Kukumbukira zochitika - ndi chiyani ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwanji? Kukula kwa kukumbukira zophiphiritsa

Mu psychology, nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa za kukumbukira kwa anthu ndipo ngakhale mitundu yambiri ya mitunduyi imasankhidwa. Zowonetseratu, zogwira ntchito ndi zovuta, zozizwitsa, zazing'ono, za nthawi yayitali ndi mitundu yambiri ya kukumbukira, yomwe ili ndi magawo osiyanasiyana. Mmodzi wa iwo ali ndi makhalidwe ake, makhalidwe ake, kufunikira kwa munthu, komanso njira zothandizira bwino. Komabe, m'nkhani ino tidzangoyankhula za mawonekedwe amodzi, omwe ndi kukumbukira kukumbukira. Izi ndi zochititsa chidwi kwambiri, zomwe zingadabwitse ambiri, chifukwa ndizosavomerezeka. Munthu aliyense ali ndi chikumbutso chophiphiritsa, ndipo chimakhala ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa mtundu wa udindo, komanso momwe kukumbukira kumeneku kumakhudzira, momwe zikuwonekera komanso momwe zingakhazikitsidwe, ndiye nkhaniyi ndi yanu. Chikumbu cha chithunzi ndi mutu wokondweretsa kwambiri, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa momwe ubongo wanu umagwirira ntchito.

Ndi chiyani?

Choyamba tiyenera kumvetsetsa chomwe chikumbukirochi chiri. Chikumbu cha chithunzi ndi mtundu wa kukumbukira, monga momwe munthu amakumbukira zambiri osati mawonekedwe, koma mawonekedwe. Kawirikawiri izi ndi zithunzi, zithunzi ndi zofanana zomwe mukuziwona pamutu mwanu siziwonetsedwa ndi mawu ndi chithandizo cha mau anu amkati, koma ndi chithunzi. Ndicho chifukwa chake mtundu uwu wa kukumbukira ndi wokondweretsa kwambiri, chifukwa mafano sangathe kuwerengedwa ngati mawu, motero mtundu uwu wa kukumbukira ndi wodabwitsa kwambiri kusiyana ndi chikumbukiro chimene munthu aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Chabwino, tsopano mukumvetsa kukumbukira kwake kwaphiphiritso ndiko kukumbukira komwe kukumbukira kumachitidwa kudzera mu zithunzi, ndiko kuti, zithunzi zomwe zatsala mu ubongo wanu.

Kodi ndikukupatsani chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri anthu amayamba kuganizira zomwe zimapangitsa kukumbukira zophiphiritsira, chifukwa amaganiza kuti mawu amodzi ndi ofunika kwambiri. Komabe, izi siziri choncho, ndipo tsopano mukumvetsa chifukwa chake. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ubongo waumunthu uli ndi ziwalo ziwiri, zomwe ziri ndi udindo wake womwewo. Gawo lakumanzere likuyenera kukonza ndi kuloweza mauthenga a mawu, omwe anthu ambiri amawona kuti ndi ofunikira okha, komanso oyenera kukumbukira zithunzi zomwe mawu awa akulongosola. Koma n'chifukwa chiyani timafunikira mafano awa kukumbukira, ngati mwatsatanetsatane onse angathe kufotokoza mawu okha? Chilichonse sichiri chophweka ngati icho chingamveke, ndipo chitsanzo chowala kwambiri ndi ana ambiri a m'badwo uno. Chowonadi ndi chakuti m'badwo wamakono umatchedwa chidziwitso pazifukwa: kuchokera ku malo ambiri omwe anthu amapeza zinthu zambiri zosaneneka. Sites pa intaneti, malonda pa zamtundu wa anthu, kulikonse kumene mumapeza uthenga umene umakhudza mbali ya kumanzere ya ubongo wanu, koma malo oyenerera akulandira deta yoyenera, yomwe ndi zithunzi zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ndi ntchito pamodzi ndi deta ya kumanzere. Zotsatira zake ndi kusamvetsetsana kwakukulu, chifukwa chakuti zolakwika za kusamalidwa ndi malingaliro, omwe nthawi zambiri amawonetseredwa mwa ana aang'ono, zimakhala nthawi zambiri. Pofuna kupewa izi, nkofunika kukhazikitsa malo abwino, ndipo izi zilipo zambiri kuposa njira imodzi. Chikumbutso cha zithunzi ndi chofunika kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa chake nkhaniyi ikukuuzani momwe zingakhalire.

Mmene mungakhalire kukumbukira kukumbukira?

