Shmidt Otto Yulevich: Wambiri, anapeza, zithunzi

Shmidt Otto Yulevich - kufufuza kwambiri a North, ndi zakuthambo Soviet ndi masamu, States ndi chithunzi anthu, Hero wa Soviet Union, wafika kuzindikira lonse mu gawo la sayansi.

Pa chiyambi cha njira zovuta ndi chidwi

ndi amene Otto Yulevich Shmidt ndi chopereka kwa sayansi Soviet wapanga munthu uyu? Anabadwa tsogolo ogonjetsa a m'mayiko kumpoto 30 September 1891 mu Belarus (mzinda wa Mogilev). Mtima wofuna kudziwa ndi chidwi kwambiri Otto anasonyeza kuti kuyambira ali mwana. Wangayo banja lake ndi malo zinachititsa kuti zinthu zisinthe pafupipafupi sukulu (Mogilev, Odessa, Kiev). Mu 1909, Shmidt Otto Yulevich, amene yonena ndi chitsanzo omveka cha kudzipereka, maphunziro ndi n'kulandira mendulo ya golidi pa zolimbitsa thupi chakale mu Kiev, ndiye Physics ndi Masamu la Yunivesite Moscow. Monga wophunzira a Otto anali kupereka mphoto kwa ntchito masamu. Pa mapeto a bungwe mu 1913, ndi luso mnyamata anatsala kukonzekera professorship a. ntchito kwambiri masamu anali monograph "Chiphunzitso umboni wa magulu", lofalitsidwa mu 1916.

Schmidt a pantchito yabwino

Ntchito Otto Yulevicha - adzapeza pulofesa wothandizira - mofulumira kusunthira mmwamba. Ndi luso lake lolinganiza, ndi mwachangu nawo zinthu zosangalatsa, mnyamata anadzionetsa m'madera ambiri a moyo. Iye ankachita nawo kupereka golosale ndi ntchito mu Utumiki wa Provisional Boma la chakudya, ndiye mutu wa Office kuwombola katundu, mu kufanana kufufuza malamulo a ndondomeko ya umuna.

Popeza 20s wa Shmidt Otto Yulevich anaphunzitsa masamu maphunziro, ndipo mu 1929 walunjika Dipatimenti ya ajebura a University Moscow. bwino kwambiri unaonekera mwa maphunziro: kukonza maphunziro akatswiri a unyamata sukulu, analenga masukulu luso, maphunziro kwa ogwira ntchito za mafakitale ndi zomera, iye kukhonzanso Maphunziro apamwamba. Zinali Otto Yulevich Shmidt (zaka za moyo - 1891-1956) anayambitsa ambiri kufalitsa mawu akuti "maphunziro wophunzira".

Ntchito pa Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Short yonena Otto Shmidta chidwi ngakhale mbadwo wachinyamata, womwenso pa chiyambi cha moyo ndi njira, ndipo kusintha mwina kwambiri. Motsogozedwa wake, inakhalapo yaikulu yosindikiza nyumba, amene cholinga si malonda, ndi maphunziro chikhalidwe kapena ndale. Chipatso cha vuto lalikulu ndi khama Otto Yulevicha - The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, woyambitsa ndi mkonzi wamkulu wa chimene iye anali. Pokonza magazini multivolume anali ophatikizana khama la ziphiphiritso zambiri chikhalidwe ndi asayansi ndi chidwi ndi kufunika kwa kusinthika zokomera. maphunziro sikumatha achititsa kuti kuchita chidwi kwambiri ndi mavuto a mbiri ya sayansi ndi sayansi achilengedwe. Nkhani ya malo amenewa, komanso malipoti ena pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana Schmidt pamaso pa gulu lonse.

Otto Yulevich Shmidt: ulendo

Kuyambira pa unyamata wake Schmidt anadwala TB, kuti mukhale zaka khumi zilizonse. Mu 1924, Soviet wasayansi anapatsidwa mwayi kuti thanzi lawo ku Austria. Pali Otto maphunziro kudutsa mapiri sukulu. Kukhala pa mutu wa Soviet-German ulendo, mu 1928, anaphunzira kuwundana Pamir. Zaka khumi kuyambira 1928 wakhala anadzipereka kuphunzira ndi chitukuko ya Arctic.

Mu 1929, pa Chombo "Sedov" unakhazikitsidwa Arctic ulendo bwinobwino anafika Franz Josef Land. Bay Chete Schmidt analenga kumalo ozizira Geophysical Observatory kafukufuku dziko ndi pamavuto a chilumbachi. Mu 1930, pa ulendo wachiwiri anali anapeza zilumba ngati Isachenko, Wiese, Long, Voronin Home. Mu 1932, a Chombo "Siberians" kwa nthawi yoyamba anagwira navigation ngalande kuchokera Arkhangelsk mu Pacific Ocean. Mutu wa maulendowa anali Shmidt Otto Yulevich.

