Siteshoni Counterbattery yaitali zosiyanasiyana ndi luso

Pakuti kudziwika udindo mdani yowotcha ntchito counterbattery siteshoni Rada. Ndi thandizo lawo, anapanga mphako ndi kudziwa ndondomeko ya mabatire mdani, yolimbanirana ndi kupeza malo akatemera kudzudzulidwa zida zankhondo mwini. Mfundo ntchito ndi kudziwa zida zankhondo zipolopolo pa siteji yoyamba ya ndege, resection nkhondo zingapo chakudya kapena migodi kudziwa njira yodutsamo. Kufufuza Arc ndi processing deta ndi amatilola kuwerengera unsembe malo mfundo yowotcha mdani ndi kutifotokozera cholinga cha chiwonongeko mumsasa wawo.

Resection mfundo kuwombera adani scanned ntchito mtanda danga pamwamba m'chizimezime, kupanga chotchinga. Atabwerako chizindikiro siteshoni counterbattery poslezhivaet kayendedwe ka mipherezero mwa nthawi chofunika kudziwa njira yodutsamo yeniyeni munition lapansi. Poyerekeza ndondomeko anapeza njira yodutsamo wakhala malo kulandira mfundo zida zankhondo projectile kugwa. Mtundu wa projectile likungosonyeza ndi dzina siteshoni moto basi wapezeka, makulidwe mwachindunji la kugonjetsedwa mfundo za mphamvu yake ndi batire pafupifupi gulu lalikulu kuopseza.

Zinthu zamakono siteshoni counterbattery lalikulu osiyanasiyana kutenga mu osiyanasiyana 2-4.5 ndi 10-121 Hz. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti kunyalanyaza matope yowotcha mfundo pa mtunda wa makilomita 30, zida zankhondo udindo pa mtunda wa makilomita 50, ndipo chida launchers unkagwiritsidwa makilomita 80.

Ilo ndi gawo la siteshoni?

Rada ali okonzeka kugwira ntchito ya nkhondo:

• dongosolo mlongoti;
• zida chifukwa processing analandira deta;
• zida kulandira ndi kufalitsa chizindikiro;
• chipangizo kwa akupereka mauthenga;
• mains okwanira.

Rada tinyanga ndi counterbattery woimira planar phased lomenyera mlongoti (ndime) za mawonekedwe anayi. Chindodo elekitironi matabwa zikachitika, gawo lake kukodzedwa kwa 90º. kamangidwe ka lomenyera phased kwa kuonera mayiko mu madera osiyana yakwera makina nsanja ya kanthu.

zipangizo Kulumikizidwa ku ntchito ndi mauthenga ndi nzeru anayikidwa mu muli otakasuka kuti anayikidwa pa mawilo kapena m'mabande a magalimoto kudziletsa injini. Katundu mphamvu amalola kukwaniritsa matani oposa asanu. Kuonjezera dzuwa la zomera m'munda mowirikiza kukulitsa iwo, kuti ndi chitukuko ndi ntchito pulogalamu patsogolo mu kompyuta adakwera.

Zofunika ntchito za oyamba ndalama nzeru yodziyimira payokha ndi kukhazikitsa dongosolo zolondola kutchula alili. Dongosolo zatsopano amalola adakwera navigation pa yosamutsa kudziwa chao m'derali ndipo oyendetsa mlongoti ndi kudziŵa mfundo mdani yowotcha ndi zolondola kwambiri.

Ubwino okwerera nzeru

okwerera Counterbattery apangidwa ndi ntchito bwino chinkhoswe mmunda ndi kukhala pali zinthu zabwino zimene zingathe kukhala m'dera lino:

• Iwo mafoni zoyendera chipangizo kwa Rada reconnaissance;
• okwerera amatha kuonera m'madera ambiri pa maulendo ataliatali osiyanasiyana;
• deta pa mfundo mdani yowotcha ndendende kwambiri pompopompo;
• Mozama popanda nyengo ndi nthawi;
• Iwo akusonyeza wokonzeka mkulu mu gawo lirilonse la tsiku.

