Social Democratic Party wa Germany: Akale ndi Ano

Kodi mtundu wa bungwe amateteza zofuna za nzika analenga Germany? The Democratic Social Party anakhazikitsidwa ndendende ndi zolinga. malangizo nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi zokomera kapena chikominisi yomanga anthu, koma izi wonyenga. Social Democratic Party wa Germany, zomwe pulogalamu zachokera malingaliro ya phiko kumanzere anali wokhoza kuti azolowere mumaganiza yandale yatsopano. Iwo anatenga bizinesi monga ndalezo chachikulu cha kupita patsogolo anthu, anathandiza kaphatikizidwe Germany ndi ku European Union, bwino ndi NATO.

Wopambana kusinthika kwa mbalume zofunika kwa zaka zoposa 150 kuli walola kuti gulu kukhala mumphamvu, ndi mwachangu kusanduliza dzikoli.

Mbiri ya yatsoka

Kunabweretsa Democratic Social Party wa Germany mu mbiri ya dziko lathu?

bungwe kunayamba 1863. A bizinesi odziwika ku Leipzig Ferdinand Lassalle anayambitsa gulu la ogwira ntchito German. Mwa kaphatikizidwe khama lawo, iwo anayamba kunena ufulu wao mu bizinesi - eni a makampani akuluakulu, omwe nthaŵi zambiri timatengeka antchito. The Association of antchito German anali kholo la ogwira ncthito kayendedwe

Pa nthawi ya German Ufumu kuchokera 1917 mpaka 1918 gululi anali mu malo ake za anthu miliyoni, ndipo gawo limodzi la chipani anathandiza chisankho mu 1919 a anthu German.

Pambuyo World nkhondo Ndataya kuti Germany, Democratic Social Party unagawika zigawo ziwiri. Mu 1918, mbali ya malingaliro a Marx ndi dziko zokomera zisinthe, gulu lake lotchedwa Communist. Ndipo iwo Social Democrats, kutsogozedwa ndi Fridriha Eberta kukakhalanso ndi gawo la mwaufulu osafuna kusintha kupondereza kumachitika mikangano ndi kupanduka Chikomyunizimu.

Kuyambira 1929 mpaka kudza kwa ulamuliro wa Hitler Democrats Social anapambana variable chisankho, mlandu ambiri, ochepa mu nyumba ya malamulo. Chifukwa chakuti chipani wakhala amadziwika bwanji kuti azolowere za zinthu zatsopano mu ndale, iye anakhalabe m'bwalolo ndale kwa zaka zambiri. Ngakhale mu ulamuliro wa ulamuliro wa Hitler, a Democrats Social ankachitika congresses theka kukambirana mapulani awo pa chitukuko tsogolo la Germany.

Kodi n'chiyani chinachititsa kusintha maganizo chikhalidwe democrat chikhalidwe mu 50 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo?

Kusintha lakuthwa maganizo miyambo kugwa mu 1950. A ambiri nzika German tatopa ndi apamwamba za wowopsa kalasi mikangano, ndi lochitira wa anthu ndi lingaliro la nationalization amakampani mafakitale. Mpweya ndinamverera euphoria ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse ndipo inalowa kuti NATO ndi EU.

Social Democratic Party wa Germany, pulogalamu yomwe anaikonzanso mu 1956, anayang'ana pa vuto la akumanga anthu zokomera kupyolera prism latsopano. Malingaliro atsopano anali kudalirana wa bizinesi ndi chuma kapena maphunziro zochokera.

Social Democratic Party wa Germany, amene mfundo chakhala penapake kusinthidwa, analenga latsopano "Godesberg Program" mu 1959. Iwo SPD kwathunthu anatengera msika chuma, izo anavomera lathu la Western ndi chitsitsimutso cha asilikali German. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu pulogalamuyi kulankhula za kufunika kwa chiyembekezo chakuti wa bizinesi komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa dziko la moyo chikhalidwe.

zikayenda chipani

The Social Democratic Party SPD kawiri Mokhumbira lalikulu m'bwalolo ndale.

Nthawi yoyamba izo zinachitika mu 1969, chifukwa cha chisankho cha boma latsopano motsogozedwa Willy Brandt. Mutu wa bungwe analowa magome a mbiri, kamodzi anagwadira chipilala za anthu amene Fascism ku Poland. Iye anatha kupeza chinenero boma la Soviet ndi anansi ake kum'mawa.

