Technology Initiative National (NTI). kulimbikitsa ndondomeko State

Umoyo wa anthu ndi mwachindunji amadalira boma la chuma cha dziko. Mavuto Russian wa zaka zaposachedwapa, amene anauka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mitengo hydrocarbon, kamodzinso anasonyeza kufunika kwa kusintha ofunika. National kanthu Technology lakonzedwa kudziwa Boma kwambiri zingamuthandize wa zachuma ndi yotithandiza iwo. chitukuko adzakhala zikuphatikizapo chitukuko cha chuma lonse lapansi ndi kuthandiza kuthetsa kudalira mitengo hydrocarbon. Kwa anthu, izi zikutanthauza kutalikitsa moyo ndi kuwongolera zidazo.

pulogalamu zinthunzi

National Initiative Technology (matenda opatsirana pogonana) monga malangizo koyamba mwalamulo analengeza mu December 2014. Inali nthawi imeneyi Pulezidenti Russian V. V. Putin yatsindika mu uthenga wake kwa Assembly Federal ndipo anazindikira akuluakulu udindo kukhazikitsa pulogalamu. Akamanena za matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi kupeza Boma zingamuthandize wa zachuma ndi kukhazikitsa mabizinezi Russian. Kusankha moyenera njira imeneyi mungaigwiritse kubweretsa mabiliyoni ambiri mu zolowa m'tsogolo. Russia adzatha kupikisana ndi mayiko ambiri otukuka ndi ayamba mu dziko msika. Chidwi kwambiri linaperekedwa kwa mafakitale zokhudzana ndi umisiri patsogolo. Limodzi mwa madera mankhwala, makamaka, ndi mbali ya moyo. Komabe, kupambana opatsirana pogonana zimatengera osati boma. Boma pulogalamu thandizo Ndithu zofunika, koma chidwi kwambiri ayenera kuperekedwa ku chilengedwe cha dongosolo wothandiza, zolakwa ntchito imene amadziŵika mofulumira ndi kuwongolera. Malinga ndi mkulu malangizo a "akatswiri Young" wotchedwa Dmitry Peskov, opatsirana pogonana ayenera kukhala dongosolo patsogolo, ulamuliro masanjidwewo. National Initiative Technology sitiyenera kuziona ngati maziko kwa chilengedwe cha dongosolo lalikulu boma.

nkhani zakale

Lingaliro la "dziko kanthu zamakono" linagwiritsidwa ntchito lipoti la Nduna ya Maphunziro ndi Science wotchedwa Dmitry Livanov pa msonkhano wa presidium wa wamakono chuma ndi chitukuko nzeru mu September 2014. Zinali za chitukuko cha ntchito zokhudzana ndi umisiri watsopano kupanga (NTP). Iye ankafuna imathandizira pa chitukuko cha mafakitale. polojekiti walandira udindo wa Technology Initiative National (opatsirana pogonana - STP). Komabe, tikulankhula za yekha mu December 2014. Kuwonjezereka Izi chidwi chifukwa chakuti opatsirana pogonana zapatsidwa mwapadera mu Uthenga wa Pulezidenti la Chitaganya cha Russia Assembly Federal. Momwe munakonzera, ndi National Technology Initiative ayenera kukhala chida mwa chimene Russia adzatha kutenga udindo waukulu ku katundu misika. Iwo ubwera Amaonetsa kufunika kotsatira lamanja kusankha njira.

Ndi funso za ziyembekezo

Nkofunika kudziwa zimene adzaona chuma m'tsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, lero mmodzi wa m'madera ambiri zingamuthandize amaonedwa machitidwe wanzeru zoyendera. kugwira ntchito yawo mwachindunji ndi kufala kwa deta. Choncho makampani wina imakoka ena. cholinga china ndi chitukuko zoyendera mpweya, zimene zimathandiza kuti kuchepetsa kwambiri nthawi yoti katundu ndi anthu. Komabe, kaya kusankha olondola tingasonyeze nthawi yokha. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2000s atumwi, ankakhulupirira kuti m'tsogolo adzakhala kusintha Russia, amagwirizana ndi nanotechnology. Mu 2006, mlingo ankayembekezera kukula kwa msika pa 40% pa chaka. Koma izi sizinachitike. Kukhazikitsa ntchitoyi chitukuko cha nanotechnologies mu Russia wakhala si zinachititsa kuti kukonzanso mafakitale wa dziko, kapena kuchotsa kudalira zipangizo, osati kuwonjezeka noticeable mu mlingo wa bwino chuma.

zofunika

Opatsirana pogonana wakhala kukhala ndi mfundo ya boma la Russia kukhazikitsa dongosolo la mutsogoleli wa boma latsopano la Russia. otchedwa umisiri watsopano mafakitale kuti akhala injini ya chitukuko anali kudziŵika. Kukuyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito kuti akonze dongosolo dziko kamangidwe, mawerengeredwe ndi zochita zokha za mafakitale kudziwa ofotokoza. Mphindi ya Presidium msonkhano mu September 2014 munali mndandanda wa njira zamakono kuti anathandiza pansi pa opatsirana pogonana. Pakati pawo:

• Zowonjezera luso.
• Njira Makina ndi zochita zokha, kachitidwe mayendedwe wanzeru.
• Technology kapangidwe ka zipangizo ndi nyumba.
• Njira kupanga yadigito.
• Technology pulogalamu zoweta zimene zimafunika kulenga malonda.

mayendedwe ofanana akufuna ndi Utumiki wa Makampani la Chitaganya cha Russia. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, mapulogalamu zaumisiri ali akuyendera m'mayiko onse otukuka ndi kumene otukuka. zinachitikira World limasonyeza kuti awo kukhazikitsa amapereka chidwi umoyo ndi zachuma amadza ndi limalola kulimbikitsa mpikisano wa chuma cha dziko.

