Rorschach test. Chiyeso cha kuphunzira za umunthu

Mabala a mayeso a Rorshach amadziwika kwa ambiri lero. Mlengi wake anamwalira molawirira kwambiri, ali ndi zaka 37. Iye sanaonepo kupambana kwakukulu kwa chida cha maganizo chomwe iye anapanga ...

Mayeso a Rorschach amachokera pa kusonyeza mawanga 10 a ink: zisanu zakuda ndi zoyera, mitundu itatu ndi ziwiri zakuda ndi zofiira. Katswiri wa zamaganizo mwa dongosolo lokhazikika amasonyeza makadi, kumufunsa wodwala funso: "Kodi zimawoneka bwanji?" Kenaka, wodwala atapereka mayankho ku yesero la Rorschach, katswiriyo akuwonetsanso kuyang'ana makadi, kachiwiri mwa dongosolo lina. Nkhaniyi imapemphedwa kutchula chirichonse chomwe iye angawawonere, komanso pomwe ali pachithunzi iye adawona chithunzi chake, ndi zomwe zimapangitsa wodwalayo kupereka yankho. Mukhoza kuyendayenda, mutembenuzire zipsinjo za mtanda wa Rorschach. Mutha kuwatsogolera m'njira iliyonse. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, katswiri wa zamaganizo akuyesa mayeso a Rorschach molondola amalemba zonse zomwe wodwala amachita komanso amayankhula panthawi ya mayesero komanso pamayankho onse. Pambuyo pazomwe ziwerengerozo ziwerengedwa, mayankho amafufuzidwa. Ndiye ndi chithandizo cha masamu zotsatira zimapezeka.

Mayeso a Rorschach amatanthauziridwa ndi katswiri. Ngati munthu samayambitsa mayanjano aliwonse ndi inki, ndipo sangathe kunena zomwe akuwona, zingathe kutanthauza kuti chinthu chomwe chikuwonetsedwa pa khadicho chatsekedwa m'maganizo mwake, kapena kuti chithunzi chomwecho chikugwirizana ndi chidziwitso cha phunzirolo Nkhani yomwe sakufuna kukambirana panthawiyi. Monga mukuonera, mayeso a Rorschach si ovuta kudutsa konse, koma ndi zovuta kuchita nokha. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito izi kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo. Mukhoza kupititsa Rorschach mayeso nokha, koma molondola kutanthauzira zotsatira zokha ndi akatswiri. Komabe, mungagwiritse ntchito kuti muyese umunthu wa munthuyo.

Khadi loyamba

Amasonyeza malo a inki yakuda. Khadi ili likuwonetsedwa koyambirira pamene mayesero ndi ma blots akuchitika. Yankho lovomerezeka limaloleza kulingalira, momwe munthuyo amachitira ntchito, yatsopano, choncho, komanso yogwirizana ndi nkhawa. Nthawi zambiri anthu amanena kuti fanoli lili ngati batete, butterfly, mole kapena chifuwa cha nyama (kalulu, njovu, etc.). Yankho la funsolo likusonyeza mtundu wa munthu wamba.

Chithunzi cha batti kwa ena chikugwirizana ndi chinachake chosasangalatsa, ndipo kwa ena ndi chizindikiro cha kubweranso, komanso kuthawa mumdima. Kusintha ndi kusinthika kungapangire njuga, komanso kuthetsa mavuto, kusintha, kukula. Mole amatanthawuza kumangokhala ndi umbuli ndi kusiya, komanso nkhawa ndi zofooka. Mphuno ya nyama (mwachitsanzo, njovu) ikuyimira njira zomwe timatsutsira mavuto, komanso kuopa mavuto athu. Kungatanthauzenso kumverera kovuta, kukambirana za vuto lomwe wofunayo akuyesera kuti amuchotsere pakali pano.

Khadi lachiwiri

Zimasonyeza malo ofiira ndi akuda. Kawirikawiri anthu amawona pa khadi ili chinachake chogonana. Mtundu wofiira pa chithunzichi umatanthauziridwa ngati magazi, zomwe zimasonyeza momwe munthu angathetsere mkwiyo wake ndi malingaliro ake. Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe akufunsapo amayankha kuti tsadala ili likufanana ndi anthu awiri, chilakolako, kuyang'ana pagalasi kapena chilonda chalitali, monga chimbalangondo, galu kapena njovu.