Pambuyo mtsogoleri watsopano Brandt anatuluka mu 1998. Social Democratic Party wa Germany (SPD), natsogozedwa ndi Gerhard Schroeder, amene analenga Mgwirizano ndi "wobiriwira". Schroeder pulogalamu anafuna kuchepetsa ulova ndi kusintha ubwino nawo pa nzika za Germany. Koma kusintha ake sadatsatire.

Pambuyo 2009 Democrats Social anakwanitsa lililonse chipani - wachikhristu Democrats.

Inde, Democratic Social Party anali anathandiza zachidziwikire kuti chitukuko cha Germany. Zinali iye amene analenga kuchepetsa tsiku ntchito maola 8. mabungwe ali nalo pomwe kukambirana ndi mamanijala amakampani lalikulu, ndi akazi anatha nawo chisankho. The Democrats Social achita mbali yaikulu kuchuluka kwa malipiro ndi kuonjezera ndalama chikhalidwe.

Ubwino waukulu wa bungwe liri kuti wakhala kulimbikitsa ufulu wa nzika, wosafuna kutsatira pomanga chitsanzo Soviet a anthu.

zipani kusinthasintha

Social Democratic Party wa Germany wakhala akuyesetsa kupeza chinenero mpikisano awo. Luso kukhazikitsa maubale ndi adani chinathandiza anthu ake zimakhala udindo akutsogolera boma ndi kukhazikitsa ndondomeko.

The Democrats Social lero

Lero tikhoza kunena molimba mtima kuti Democrats Social sanasangalale kutchuka woyambawo. ntchito yawo ndi mu mkhalidwe mavuto. Izo zikuwoneka ngati ndi nthawi kuchita kusintha ofunika pulogalamu awo. Ngati izo sizitero, amene amadziwa, padzakhala gulu m'tsogolo?

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Democratic Social Party wa Germany watumikira bwino kwambiri CIS ndi Eastern Europe. thumba lawo akuyendera boma ndi chikhalidwe mapulogalamu ambiri. Zochitika zikuchitika m'mayiko monga Poland, Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan ndi Kyrgyzstan.

ndi zikuchitika wa bungwe monga Democratic Social Party wa Germany chiyani? 2016, womwe watha mu September chisankho aphungu anasonyeza kuti Christian Democrats ndi Democrats Social zowawa fiasco ndale. Pakuti onsewo, zotsatira za chisankho zinali chifukwa koipa khumi zapitazi: ndi SPD wabweza 21,6%, pamene CDU - 17,6%.

Modern mfundo za Germany a Democrats Social

Chotero kodi mu bungwe monga Democratic Social Party wa Germany, pulogalamu? Mwachidule akhoza limafotokozedwa mwachidule mu mfundozo zotsatirazi:

• kulemekeza mfundo za kufanana chikhalidwe ndi chilungamo;
• kuteteza ufulu wa nzika za dziko;
• mphamvu nzika ufulu wofanana;
• kupanga chuma lolunjika pa zofuna chikhalidwe;
• asagwiritse boma lamulo la chuma;
• kuthandiza kwambiri m'dziko la ogwira ntchito, zimene angakhale woyenera mpikisano kuti mabungwe omwe siaboma;
• pansi nationalize mafakitale akuluakulu, makamaka usilikali, Azamlengalenga ndi gawo la mafuta;
• kupereka mgwirizano chikhalidwe pakati pa olemba ntchito anzawo ndi ogwira ntchito;
• kumanga boma komwe anthu onse adzakhala chikhalidwe kutetezedwa;
• kuteteza ufulu chuma ogwira ntchito;
• kukweza malipiro osachepera;
• kuthetseratu ulova;
• kutukula ntchito;
• konza moyenera popezera mpata zodzitetezera pa umoyo wake.

Gulu mzere chimatsatira kwa zaka zambiri.

Amene mitu bungwe pa nthawiyo?

Amene mitu Democratic Social Party wa Germany? Masiku ano wotsogozedwa ndi ndale zazikulu Sigmar Gabriel. Kuyambira 1999 mpaka 2003 anali pa positi kwa Nduna ya Saxony wotsika. Kuyambira 2001 kufika mu 2009, anaikidwa nduna ya Protection Environmental ndi Safety nyukiliya.

Pa November 13, 2009 kutsogozedwa ndi Democratic Social Party wa Germany. Mu 2013, anaikidwa nduna ya Economy ndi Mphamvu.