Ngakhale ngati mdani angazindikire siteshoni counterbattery pa mtunda choposa osiyanasiyana zipangizo kufufuza okha, ubwino tatchulazi kupereka kuthekera kuzigwiritsa ntchito kudziwa mfundo mdani yowotcha, ndicho zotakasika salvo machitidwe a zida zankhondo ndi matope.

Kauntala-batire Rada "Zoo-1"

Counterbattery dongosolo siteshoni Russian Rada akupereka Grau 1L219M, amatchedwa "Zoo-1." Launchers siteshoni amachita malo mwatsatanetsatane mivi reconnaissance, kachitidwe odana ndege, malo zida ndi zida zankhondo mfuti emplacements, matope udindo unsembe MRL mdani. Komanso, siteshoni adalira linaŵerengera ndege njira ya mdani moyo zipolopolo, mizinga, ndipo amathandiza kusintha ndiponso malangizo osiyanasiyana mfuti zawo, kulamulira airspace m'dera anapatsidwa, kuti kuwunika zipangizo opanda.

nkhani

Yambani angagwiritse okwerera kulandirana wailesi counterbattery "Zoo" kuika mu Mipingo ya atumwi wotsiriza m'malo panopa Rada dongosolo Arc-1 anayamba zaka khumi zapitazo. Anaika unsembe watsopano pamaziko a thalakitala, monga kale ntchito Arc, amene amawapatsa maonekedwe kufanana kwake. Awiri "Iskra" kafukufuku amene bungwe ndi "Strela" analenga unsembe atsopano. Pambuyo pa chiwonongeko cha Union, mabungwe awa akuikidwa pa mbali zosiyana za malire.

gulu "Iskra" anapitiriza ntchito yake mu Ukraine pa wamakono ndi chilengedwe cha zovuta "Zoo-2" pansi pa chizindikiro 1L 220 L, kuvala aliyense galimotoyo ndi luso kudziwa chandamale pa njira yodutsamo yaitali ndi zochepa khalidwe bandiwifi. Institute Research Tula akweza unsembe "Zoo-1", bwino kulankhulana ndi kusintha pulogalamu.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba ndi siteshoni patsogolo inafalitsidwa mu 2002, pa mayeso ku asilikali wagawo maofesi anatitumiza mu 2004. Mayesero inatha mu zaka zinayi ndipo mu 2008 anali mu utumiki Russian asilikali. Panopa, ndi zida zankhondo batire wa nzeru ndi kasamalidwe kwenikweni zikuphatikizapo dongosolo Rada.

General zokhudza "Zoo-1" siteshoni

Counterbattery siteshoni kutsatira nthawi yomweyo kulamulira moto 75 maudindo kufalitsidwa zida zankhondo ndi kupereka deta pa malo mkati woyamba masekondi 15-20 pambuyo kuwombera pa. zovuta The limodzi ndi projectiles mpaka 12 mu ndege, pamene kulankhulana ndi ulamuliro mfundo mawonekedwe amagetsi. siteshoni limafotokoza mfundo mdani yowotcha:

• mortars likungosonyeza mpaka 120 mamilimita pa mtunda wa 22 Km;
• mfuti 155 mm - 20 Km;
• MRL likungosonyeza mpaka 240 mm - 35 Km;
• malo mwatsatanetsatane mivi - mpaka 40 Km.

Station counterbattery ankalamulira ndege magalimoto opanda mlengalenga , ndi amene amalamulira kayendedwe ka makina ena mpweya m'munda wa view. zovuta ikupezeka msanga, monga chofunika zolinga resection kochepa cheza.

Chifukwa chaichi, kapangidwe batire amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kwa yochepa kukonzanso kwa mafurikwense analipo Kupha wailesi kuwasokoneza, mosiyana siteshoni counterbattery American-phokoso kuchotsedwa mosamala. Adalira mkati siteshoni zimatetezedwa ndi zida zonse za zipolopolo ndi shrapnel.

Ilo ndi gawo la zovuta "Zoo-1"?

Unsembe ndi oti muli nazo zida inamva thalakitala MT-LBU ndi magalimoto mkulu. Pa maziko ake ili:

• Rada chipangizo;
• utumiki mfundo;
• kukonza zida ndi kutembenuka pa Ural galimoto;
• trailed mafoni mphamvu 30 kW;
• lathu zipangizo yoyenda yokha m'munda.