Bwino ulendo wa

Bwino ulendo watsimikizira kuthekera wa chitukuko yogwira kozizira zolinga zachuma. Kukhazikitsa yeniyeni ya polojekiti unapangidwa bungwe ndi General Directorate wa kumpoto Nyanja Route, mkulu amene anali Shmidt Otto Yulevich. Cholinga cha bungwe ndi chitukuko cha njira zovuta, zida zake luso, maphunziro a chuma kumalo ozizira mchere, gulu la kafukufuku mabuku. M'mphepete anafulumizitsidwa yomanga okwerera nyengo laperekedwa mphamvu zikuluzikulu ayezi shipbuilding, wailesi ndi ndege kumalo ozizira.

chipulumutso Chelyuskinites

Kuyesa kuthekera mwangofikira sitima zapamadzi Arctic Ocean mu 1933 ku "Sibiryakova" anatumizidwa ku Sitima "Chelyuskin" kutsogoleredwa ndi Otto Yulevichem ndi V. I. Voroninym. ulendo panafika anthu a kudzinenera osiyana, kuphatikizapo akalipentala, umalimbana yomanga nyumba zokhalamo winterers. Pa Wrangel Island amayenera kumtunda wintering gulu ndi mabanja. Maulendowa inatha kwambiri: chifukwa mphepo ndi mafunde "Chelyuskin" sanathenso kutuluka mu Pacific Ocean. chotengeracho wosweka chisanu, chifukwa mu likumira kwa maola awiri. anthu 104 Shackleton pa ayezi floe, anakakamizika amathera miyezi iwiri yozizira kumalo ozizira, mpaka iwo anapulumutsidwa ndege. Ndege, amene anawomberedwa kuchokera Chelyuskinites ayezi floe, anakhala Zimphona la Soviet Union. Mu masiku posachedwapa zinthu kumpoto ankhanza Schmidt anadwala ndi chibayo ndi kunditumiza ku Alaska. Mankhwala, mu Russia anabwerera ku khalidwe otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse. Malipoti a sayansi kupita patsogolo ndi tsogolo la chitukuko la Arctic expanses kafukufuku North Otto Yulevich Shmidt anaonekera mu Russia ndi mayiko ena. Hero wa Soviet Union kupereka Schmidt mu 1937; wasayansi pa nthawi, bungwe kukaona ku North Pole, cholinga chimene anali kulenga siteshoni yobwerera kumeneko.

Cosmogonic kungoganizira Schmidt

M'ma 40s wa Schmidt waika patsogolo latsopano cosmogonic amanena za maonekedwe a Dziko Lapansi ndi dziko lapansili ndi dzuwa. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti matupi awa anali mpweya konse otentha matupi anapanga zovuta, particles ozizira pa nkhaniyi. Kukula kwa buku lino la Shmidt Otto Yulevich anapita mpaka mapeto a moyo, pamodzi ndi gulu asayansi Soviet.

matenda Schmidt a

Pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, Shmidt Otto Yulevich, amene yonena ndi chitsanzo cha mtsogoleri wabwino, iye anatsogolera ndondomeko achoke ndipo anasankha ntchito za mabungwe a kusukulu ndi mkhalidwe watsopano kwa dziko. Kwa dzinja 1943 TB moti anakhudzidwa thupi lonse. Otto Yulevichu madokotala nthawi amaletsedwa kuyankhula; nthawi zambiri ankachitira m'nyumba zosungira anthu, ndipo mu zaka zomalizira za moyo wake unali pafupifupi chigonere. Koma pa nthawi iliyonse kusintha mkhalidwe lake, iye anayesetsa kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale lectured mu Leningrad ndi Moscow. Otto anafa September 7, 1956 pa dacha ake Masing, pafupi Zvenigorod.

Shmidt Otto Yulevich: Chidwi Mfundo

Moyo Otto Yulevicha Shmidta zoipa ankasinthana lakuthwa: kuchokera masamu, iye anasanduka States a. Kenako, adatengedwa ndi chilengedwe cha buku lina, ndipo anakhala wapaulendo-upainiya. Ena mwa zochitika mu moyo wa munthu wamkulu uyu zinachitika chifuniro chake, ena - mwangozi. Otto Yulevich Shmidt, amene lalifupi yonena mbadwo wamakono ndi chitsanzo chabwino, wakhala ntchito mu mphamvu, ndi dzuwa pazipita, osalola yekha mpumulo kamphindi. Chinathandiza erudition ichi, mosatopa chidwi, kudziletsa ntchito, ndi mfundo zomveka bwino maganizo, luso kuunikila mfundo zofunika pa maziko ambiri Mipikisano tasking, demokalase mu ubale wa anthu ndi luso kugwirizana ndi ena.

Panthawi ina, matenda ndi kusiya anthu a anthu anasangalala zoseketsa conversationalist, munthu wofunitsitsa mphamvu za kulenga, anazolowera mchitidwe ntchito pagulu. Otto Yulevich Shmidt, yonena mwachidule zomwe angachititse chidwi achinyamata, musataye mtima: akadali kwambiri kuwerenga. Kudziwa za chiwonongeko wake pafupi, iye anasiya moyo mwanzeru ndiponso mwaulemu. Otto Yurevich m'manda mu Novodevichy manda. Anakumbukira munthu uyu ndi likulu ndi moyo imeneyi mu buku la ntchito anasankha, kupatsa dzina headland pa gombe la nyanja Chukchi, Peninsula, Novaya Zemlya zilumba za ku Nyanja Kara, zikupita limodzi nsonga mu Pamir Mountains, komanso Institute of Physics a Dziko Lapansi.