Ngati munthu ali pomwepo akuwona anthu awiri, izi zikhoza kusonyeza kudalirana, malingaliro awiri pa kugonana, kugonana ndi kugonana kapena kuyang'ana pa ubale wapamtima ndi kugwirizana ndi ena. Ngati izo zikufanana ndi munthu yemwe amawonetsedwa mu kalilole, izi zimasonyeza kudzikonda kapena chizolowezi chodzudzula. Ngati wofunsidwayo atawona galu, ndiye kuti ndi wachikondi komanso wokhulupirika. Ngati tsono ili ngati chinthu choipa, zikutanthauza kuti munthu ayenera kuthana ndi mantha. Ngati ikufanana ndi njovu, kutanthauzira kotheka: kukhala ndi malingaliro, malingaliro olingalira, kukumbukira bwino. Nthawi zina, masomphenya amenewa amasonyeza malingaliro oipa a thupi la wovomera. Chimbalangondo chimatanthauza kusabisa, kudziimira, kukangana, nkhanza. Dontho limakumbukira kugonana, choncho ngati munthu akuwona munthu akupemphera, izi zimasonyeza momwe amachitira zogonana mu nkhani zachipembedzo. Ngati, panthawi imodzimodziyo, amazindikira magazi, ndiye kuti ali ndi chipembedzo amamvetsa ululu wamthupi kapena amapita kukapemphera, akukumana ndi zovuta (mwachitsanzo, mkwiyo), ndi zina zotero.

Khadi lachitatu

Pa iyo timawona malo a inki yakuda ndi yofiira. Malingaliro ake akukamba za ubale wa munthu kwa ena potsatira mgwirizano. Otsutsa nthawi zambiri amawona chithunzi cha anthu awiri, munthu akuyang'ana pagalasi, njenjete kapena butterfly. Ngati munthu amawona awiri odyera, ndiye kuti amatsogoleredwa ndi anthu. Ngati tsamba likufanana ndi anthu awiri osamba m'manja, izi zikutanthauza kuti iwo ndi osayera, osatetezeka kapena mantha. Ngati wofunsidwayo atawona anthu awiri omwe akusewera masewerawa, nthawi zambiri amamveketsa kuti pamagulu amtundu wa anthu amachititsa udindo wa wotsutsa. Ngati nkhaniyo ikuwonetsa munthu yemwe amayang'ana paganizidwe chake pagalasi, akhoza kukhala osamala kwa ena, odzikonda okha, osamvetsetsa anthu.

Khadi lachinayi

Tidzapitiriza kufotokoza mawanga a Rorschach. Khadi lachinayi limatchedwa "atate". Pa izo timawona malo wakuda ndi mbali zina zosautsa. Anthu ambiri amanena chinachake chodabwitsa ndi chachikulu. Kuchitapo kanthu kwa malo awa kungasonyeze maganizo a wovomera kwa akuluakulu, komanso zodziwika bwino za kulera kwake. Nthawi zambiri amafanana ndi chinyama chachikulu kapena dzenje kapena khungu, kapena chilombo.

Ngati munthu awona chilombo kapena chiweto chachikulu, izi zimasonyeza kudzipereka kwa akuluakulu komanso kudziona kuti ndi otsika, kuopa kwambiri anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu, kuphatikizapo abambo ake. Kawirikawiri khungu la nyama limasonyeza kusokonezeka kwa mkati mwa wofunsayo pamene akukambirana nkhani zokhudzana ndi abambo. Koma zikhoza kuchitiranso umboni kuti kwa iye vuto la kuyamikiridwa ndi akuluakulu a boma kapena loperewera ndilosafunikira.

Chachisanu khadi

Awa ndi malo wakuda. Chiyanjano chomwe amachitanidwa ndi iye chimasonyeza, monga pa khadi loyamba, "I" weniweni. Anthu, kuyang'ana pa fano, kawirikawiri samawopsyeza. Ngati chithunzi chomwe wofunsidwayo adachiwona chikusiyana kwambiri ndi yankho lovomerezeka pakhomo la 1 khadi, izi zikusonyeza kuti, mwina mabala a Rorschach - kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 4 - adawonetsa kwambiri munthuyu. Chithunzichi nthawi zambiri chimafanana ndi bat, njenjete kapena gulugufe.

Khadi lachisanu ndi chimodzi

Chithunzichi ndi chakuda, monochrome. Khadi iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a malowo. Kwa anthu, chithunzi chake chimayambitsa maubwenzi ndi chibwenzi, choncho amatchedwa "khadi la kugonana". Otsutsa nthawi zambiri amanena kuti utoto umafanana ndi khungu la nyama kapena msana. Izi zingatanthauze kusafuna kukhala paubwenzi wapamtima ndi anthu ena, monga chifukwa chake, kudzipatula pakati pa anthu ndi chisokonezo chamkati.

