Sherpas - anthu apadera amene amakhala m'madera akumidzi Nepal. Bakuman phiri okhala nthawi zonse mu mthunzi wa Phiri Everest. anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti mtundu uwu ali wamphamvu zosaneneka ndi zabwino okwera anatengera. Iwo amadziwa bwino kuposa wina aliyense lamapiri mtunda ndi kutenga udindo waukulu chiwerengero cha kukwera phiri la Everest.
Anthu ochokera kum'mawa
Pamene linamasulira "sherpa" amatanthauza "anthu ochokera kum'mawa." Pa mbiri ya anthu odabwitsa pang'ono yodziwika. Iwo amanena kuti makolo awo anachokera ku Tibet, ndi iwo eni Sherpas ndi Mongolian mizu. Tikhoza kunena kuti sherpas - ndi Chitibeta. Mountain anthu akulankhula m'chinenero chimene amasiyana pang'ono kuchokera Chitibeta. Sherpas kuchokera kwa makolo awo anatengera miyambo, zovala, chakudya suoneka. Lero, mfundo "sherpas" anakhala mawu banja. Kudzagonjetsa Everest Tenzing Norgay mu autobiography wake, "Amabereka Snow" analongosoledwa bwino fuko lino mizere ochepa: "Mwanayo wakweza mutu wake ndipo akuona phiri lalitali. Kenaka akumuyang'ana pansi ndi kuona katundu. The mnyamata modekha Amachichitira ndi ikuthawa ndi katundu pa phiri. Kupita pamodzi ndi katundu - izo n'kwawo mwachizolowezi Sherpa. Katundu - gawo la thupi lake ... "Mwina n'chifukwa chake mwa alendo maganizo" sherpa "kwa zaka zambiri n'zogwirizana ndi kalozera phiri kapena wapakhomo.
NKHANI phiri anthu
Sherpas - mtundu alibe olembedwa chinenero. Mu masiku a sabata, iwo motsogozedwa ndi Chitibeta kalendala. Mountain anthu safuna kugwiritsa ntchito maina, koma maina awo akhoza kusintha moyo. Sherpas, mofanana ndi makolo awo, ndi otsatira a Chibuda. Komabe, iwo si kofunika kwambiri miyambo, miyambo, kwa iwo chinthu chachikulu - kukhulupirira moyo. Mapemphero phiri anthu Nepali kuganizira. Apa, anthu milungu mosavuta ngodya ya chipinda pemphero kunyumba. Mabanja ena m'makhoti anapereka mizati, chokongoletsedwa ndi mbendera wapadera. Sherps akufa liwotchedwe ngati Amwenye. ana ndi anthu amene anafa mu mapiri yekha, manda. Maonekedwe, phiri anthu pafupifupi palibe zosiyana ku Mongolia. Taonani, zikuwoneka ngati Sherpas. Photos awa anthu chodabwitsa ndi anapereka m'munsimu.
A tsiku lililonse Sherpa
Nepalese phiri anthu amadzuka m'mawa kwambiri - ndi kunyezimira woyamba wa dzuwa. Ndipo pomwepo kuyamba kugwira ntchito. ntchito Sherpas ndi kunyamula katundu. Pali ponse angakuperekeni mchere mu Kathmandu ndi Tibet kubweretsa ubweya. Sherpas samuopa otsetsereka. Akuchita tsiku ndi tsiku maola 10 ulendo ndi katundu chokwera phiri ndi kumbuyo. Holide imeneyi iwo okha kumayamba 5 pm, pamene dzuwa amakhazikitsa. Iwo amaima pa alendo mbaula-masitovu. Komanso pamalowa mungathe osati kudya, komanso kutentha. Sherpas - anthu n'zosadabwitsa Hardy. Iwo anayamba ntchito odikira mwamsanga zaka 12. Ndipo 14 - amaukitsidwa kuti pa msinkhu wina wa makwerero ntchito: kukhala atsogoleri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti katundu wawo wa tsiku unasanduka mbandakucha, ndi zasungidwa kuchuluka kwa $ 7 $ 15 patsiku. Wamuongola, mosiyana ndi odikira akhoza kulankhula kwa alendo, ndi m'tsogolo - kukhala membala wa gulu la okwera.
banja
Kodi Sherpa chomera banja? Kodi ana awo moyo? Timayesetsa kupeza mphindi chidwi. Nepalese phiri anthu kwenikweni akutembenukira banja, wopangidwa mwa mkazi mwamuna ndi ana. Maudindo ali: bambo anga tsiku lililonse amagwira ntchito ngati kalozera ndi mayi ake chinkhoswe m'nyumba. M'mayiko ambiri, mkazi kukonza m'nyumba, kukonza chakudya, kulera ana. Komanso azimayi ambiri amaonabe ndi kiosk kakang'ono kamene amagulitsa tchipisi ndipo zosiyanasiyana zakumwa. Sherpa House mpata uliwonse alendo. Tikhoza kunena ndi nyumba ya alendo odzacheza alendo. Tikumbukenso kuti Sherpas oona mtima. Ngati alendo akuwafunsa kuti kusamalira chuma chawo, iwo sudzapereka ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo chokwanira. Koma chifukwa cha msonkhano uno, iwo angafune kuti yaing'ono phindu la ndalama.
