhala ndi chakuti malamulo ake ndi nambala yaikulu precedents.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, kuchepa kwa dongosolo ang'onoang'ono zachuma ndi kukula kwa mizinda ndi bourgeoisie, kupanga mtundu wina wa chilamulo, pamene Chancellor a Mfumu ya malamulo a ndondomeko bwino kuthetsa mikangano, kumene litigants akatulukire kwa mfumu. Mtundu uwu wa mphamvu zokonza malamulo amatchedwa lamanja la chilungamo, monga kuyenera kukhazikitsa zofunika za chilamulo choncho (lamulo wamba). Tikhoza kunena kuti achingelezi dongosolo malamulo kale ankanyamula khalidwe dualistic, chifukwa zochita nthambi zonse za malamulo olembedwa mosiyana ndi kukhala kuchuluka osiyana.

Pamene mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma XIX, mu dziko panali kusintha milandu, onse Code ndi ntchito monga chitsanzo mu gwero zolimbana, takhala limodzi. Mpaka lero mwambo kuti malamulo pamaziko a zigamulo ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti UK, ndi pa zazikidwa dongosolo lonse malamulo a anthu. Mosiyana ndi lamulo boma, malamulo amenewa ali kwambiri zotanuka ndi zochepa monolithic, koma Komano iwo kulola kutanthauzira mokwanira ikuluikulu ndi mbali yaikulu mu malamulo awo limabweretsa mfundo procedural. Popeza ambiri a chakudya cha lamulo la Aroma sizinachitike inalowa mu "chilumba" m'ndandanda wa malamulo malamulo, kukhala autonomously, magawano pakati pa malamulo a boma ndi ena izo ndi kwina.

Dongosolo malamulo a England Sindinakudziwani ndipo komabe amadziwa zizindikiro voluminous, ankaikira ena a ku Ulaya. Ngakhale masiku ano, pomwe lagawidwa mitundu ina, kaya mchitidwe kapena chiphunzitso, kuti tsankho izi ngofunika kwambiri. makhoti onse m'dziko lino ndi ulamuliro nawo, ndi bwalo ingapezeke kusamalira milandu boma, zigawenga lamulo utsogoleri, malamulo malonda, ndi zina zotero. Utsogoleri wolowezana wa chipangizo malamulo kulibe Nthawi ntchito pakati pa malamulo, ndi pakati ndi kumanga chitsanzo zimadalira zimene mlingo wa khoti akavomera. zosankha apamwamba kumangako akutengedwa ndi Nyumba ya Ambuye wa Kukonda ndi High makhoti.

The achingelezi dongosolo malamulo amalola kuti kusintha nkhani anatengera kale, koma izi ndi chigamulo cha khoti lalikulu kapena yamalamulo. Koma Zikatero ndi infrequent kwambiri, m'pamenenso kuti n'kovuta kupeza zinthu, ngati madontho awiri a madzi ofanana ndi mzake. Choncho, ngati oweruza amakhulupirira kuti ankamuona nkhani zimbalangondo palibe kufanana kwa njira ina iliyonse, ndiye iwo akhoza kukhala olemba malamulo atsopano. Mu mtundu uwu wa lamulo malamulo a mphamvu za oweruza lonse kwambiri. Komabe, iwo zonse otchedwa lamulo lokhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo, wopangidwa mwa malamulo anatengedwa ndi Nyumba ya Malamulo (amadziwika kuti chaka chilichonse wavomerezedwa ndi ena asanu ndi atatu dazeni la zolemba izi). Posachedwapa, mtundu wa zipangizo malamulo akusewera mu "chilumba" dongosolo la malamulo nthawi kuwonjezeka udindo.