Luso Kaperekedwe siteshoni Russian Rada

Gwiritsani ntchito zithunzi counterbattery siteshoni anapereka m'munsimu, ndi yabwino, chifukwa makhalidwe angathandize kuthamanga pa malo kutsogolo-mzere:

• adalira, popanda kusiya galimoto kumabweza siteshoni kwa mphindi zisanu;
• kayendedwe imagwiridwa ndi liwiro pazipita makilomita 60 pa ola limodzi;
• anapeza zopinga madzi kugonjetsa zovuta kusambira;
• Crawler thalakitala akuthamanga pa njira iliyonse;
• zonse n'kugula amalola kuyendetsa 500 Km popanda mafuta zowonjezera;
• siteshoni ikugwira ntchito mwa m'mapiri kuti meters 3 zikwi pamwamba pa nyanja .;
• pa ntchito zonse sikungawononge mvula, fumbi mitsinje ndi gusts wa mphepo yamphamvu;
• panja kutentha osiyanasiyana ndi kwa - 47 mpaka 50 ° C;
• zosavuta kunyamula mitundu yonse ya dziko, mpweya ndi zoyendera madzi;
• Imakhala ulamuliro yodzichitira ndi wodziimira kotunga magetsi;
• adalira ntchito mu malo omasuka;
• makina kuwunika udindo opaleshoni ndi kuvulala mwamsanga kutsogolera zovuta ntchito.

Zovuta AN / TPQ 36

Station counterbattery TPQ 36 Chinapangidwa ndi US makampani asilikali ndi chitetezo kudziwa malo a mdani matope maudindo, mfuti zida zankhondo ndi launchers roketi. zipangizo zovuta anaika pa galimoto m'munsi "Hammer" m'mene kumatheka permeability pa mitundu yonse ya misewu. Utumiki gulu la anatumizidwa siteshoni anayi.

Zovuta kulamulira Rada AN / TPQ 37

m'njira zambiri akufanana batire counterbattery siteshoni TPQ 36, koma zipangizo zili zisanu tani thalakitala kwa yokonza zovuta amafuna omenyana 6 mpaka 8. Kapangidwe ka batire umalowa ndi makina mokwanira ntchito malo woyendetsa, umene komanso oyang'anira mipherezero pafupifupi 100 mdani pa mapu amagetsi. Pa malo mu 2012 anamaliza gawo lotsiriza la patsogolo, amene amaloledwa kuwonjezera ntchito yawo mu Army US mpaka 2020. Wamakono anakhudza ulamuliro, navigation, mapulogalamu azionjezera, kuchuluka ntchito makompyuta m'ngalawa zovuta lapansi.

Kauntala-batire Rada AN / TPQ 53

malopa latsopano pang'onopang'ono m'malo siteshoni akale counterbattery zitsanzo US. Latsopano maofesi zambiri m'manja mwa analamula kuti, provisioning, iwo kupeza mfundo mdani yowotcha pa mtunda wa 60 Km, dongosolo pamalo wadutsa angapo patsogolo. Jenereta dizilo mtundu, yomwe ili pa ngolo imapereka ogwira ntchito magetsi anayi chofunika ntchito.

ntchito woyendetsa chachitika pa kompyuta awiri, mmodzi limene lili mu chipinda hardware, winayo okonzeka ndi zashuga galimoto ndi mlongoti munda. N'zotheka kulamulira zipangizo kuchokera pa mtunda wa makilomita 1 pa mzere wailesi. Pofuna kulimbikitsa siteshoni kuti ntchito kumenyana malo yonyamula ndege mtundu C-17. counterbattery okwerera izi US, zithunzi zomwe mungathe kuona pa cipangizo ici, lidzaloŵa m'malo alipo positi-2020.

Kupeza kunyamula siteshoni AN / TPQ-48 / -49

The US Army Battery anafika mu 2000, udaikidwa ichitikire ndi makampani awiri sayansi ndi asilikali. Cholinga cha dongosolo chinali kuteteza asilikali aboma, kupita kunja limati ndi matope moto ndi roketi-injini ukuuluka zipolopolo. Mwakhama ntchito mu ntchito kunkhondo ku Middle East. nthawi angapo mu mawonekedwe a chithandizo usilikali anamasulidwa khamu Chiyukireniya.