I kwa Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa misika

Nkofunika osati kugwirizanitsa zoyesayesa za malonda, sayansi ndi boma, komanso kupeza mfundo lamanja la ntchito yawo. Choncho, matenda opatsirana pogonana zikhazikitsidwe yaitali kulosera, imene muyenera kudziwa mavuto amakumana Russia mu zaka 10-15. Pa mtima wa Initiative National Technology zochokera malingaliro zotsatirazi:

• Poyambira - pamafunika anthu omwe akusintha pa nthawi.
• Misika ya m'tsogolo - zopezera yomanga ake.
• nthawi Planning - 2018-2035 chaka.

misika opatsirana pogonana zigwire pamaziko a muyezo zotsatirazi:

• Buku lonse ndi 2035 - oposa biliyoni madola 100 US.
• Pa nthawi, palibe msika kapena ayi ambiri kutsatira mfundo sayansi.
• Lathu kwa anthu monga wosuta mapeto.
• Network yomanga msika imene intermediaries m'malo mwa mapulogalamu.
• Kufunika kuchuluka kwa Russia kuonetsetsa zofunika anthu ndi chitetezo cha dziko.
• Pamaso pa chilengedwe RF kukwaniritsa ntchito mpikisano.
• Kupezeka kwa amalonda kuyesetsa kulenga makampani latsopano mkulu-chatekinoloje mu msika.

Kufufuza angathe Russia

Monga mbali ya opatsirana pogonana ankayembekezera kulenga naini misika yatsopano zina zamakono:

• EnergyNet.
• FoodNet.
• SafeNet.
• HealthNet.
• AeroNet.
• MariNet.
• AutoNet.
• FinNet.
• NeuroNet.

Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito amayang'anitsitsa angathe boma utsogoleri mu chitukuko cha luso kupanga chiwerengero zikalata setifiketi lofalitsidwa ndi iye. The ulamuliro wachilengedwe chizindikiro izi ndi za China. Pafupifupi theka la eni luso onse mwapatsidwa monga cha 2015 nkhani China. Russia sali m'gulu pamwamba 10 pa chizindikiro ichi. Pa la Russia chimachititsa% 0,18 yekha wa nambala lonse la zolemba kuti azilondera latsopano njira zamakono. luso okhonda makampani mayina Russia ndi eni luso 4 maulendo anthu.

Kuwopsa ndi kutsutsa polojekiti

Kukhazikitsa opatsirana pogonana mu Russia amagwirizana ndi mavuto otsatirawa:

• Chachuma Russian wokhala eni luso mu maulendo zosakwana mayiko kutsogolera umisiri watsopano kupanga. Ena mwa iwo ndi mayiko monga China, ndi US, Japan ndi South Korea.
• Mpaka 60-95% ya Russian Federation Mapatenti yopelekedwa kwa osakhala okhala Russia.
• Mu dziko m'munda wa umisiri watsopano mafakitale ndi makampani kutsogolera. Mu Russia, ndi patentees zambiri kuchita kafukufuku ndi sukulu.

zilili panopa

Pa msonkhano wa gulu ntchito "opatsirana pogonana" womwe unakhazikitsidwa ndi Agency kwa Strategic Njira, umene unachitikira pa June 22, 2016, inalongosola ziyembekezo oyamba mu Russia a teleportation (otetezeka uthenga), kulankhulana kwadzidzidzi ndi kudzipatula Chirasha. Cholinga cha polojekiti chotero ndi kuchepetsa zomvetsa ku Zigawenga mu 2035. Zikuoneka kuti zonsezi kudzakuthandizani kukhalabe 0.1% ya GDP. SafeNet ntchito kumaphatikizapo kulanda angapo mabungwe mu kulankhulana muyezo 5G, kupanga zopezera malo a chitetezo anthu ku kumuopseza Cyber, chitukuko cha wanzeru machitidwe kasamalidwe kunyumba, kachitidwe opaleshoni, galimoto yoyenda yokha ndi zinenero analemba. zomangamanga chitukuko kulankhulana kwadzidzidzi zakonzedwa 2035 mu Russian Federation, amene adzapereka kugwirizana kwathunthu otetezeka. Pakuti kuzindikira ntchito zinkafuna biliyoni 10 rubles. Ndipo ambiri a boma ayenera ndalama, kuphatikizapo kupyolera ankapitabe likulu ndalama ndi mabungwe chitukuko.

anapezazo

Kukwaniritsa ku Russian utsogoleri malangizo anafuna wa opatsirana pogonana kumafuna khama lapadera. Latsopano kupanga zipangizo zamakono, mosakayikira angathe kuchita zazikulu kwambiri kutukula, koma pali mavuto kwambiri kuti kukhazikitsa dongosolo anakonza. njira zawo kumafuna kuganizira yaitali. Komabe, zochitika padziko lonse limasonyeza kuti akwaniritse utsogoleri zamakono zotheka mu yochepa kwambiri nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, China anatenga yekha zisanu ndi ziŵiri. Maziko a chotsatirachi mapangidwe malembedwe aantchito, kuchulukitsa maziko alipo, zimene zimachitika pakati pa mayunivesite ndi malonda.