Chachisanu ndi chiwiri khadi

Pa khadi ili malowo ndi ofiira. Kawirikawiri, zimakhudzana ndi kuyamba kwa amayi. Nthawi zambiri anthu amawona zithunzi za ana ndi akazi. Ngati munthu akuvutika kuti afotokoze zomwe zafotokozedwa, izi zikhoza kusonyeza kuti ali ndi ubale wosasangalatsa ndi akazi. Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe amafunsidwa amadziwa kuti tsaya likufanana ndi nkhope kapena mutu wa akazi ndi ana. Zikhozanso kukukumbutsani zakumpsompsona. Atsogoleri a akazi amachitira umboni zomwe zimakhudzana ndi amayiwo, zomwe zimakhudzanso momwe amaonera amai onse. Mitu ya ana imatanthauza maganizo a ubwana, kufunikira kusamalira mwana wokhala ndi moyo waumunthu. Kuweramira kumpsompsona pamutu kumatanthawuza kukhala wokondedwa, komanso kubwereranso ndi amayi.

Khadi lachisanu ndi chitatu

Ili ndi mitundu ya pinki, imvi, ya buluu ndi ya lalanje. Ili ndilo khadi loyamba la mitundu yosiyanasiyana mumayesero, makamaka ovuta kutanthauzira. Ngati, panthawi ya chiwonetsero, wofunsidwayo akumva osasangalala - zikutheka kuti ali ndi zovuta pochita zinthu zovuta kapena zovuta. Nthawi zambiri anthu amazindikira kuti amawona gulugufe, nyama yamapazi inayi kapena njenjete.

Khadi lachisanu ndi chinayi

Malo ake pamaphatikizapo mitundu ya pinki, yobiriwira ndi ya lalanje ndipo ali ndi ndondomeko zosavuta. Anthu ambiri amavutika kuti adziwe zomwe zikufanana ndi fano. Choncho, khadi likhoza kuyesa momwe munthu amachitira ndi kusatsimikizika ndi kusowa kwa zomveka bwino. Odwala nthawi zambiri amawona mawonekedwe a munthu kapena machitidwe oipa. Ngati wofunsidwayo atawona munthu, ndiye kuti momwe akumvera panopa akusonyeza momwe angapirire bwino ndi kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso ndi nthawi. Chifaniziro chosadziwika cha choipa chingasonyeze kuti munthu amafunika nthawi yoyenera kuti atonthozedwe, ndipo sachita bwino ndi kusatsimikizika.

Khadi la khumi

Mayeso a maganizo a Rorschach amatha ndi khadi la 10. Lili ndi maluwa ambiri: chikasu, ndi lalanje, ndi pinki, ndi zobiriwira, ndi zofiira, ndi imvi. Khadi ili likuwoneka ngati mawonekedwe achisanu ndi chimodzi, ndipo mu zovuta ndizo 9. Pamene akuwona ambiri amamva zosangalatsa, kupatula iwo omwe amadabwa ndi vuto lozindikira chithunzi chomwe chili pa khadi la 9, lomwe limapereka mayeso a Rorschach. Kutanthauzira nthawi zambiri ndi izi: kangaude, lobster, nkhanu, mutu wa kalulu, mbozi kapena njoka. Nkhanu amatanthauza chizoloŵezi chogwirizana ndi zinthu ndi anthu kapena kulekerera. Lobster limatsimikizira kulekerera, mphamvu, kuthana ndi mavuto, kuwopa kudzivulaza kapena kuopseza zoipa. Akangaude angatanthauze mantha, kumverera kuti wofunsidwayo akunyengedwa kapena kukakamizidwa kulowa muvuto ndi mphamvu. Mutu wa kalulu umalankhula za maganizo abwino ku moyo ndi luso la kubala. Njoka - zowopsa, mantha a zosadziwika, kumva kuti wina wanyengedwa. Kuonjezera apo, angatanthauze zilakolako za kugonana zosaloledwa kapena zosayenera. Mbozi imatsimikizira kuti kumvetsa kuti anthu akusintha ndikusintha, akuyankhula za chiyembekezo cha kukula.

Choncho, tafotokoza mwachidule mayeso a Rorschach. Zotsatira zimakhala zovuta kutanthauzira payekha - kudziwa bwino za psychology kumafunika. Komabe, kawirikawiri, mukhoza kupanga lingaliro la munthu pamaziko a mayesero awa.