Features khitchini
Sherpa dziko zimakopa kwambiri anthu apaulendo. Anthu ambiri akufuna kudziwa lodabwitsali phiri anthu ndi kuyesa zakudya kwawo. Sherpas chabe kadyedwe. Iwo satsatira menyu yeniyeni. Pa tebulo awo mukhoza kuona mbale nyama, zakudya zouma, ngakhale katundu zam'chitini kuti kusiya malo pano. Traditional Sherpa mbale okonzeka Mo-Mo. Pa zikuchokera mbale akufanana msuzi, kwa yemwe ali anawonjezera dumplings. Ku zakumwa Sherpas monga mowa, womwe wapangidwa kwa mpunga, balere, ndi tiyi. miyambo tiyi ikuchitikira kangapo patsiku.
majini ya m'mapiri
Ngati mudzapempha Nepalis, kumene sherpas makamaka moyo, sanazengereze kuyankha kuti: "Mu mapiri". Ndiko kumene "anthu ochokera kum'mawa" taika nyumba zawo. Alendo sitileka ndibwereze izo Sherpa Alpine chibadwa: ali ndi Hardy ndi mtima. Kukwera phiri kwa tsiku Sherpa - chodabwitsa achilengedwe. Iye sanali kuona chilichonse zodabwitsa. kupirira zachilendo ndi amuna, akazi ndi ana. Lingaliro la "kugonana chochepa mphamvu" mwa Sherpas kulibeko. Apa akazi ndi ofanana kwa amuna anyamula akatundu olemera ndi kuchita ntchito zovuta. A mtolo Sherpas msanga anatola ndi kumuyika iye pa mphumi. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kunyamula katundu wolemera pa mtunda wautali.
Kodi kufika Sherpas?
Mu mapiri a Nepal anthu Sherpas. Kodi iwo chimodzimodzi ndi mmene kuyenda? Ndi kuthetsa waukulu wa Sherpas - Namche Bazaar, ndiwo 3880 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja (kum'mwera dera la Khumbu). Msewu wopita ku mudzi wa kuphiri anthu kudutsa mtsinje chigwa mkulu Kosi. njirayo ndi yopapatiza ndithu, osapitirira mita, ndipo iye cholizira ndi ovuta phompho. Pa njira kwa Sherpas anapeza atapachikidwa milatho kuti kulumikiza m'midzi yapafupi. Ngati njira anayamba patsogolo, izo zikutanthauza kuti inu muli pafupi ndi mudzi wa Namche Bazaar. Apa chimayambira kunyumba mokondwera ndi sherpas olimbikira. Tikumbukenso kuti njira Namche Bazaar akufanana ulendo chidwi. The mtsinje chigwa amasangalala apaulendo mitunda kwabasi. Pa njira kwa Sherpas, alendo kuwona otchuka glacial lokwera likufika pakati pa nsonga ndi Kariolung Kangtayga.
Kugonjetsedwa Everest
Amadziwika kuti "anthu ochokera kum'mawa" anabwera mobwerezabwereza pamwamba pa phiri wotchuka. Sherpas pa Everest kwa nthawi yoyamba inatuluka mu 1953. Ndi pamene New Zealand wofufuza Edmund Hillary ndi Sherpa Tenzing Norgay anatha kukwera kwa chimbuzi cha dziko. Polemekeza chintchito Hillary kuvala phiri mbendera ndi Tenzing anaika mu chokoleti chisanu kuthokoza milungu thandizo lawo m'njira yovuta. Wina Sherpa, Apa Sherpa, osati anakwera m'phiri la Everest. Choyamba chakwaniritsidwa mlingo umenewu mu 1990. Kenako Tenzing chaka chilichonse pa phiri. Nthawi yotsiriza anachita mu 2011 ndipo anakhala katswiri weniweni mapiri. Palibe anatha kubwereza mbiri yake - 21 kukwera Everest. Sherpa wina kudabwa dziko. Pemba Dorje anatha kukwera kwa chimbuzi cha dziko maola 8 ndipo mphindi 10. Ndipo Babu Chiri Sherpa anakwera phiri, ndipo anakhala kumeneko maola 21. zochitika mwina motsanzira ndi okwera kwambiri a Dziko Lapansi. Sherpas tiyenera kuwalemekeza. Paradoxical mmene zingamvekere, koma analephera kugonjetsa Everest odikira yosavuta Chitibeta ndi kuwatsogolera. Ndipo komabe Sherpas kupitiriza ayende maulendo alendo kumapiri. Iwo sitileka ntchito zinthu zoopsa akuwauza, chifukwa ndiwo ndalama zawo. Njira yokha yomwe iwo akhoza kudyetsa pamodzi ndi mabanja awo.