Chiphunzitso Maslow a

Mumadziwika chiphunzitso cha zofuna Maslow nthawi yomweyo chidwi lonse kuchokera sayansi polojekitiyo publicists, pagulu. Simungathe ngakhale momveka kuyankha funso la n'chifukwa chake anthu ambiri. Kapena kuthokoza kumasulira m'malo pachiyambi sayansi zenizeni umoyo ndi zachuma ya dziko ano, kapena zokwanira ufulu chithandizo kwa malamulo a kusanthula sayansi, chifukwa cha zimene ali nazo, mu muyezo wina manyazi kwambiri.

Abraham Maslow - wotchuka American zamaganizo a atumwi wotsiriza maziko a chiphunzitso chakuti m'ma makumi asanu, nthawi yamavuto ndi akuluakulu a sayansi chikhalidwe, chimene iye anamva bwanji pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse ndipo sangathe kuyankha mafunso okhudza malo munthu ali osauka anthu positi-mafakitale. The ntchito yaikulu ya wasayansi wa - "Kukopa ndi Umunthu" - anakhala ngati kuyesa kupendanso ndi dongosolo la chikhalidwe asapita mu chimango cha watsopano akutulukira, poyamba pa zonse, chowonadi zachuma. Choncho, chiphunzitso cha Maslow anakhala oimira otchuka nthambi zambiri sayansi chidziwitso, chuma, akatswiri, zamaganizo. cholimba kwambiri kuti walowa mu ena sayansi ndale ya zomangamanga, makamaka gawo kumene wasayansi atamukoka pozindikira kufunika kukhazikitsa okhwima asapita ndale chifukwa cha khola chitukuko chuma limati.

Mu mawonekedwe losavuta, mfundo Maslow kuperekedwa monga chiphunzitso ongokhala ziphunzitso ziwiri mwachilungamo yoyenda yokha.

The oyamba - chiphunzitso cha utsogoleri wolowezana wa zofuna - chapeza kutchuka mu chitukuko cha chitsanzo positi-mafakitale chitukuko, lathunthu kwambiri kumaonekera chiphunzitso otchedwa a boma moyo, ndi, kuwonjezera, wasanduka mbali ya maphunziro ano zachuma monga mbali ya kusanthula zazikulu za citukuko.

Wina kudera la cholowa sayansi - umunthu chiphunzitso cha Maslow, zomwe zachokera kungoganizira chitukuko munthu zochokera utsogoleri wolowezana wa zofuna anthu. kufunika kwake kwagona kuti Maslow anali wokhoza amathera chidwi kwambiri mbiri ndi chikhalidwe kuzindikira za chitukuko cha majini a anthu a mogwirizana ake organic ndi chitukuko cha munthu aliyense ndi kuphunzira chitukuko cha zolinga.

Scientific kulingalira Maslow zinamangidwa pa mfundo yoti zinthu zofunika kwa munthu ndi chimodzimodzi chiyambi chomwecho, koma chifukwa cha ubale wawo ndi zimene zimachitika pakati pa dongosolo ali chinthu chimodzi chofanana - ufumu. Akamanena za amanena kungakhale kosavuta kulingalira njira chilichonse zosowa zosiyana za magulu osiyana siyana ndi anthu, mkati yake wolowezana ndi zopezeka mu kachitidwe. Oda ndi zovuta kwambiri ndi osiyanasiyana, kotero Maslow m'gulu zofuna malinga ndi muyezo ena ndipo amayenera magulu akuluakulu asanu mkhalapakati ndi zolinga zosiyana. Komanso chiphunzitso Maslow ikusonyeza ndi gulu la zolinga okha, kumene ankachita monga kuchepekedwa ndi existential.

Gulu loyamba ndi woyambitsa mfundo ukugwira zolinga kuti kulimbikitsa anthu kuti ntchito wosangalala zosowa zofunika - chakudya, kupumula tulo, etc.

zolinga Existential kutsogolera munthu kuti zosangalatsa, tenga udindo wapamwamba, kuzindikira maloto awo. amajambulapo maluwa okongola izi bwino amangoona pamene zofunikira za choyamba zolinga gulu sikugwirizana. Ichi ndi mbali yoyamba chitsanzo masanjidwe zosowa Maslow a.

Okha amafunika chiphunzitso Maslow a zimagawidwa m'magulu asanu lalikulu, iwo sachita monga kufalitsa pa ena malo, namanga mu okhwima kuti masanjidwe, amene anapereka Maslow piramidi mawonekedwe.

M'tsinde mwa piramidi ndi zosowa zokhudza thupi, mwachitsanzo, amene ndi olimbikitsa kuyambitsa ntchito kwa m'zigawo za chakudya ndi makhalidwe ena thupi thandizo moyo.

Pa mlingo wachiwiri Maslow anaika zosowa za chitetezo zokhudza.

Zotsatirazi "pansi" kwa piramidi Maslow anaika zofuna za chikhalidwe ndi thupi kulankhulana kuti zokhudzana, kugonana, kubalana.

Ayenera kusinthidwa mu kudzikonda zokhudza munthu mu ufumu wolowezana Maslow ali pa mlingo chachinayi.

Ndipo potsiriza, kufunika kudziletsa actualization wa munthu, kulenga kudzikonda kwake actualization, chiphunzitso Maslow a anapereka malo pamwamba pa piramidi.

dongosolo ndi amphamvu ndipo zimadalirana: kukwaniritsa enaake kukwaniritsa zofuna za chilengedwe amachita chinachititsa kukomana ndi zofunikira zotsatirazi.

Mu nyengo ina ya ntchito sayansi kusanja Maslow zinalimbikitsa ku zosowa zawo ku gulu yosavuta zosowa ndi zofuna za chitukuko.