Zovuta zikuphatikizapo:

• chipangizo kulandira ndi kufalitsa tinyanga okonzeka;
• digito processing wagawo waveforms;
• kompyuta kukula yaing'ono;
• mafoni mphamvu zoyendetsera.

Kunyamula siteshoni adagulung'undisa ndipo anaikidwa masutikesi apadera awiri, natengedwa mosavuta chakwaniritsidwa galimoto.

mamba Rada

Chitukuko cha zida Rada kutenga Consortium mu 1998, batire kutumikira ndi magulu kumunda Germany, Turkey, England, France ndi Emirates. siteshoni deta luso angazindikire limodzi ntchito mphindi kuposa zolinga zana anabalalika pansi. Pambuyo 2020 NATO asilikali adzalandira mabatire atsopano ndi tanthauzo yaitali mfundo yowotcha mdani ndi kuchuluka kugwirizana mwa kuukira zawo.

Zipangizo zonse ntchito anasonkhana bokosi muyezo. ndi chidebe makoma yopangidwa ndi zisulo cholimba kuti adziteteze splinters kuwombera. The mlongoti nsanja imazungulira malangizo mwina, pamene onyamula apangidwe chogwiritsira. Mapu a pakompyuta a m'dera kumaonekera awiri zowonetsera zofanana PC yosiyana deta pa malo mfundo. Ntchito pa siteshoni ntchito awiri okha. Zizindikiro ntchito mamba Rada:

• Zida zankhondo osiyanasiyana kudziwika ogwira mtima ndi 20 Km;
• zipolopolo kudziwa ndege pa mtunda wa makilomita 50;
• siteshoni ikugwira ntchito mu opaleshoni osiyanasiyana 4-8 GHz;
• ndi azimuthal ngodya ya 270º;
• mwandondomeko mawerengedwe molondola uli mkati osiyanasiyana kuchokera 0,35 kuti 0,5% osiyanasiyana;
• unsembe tithe kugwira ntchito ndi coagulation kwa dislocation ndi pafupifupi 5 Mphindi;
• kuchita zinthu ziwiri zokha ntchito ya usilikali.

Station counterbattery ARTHUR

Kukula kwa mafoni buku la makina ounikira ndi kunachitidwa ndi makampani awiri kutsogolera asilikali a ku Sweden ndi Norway. Ana chifukwa lili ndi zinthu zapamwamba komanso kumupatsa mlingo kudziwika mu chilengedwe madigiri 180 600 pa mphindi. zida malo mwangwiro kutetezedwa mizinga protivolokatsionnogo kanthu ngati amathamanga diagrammatic mtengo pansipa kutalika nyamuka catchers. Pakuti kudziwika siteshoni chandamale yokwanira monga cheza kwa mphindi zochepa.

Sweden akupitiriza kafukufuku kulenga magalimoto malo ndi grids patsogolo. Station analandira kafukufuku, kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha ntchito, kasamalidwe makina kwathunthu. Mmodzi wa radars zikuphatikizapo GIRAFFE, mphamvu kuchuluka kawiri, siteshoni amalondola kuchuluka kwa mipherezero.

Battery moyo mu X-gulu kulenga tchati ndi kuchuluka kwa milimo ndi danga jambulani komanso mbali kumabungwe azimuthal 270 ndi 70º. Mwachidule bwalo pali nsanja kasinthasintha. siteshoni umagwira ntchito pa mtunda wa makilomita 50. Ndi zipangizo asilikali Ndi bwino kusamutsa kwa zitsanzo 2018 a mayiko chidwi cha England, Germany ndi United States.

Pomaliza, tisaiwale kuti siteshoni Nkhondo counterbattery kusonyeza opareshoni odalirika komanso ntchito zonse wawapatsa. Pambuyo 2020 kutenga utumiki wa kachitidwe modernized adzalola zambiri ndendende molondola kudziwa malo mfundo mdani yowotcha, pa yemweyo kudziwika mtunda amakhala kochepa, umene wopindulitsa kwambiri potsimikizira-batire nkhondo.