The Democratic Social Party mwa maso a akatswiri andale

Nanga maganizo ake ndi Democratic Social Party wa Germany lero? Akatswiri ambiri mfundo amakhulupirira kuti malo ndale Germany wayamba kusintha ofunika. chisankho m'mbuyomu March anasonyeza kuti ulamuliro mabwalo a Mgwirizano wa sasangalala ziyenda bwino pakati adzaponye chisanko cha. Izi makamaka bwanji Democratic Social Party. Ndipotu, kwa muyeso wa oponya mavoti ndi satenga bwino chuma, ndi kulephera kwa mfundo zothandiza anthu - yosamutsa wa otaya yaikulu othawa ku East.

Chisankho anali chizindikiro bwino wosakhutira ndi anthu ambiri omwe dziko lawo lasanduka yaikulu othawa kwawo. Kukana misa kuvomereza ochokera m'mayiko monga Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, ndi m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya, ali yekha kukula zochitika kale kovuta. Kulephera kwa boma la German kusonyeza othawa cholimbana nzika German kuzindikiridwa Kukwezeleza bwino AFD mu March boma chisankho.

Ngati CDU / CSU, malinga kwa anthu, ali ndi mwayi wopereka atengenso malo awo ndatayika, Democrats Social kuti zimenezi si anaoneratu. Chipani cha chaka watha mbali yake chaka. akatswiri andale ambiri mukuwona chifukwa chomwe pa 15 zapitazi linakhalapo, gululi lakhala osati akhazikitsidwa aliyense ndondomeko ya ntchito zatanthauzo.

Social Democratic Party wa Germany anayamba kutaya kutchuka kwake kuyambira 2000, chomwe chinali chizindikiro cha mavuto chimapangitsa kuti kulibe m'gululi. Posambira mu masankho Democrats Social mukuyesa kufotokoza mkulu mlingo wa mpikisano m'bwalolo ndale. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kuchepetsa mlingo anali chifukwa zikamera wa latsopano "wobiriwira" kumanzere. Kungoyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 90s otsiriza anayamba kufika mlingo wa chikhulupiriro oponya mavoti kugwa miyambo maphwando atatu: osafuna kusintha (CDU / CSU), olekerera (FDP) ndi Socialists (SPD). Pazaka zaka twente-faifi, khamu kayendedwe yandale yatsopano, amene analola nzika German mosamala kumatanthauza zofunika ake.

Mumadziwika wasayansi ndale Franz Walter, amene ali mwapadera kuphunzira mavuto azandale Germany, amakhulupirira kuti gulu la mapulogalamu m'ndale kugwedezeka malo a Democrats Social, ndi "wobiriwira" kumanzere akhoza kuwina ndi chidaliro wene. Pa nthawi yomweyo, phiko ndiwofatsa la msonkhanowu, malinga ndi akatswiri, ndi ubwino wa Christian Democrats ndi Mkhristu Socialists. Iwo alibe mpikisano kwambiri.

Kodi mfundo kuyambira zamavuto chiyani?

Zonse zinayamba kubwerera mu 1972, pamene Villi Brandtom anatsimikizidwa chokana a chipani monga kumbuyo zofuna za anthu ntchito. Amalimbikitsa lamulo la likulu latsopano wakhala analalikira. Popeza 2000, adzaponye chisanko ambiri anayamba kumanga tsogolo lawo ndi maphwando wina phiko.

mavuto zinthu za gululi ndiponso pa nthawi imene ulamuliro wa Gerhard Schröder, ndipo anatuluka mu nthawi ya mavuto azachuma ku Germany ali yekha kukula choimira osiyana ndi Democrats Social. Bundestag anatengera latsopano zisinthe pulogalamu "Mfundo zokakambirana 2010", kuchepetsa ndalama okhudzidwa: malipiro a ulova gawo linathetsedwa, adakula zaka zopuma pantchito kwa zaka 67. kugwirizana onse linaphwanya Democratic Social Party ndi mabungwe ndi mbali yaikulu - antchito.

Tcheyamani wa ogwira ncthito kuyenda mu Germany Mihael Zommer mu kuyankhulana ndi magazini Spiegel mu 2014 ananena poyera kuti mfundo Democrats Social 'salinso mu chidwi antchito nzika.

Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kugwa mu masanjidwe ngati gulu lalikulu ngati Democratic Social Party wa Germany (SPD), chifukwa chosowa mtsogoleri yowala Willy Brandt mtundu kapena, pa zikachitika, Gerhard Schröder. Contemporary atsogoleri ake ali bwino antchito phwando. Zonsezi sangathe kukhala nkhope ya gulu, chifukwa iwo alibe malingaliro mwapang'onopang'ono zimene zimalimbikitsa adzaponye chisanko. Izi zimapangitsa mphwayi kwa nzika zonse. akatswiri andale ambiri amakhulupirira kuti analakwitsa kwambiri anali kulekana kwa malo a mtsogoleri ndi woyenera bundeskantslera. ndi udindo wa Democratic Social Party wa Germany chiyani? Mtsogoleri Sigmar Gabriel, malinga ndi akatswiri, kuyesera mpando ndi kupewa udindo pa kugonjetsedwa chisankho.

mavuto chifukwa cha gulu ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu ake ku miliyoni 1 450 zikwi. zaka 30 zakubadwa ndi mtengo kuchepetsa kuyambira azaka 30 mpaka 59 chifukwa cha kukula kwa gulu la pensioners. Ikufanana ndi izi, ndipo limanena kuti lingaliro la Democrats Social sanali anthu ambiri pakati pa achinyamata ku Germany. Zonsezi chifukwa sakuyendetsa mopitirira mu chiwerengero cha mamembala a chipani.

Mugone Party Democrats Social ku Germany ndi Russia

Pambuyo kumayambiriro ziletso m'mayiko Western ndi buku m'dziko lathu la malonda pakati Russia ndi Germany anagwa kwambiri. Theka loyamba la chaka zinali zodzaza ndi kugwa mu zolowa 13%. wolowa German amagwa chizindikiro cha 20% mu dziko lathu. Loss wa chuma German ndi € 12.2 biliyoni.

Malinga akuluakulu a Unduna wa Economy la Germany, chifukwa cha mavuto a mgwirizano wa chuma mu poopsa wa ruble ndi kuchepetsa kugula mphamvu ya ku Russia.

Wotsatila Chancellor wa Republic of Germany Federal, Sigmar Gabriel anakumana ndi Pulezidenti Russian Putin, September 22, 2016 Vladimir chaka. manyuzipepala ambiri analemba za zotsatira za masiku awiri ulendo wa mfundo German mu Russia. msonkhano Akuti osokoneza.

Kodi tinganene chiyani za mabungwe monga Democratic Social Party wa Germany? Mtima kwa Russia kukhulupirika kwake. Wotsatila Chancellor wa Republic of Germany Federal, Sigmar Gabriel otchedwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa ojambula dziko lathu. Mu maganizo ake, osati Russia ku Gulu la Eyiti anali kulakwitsa aakulu. Pa nthawi yomweyo, anaona kuti ndife ayenera mosamalitsa kutsatira pangano Minsk kuthetsa mavuto mu Ukraine.

Motsutsa ziletso malamulo odana ndi Russian Gabriel ananena pa chiyambi cha 2015. Malinga ndi iye, ndi Russia ayenera kukhala patebulo positi ofesi osati kukakamiza miyeso yake zachuma. Mu April 2012, Gabriel poyera maganizo ake pa mfundo yakuti Germany ayenera Russia monga bwenzi lalikulu malonda. Komabe, udindo wachiwiri-Chancellor palibe kwambiri anakhudzidwa ndi maganizo lonse la Germany.

The wotsatila Chancellor ananena kuti anthu padziko lonse ayenera kupeza njira kugwirizana ndi Russia ndi kuti kutenthetsa vuto kale kovuta. Social Democrat ananenanso chakuti kudzipatula dziko lathu mu kufanana pempho boma la Russia kuti azithandiza kuthetsa nkhondo ku Syria mosatsata mtundu uliwonse wa maganizo.

Makina German anadzudzula wachiwiri-Chancellor

Ulendo Gabriel kwa Moscow anachititsa flurry mkwiyo wa atolankhani mumzinda Germany kale ulendo umenewu. Atolankhani ananena kuti boma la Russia amagwiritsa andale German kusonyeza kuzikhulupirira. FAZ wolemba Friedrich Schmidt analemba kuti Moscow akuyesera kuti mupereke maulendo anansi European monga umboni kuti si mu malo akutali.

atolankhani ndi atolankhani German pa wotsatila Chancellor zinachitika pa Ritz Carlton Hotel pa 22 September. Zikuoneka kuti andale kuyembekezera chotero nawonso ndi kuwamenya ndi kunena kuti lero unachitikira zokambiranazo ndi zokometsera ufulu wa anthu ku Russia. Malinga ndi andale Russian, Atangofika silimasewera m'manja mwa boma la Russia ndi owayimilira Western ayenera pitani Russia zambiri monga misonkhano kuthandiza kusalaza zotsutsana. Gabriel Dziwani atolankhani kuti amayesetsa kuvomereza ndondomeko za dziko lathu.

