Kungoganizira mapangidwe hydrosphere lapansi. Kodi madzi Padziko Lapansi?

Monga ndipo pamene panali madzi Padziko Lapansi? Asayansi ndi kutsutsana pa nkhani imeneyi, koma yeniyeni ndi zomveka ayankhe chimene chasonyeza mpaka palibe wina wapereka. Masiku ano, pali mfundo zingapo za mmene madzi akhoza kupanga pa dziko. Mwa iwo kwathunthu chodabwitsa zomveka ndithu kungoganizira, koma pakali pano palibe mmodzi wa iwo si wolondola kwathunthu.

Kodi madzi Padziko Lapansi? Chidule cha malingaliro waukulu

Madzi kungathandize kwambiri kukhalabe moyo pa dziko, T. Kwa. Ndi waukulu mkati malo a chamoyo chilichonse. Popanda madzi munthu kupulumuka kwa masiku atatu pafupifupi kutaya 15-20% ya madzi zambiri limadzetsa imfa.

Kodi madzi Padziko Lapansi? Kungoganizira mapangidwe mankhwala ochepa, ndipo palibe silinakwaniritsidwe umboni zoona. Komatu iwo m'njira inayake kufotokoza mapangidwe a hydrosphere la dziko lathuli.

The amanena za chiyambi dziko la madzi

Gulu la Ofufuza apeza kuti madzi anaonekera ndi meteorites ambiri kugwa. Izi zinachitika pafupifupi biliyoni 4.4 zaka zapitazo, pamene dziko likadali mu Chiyambi chake, ndipo pamwamba pake youma, bwinja dziko, limene mlengalenga silinakwaniritsidwe anapanga.

Pa funso, kodi madzi pa Dziko Lapansi, kumbali ya amanena ndi udindo kuti mamolekyulu woyamba wa madzi anabweretsa meteorites iwo. Choyamba, mamolekyulu zimenezi zili mwa mawonekedwe a mafuta ndi anasonkhanitsa, ndipo kenako, pamene dziko linayamba kuziziritsa, madzi wadutsa mu boma madzi anapanga hydrosphere a dziko lapansi.

Mwina mapangidwe mankhwala madzi kwachitika kuchokera mapulotoni chachikulu hydrogen ndi anions mpweya, koma Mwina zimenezi zingachitike mu makulidwe a zakuthambo, amene kenako kugwa pansi lonse. yaing'ono.

kungoganizira wina, kodi madzi Padziko Lapansi

Iye anakonza gulu la ofufuza lotsogoleredwa ndi wotchuka wasayansi vs Safronov. Kwenikweni umenewu chagona mu kopanda chiyambi padziko lapansi ya madzi, umene unakhazikitsidwa mu kuya kwa dzikoli.

Mu zochita za meteorites ambiri kugwa nthawi za padziko lathuli wakhala incandescent kupanga wambirimbiri kuphulika, amene ankavutika chiphalaphala. Pamodzi ndi izo pamwamba anaima "nthunzi", chimene chinapangitsa mapangidwe hydrosphere lapansi.

Ngakhale kuti chiphunzitso maziko a chiyambi padziko lapansi ya madzi, sangathe kuyankha mafunso ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mmene miyala lithosphere ali kwambiri kusungunuka kwa zotsatira mu mapangidwe mapiri ambiri? Ndipo mmene nthunzi ya madzi anapanga? Poyamba, asayansi ankaganiza kuti panthawiyo anali kuuluka madzi, mwa mapiri ndi chiphalaphala adzatuluka mu mkhalidwe gaseous.

Chiphunzitsochi la mapangidwe nthunzi anakana P.Perro, zachilengedwe m'ma 17. Iye anatsimikizira kuti pansi anapanga chifukwa mpweya, ndipo zimenezi zimafuna pamaso pa chikhalidwe. zaka mabiliyoni 4.4 zapitazo, m'mlengalenga kulibe.

Chiphunzitso komaliza

Ndiyeno kodi madzi Padziko Lapansi? kungoganizira wina akhoza kubwera kuchokera mbali ina funso la mapangidwe a hydrosphere dzikoli. Mofanana ndi kopanda zapitazi vs Safronov ndi wake Co-olemba, amanena izi amaipidwa ndi madzi chiyambi lapansi.

kusiyana ndi kuti malinga ndi ofufuza za, mamolekyulu madzi anapanga ndi litayamba protoplanetary a Dziko Lapansi, ie, pa nthawi ya mapangidwe dziko palokha. Gwero la tinthu madzi anatumikira monga deuterium ndi oxygen.

Deuterium ndi wa hydrogen ochiritsira ndi nyutironi imodzi phata ake. isotope waukulu chinapezeka mwa zitsanzo wakale basalt opezeka Arctic pa Baffin Island (1985). miyala awa anapanga kuchokera particles fumbi protoplanetary si poyera pa mapangidwe dziko. Ofufuza za, chikhalidwe mankhwala deuterium ndi sangalole ndi isotope aumbike dziko.

Apa ndi momwe madzi anaonekera pa Dziko Lapansi malinga ndi asayansi awa. Ngati deta awa ali olondola, mapangidwe litayamba protoplanetary unakhazikitsidwa 20% a m'nyanja ano padziko lonse. Masiku ano, ofufuza kufunafuna njira kutsimikizira kuti madzi "protoplanetary 'anaumbidwa ambiri a m'nyanja dziko, komanso mumlengalenga nthunzi ya madzi ndi pansi.