Choncho chuma kapena ndale?

Gabriel anakumana ndi olimbikitsa Russian ufulu wa anthu Daniilom Katkovym ku chipani "Parnassus", Galinoy Mihalevoy a "Yabloko" Grigory Melkonyants ndi anthu amene sanali phindu bungwe "Mau". mtumiki German anakambirana kuphwanya chisanko ku State Duma la Chitaganya cha Russia. Komanso anachita zokambirana za kunyalanyaza mfundo za demokalase ku dziko lathu.

Malinga ndi mfundo German, ambiri Russian zipani sizingatheke anavomereza kuti chisankho, woyesetsa kuthamanga pa ufulu wa kulankhula. Koma zokambirana za wachiwiri-Chancellor wa Leya anaberekera zikundiyendera. Mu kukambirana iye anayesa kusonyeza kuti cholinga chachikulu cha ulendo wake si ndale, ndi mavuto a zachuma.

Ndi wachiwiri-Chancellor anabwera gulu lalikulu la anthu amalonda German amene kugwirizana ndi amalonda Russian. Pamsonkhano wina anapezeka ndi mkulu wa Komiti ya German Economy Michael Harms (Michael Harms) kum'mawa ndi membala gulu la Siemens Zigfrid Rusvurm (Siegfried Russwurm). Ndi zofuna za bizinesi akuluakulu awiri ndi ankaimira Gabriel pa msonkhano ndi mtsogoleri wa dziko lathu Vladimirom Putinym ndi nduna ya Makampani Russian ndi Development Economic.

Gabriel anali mobwerezabwereza anatsindika kuti chisangalalo chachikulu ndi tsoka la 5,600 makampani German kuti ntchito mu Russia. Nkhani lamulo malamulo a chuma, komanso tanthauzo oletsedwa. Izi zonse kungasokoneze osati zofuna za makampani, komanso antchito awo.

Malinga Gabriel, mukhoza osati kulankhula za mavuto a zachuma, koma musati kuwakhudza Kungakhale kulakwitsa kwakukulu, kuyambira pambuyo imposition wa ziletso, kuchepetsa chidwi za ntchito zathu mdziko lathu ndipo mu Germany.

Pamsonkhano wina ndi mtumiki Russian funso anaukitsidwa za mmene tingachepetsere kudalira ndife a chuma, ndi kuthandizira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi sing'anga.

Chisankho mu Crimea ndi ziletso

Pamene kukhudza pa mutu ndale za Democratic Social Party wa Germany, Gabriel anayesa kupeŵa kutsutsa lakuthwa dziko lathu. Poganizira nkhani mfundo yachilendo zokhudzana ndi chisankho mu Crimea, pali wachiwiri-Chancellor inafotokoza kuti Social-Democratic Party amatenga malo ofanana zipani zina za malamulo a sitepe amenewa. The likhale chisankho mu Crimea mosemphana ndi chilamulo lonse, ndi lili pa nambala pakati analanda dziko lapansi. Chisankho mu Crimea, mu maganizo ake, oletsedwa. vuto lagona osati mu chisankho okha, ndipo zinachitika kwa iwo.

Ziganizo za ziletso European

Kodi mukuganiza za nthawi ziletso motsutsa Russian Social Democratic Party wa Germany? mtsogoleri anafotokoza mfundoyi maganizo wosiyana kwa Ulaya. Malinga Sigmar Gabriel, ndondomeko ndi mwachindunji amadalira kukhazikitsa mapangano a Minsk, koma zochotsa ziletso pa za chuma ayenera idzachitika sitepe ndi sitepe, ngati inu kumaliza mfundo zina za pangano.

The wotsatila Chancellor ananena kuti ankayang'ana vuto zenizeni ndi sayembekezera Russia kuti ntchito mtheradi wa zinthu zonse. Pankhaniyi, Gabriel ananena kuti imeneyi chigamulocho nkhondo chimadalira osati pa dziko lathu, komanso ku Ukraine.