Monga tanenera kale, pali njira zoposa imodzi. Chikumbutso cha zithunzi chimayamba mosavuta komanso popanda khama, chifukwa njira yokumbukirira zithunzi ndi yachibadwa kwa munthu. Mafanizo ndi mauthenga a mauthenga amapanga chikumbukiro chabwino kwambiri chomwe aliyense ayenera kukhala nacho, koma ngati ubongo wanu uli wodzaza ndi deta popanda mafano omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti mutha kusokonezeka ndi deta ili, kotero kukumbukira kwanu kulibe ntchito. Choncho, kukhazikitsa kukumbukira kukumbukira ndikofunikira, ndipo poyamba mumamvetsa, bwino. Njira yabwino yophunzitsira ana kukumbukira, chifukwa ndi omwe apanga bwino kuyambira pachiyambi. Pakangopitirira nthawi, anthu amayamba kudalira zambiri pazolemba, m'malo mozindikira zinthu zophiphiritsira, pang'onopang'ono amasiya mphamvu ya kukumbukira.

Maganizo owonetsa, kukumbukira zophiphiritsira ndi chinthu chimene munthu aliyense amafunikira kuti akule, ndipo izi ziyenera kuchitika pogwiritsira ntchito chidziwitso kuchokera ku ziwalo zonse zowonongeka ndipo, motero, zowunikira. Choncho, munthu wamba amawerengera mauwo kapena amamvetsera, imakhala pamutu pake, ndipo ndithudi, amaiwalika mofulumira, ngakhale ndizofunika kwambiri. Chifukwa chiyani? Chinthu chake n'chakuti iye alibe nangula womwe ungamulole kuti atenge. Kukumbukira chidziwitso chenicheni pa sukulu ndi yunivesite kumatchedwa cramming - mumangoloweza pamtima mawu kuti muwabwezere mofanana. Koma kodi mumakumbukira chilichonse chimene munkachita kusukulu? Ayi ndithu.

Koma ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito zithunzi zomwe zimapezeka polemba mauthenga ena kuti muwone mauthenga, monga zithunzi, phokoso, kununkhiza, ndi zina zotero, mukhoza kuloweza pamtima mosavuta. Choncho, zonse zomwe mukuyenera kuchita ndizogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse mphamvu ndikuyesa njira yodzikumbutsa kuti musalowere pamtima malembawo, komanso zithunzi zomwe mukugwirizana nazo.

Zizindikiro za kukumbukira kulingalira

Chikumbu chazithunzi chili ndi zina zomwe muyenera kudziwa. Zoona zake n'zakuti nthawi zambiri ndizongopeka ndipo zithunzi zikupitirira pafupifupi tsiku. Mwachidziwikire, ngati mukusowa chidziwitso chenichenicho, ndiye kuti mutha kuziika mu ubongo wanu kwa nthawi yaitali, kotero kuti ubongo wanu usakhale wodzaza ndi mafano, iwo amadzichotsa pa zomwe palibe zopempha zomwe zimatumizidwa kwa maola oposa 24. Zimatanthauzanso kuti kukumbukira uku kumachitika pazomwe simukudziwa, ndiko kuti, zithunzi zambiri zalembedwa mu ubongo wanu pamene zilowetsa m'masomphenya anu. Ndicho chifukwa chake anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mtundu uwu wa kukumbukira ndi mawonekedwe osawerengeka. Koma ndizomveka kunena kuti mafano ndi olondola, komanso amawoneka bwino, ngakhale amadziwika bwino.

Ngati tibwereranso nthawi yosungiramo za chidziwitso cha fano, ndiye kuti chikhalidwe china chikuwululidwa. Ngati chithunzichi chimasungidwa mu ubongo wanu, chimakhala chosavuta ndipo, mofananamo, zimakhala zovuta kukumbukira mwatsatanetsatane.

Zithunzi zowonongeka

Chomwe chiri, sichikhoza kuwonetseredwa bwino. Chikumbutso cha zithunzi ndichinthu chodziwika bwino, ndipo njira zonse zimachitika mu ubongo wanu, koma n'zotheka kufotokozera chomwe chiri. Choncho, tangoganizani kuti mukuyenda pagalimoto pamasana. Kubwerera kwanu, mukukumbukira kuti mwawona mkazi mu malaya abuluu, iye anali atakhala pafupi ndi inu. Panthawiyi, mukhoza kukumbukira zina, monga tsitsi la tsitsi lake, nkhope zake, zovala zomwe ankavala, ndi zina zotero. Koma ngati simuganizira za tsiku, ndiye kuti tsiku lotsatira simudzakumbukira zomwe zadzulo. Kodi tinganene chiyani za zomwe zidzachitike sabata kapena mwezi. Chikumbu cha chithunzi chili chosiyana ndi zithunzi zomwe zasungidwa mu ubongo, kenako zimakhala zotumbululuka, zosadziwika. Zili zosasunthika ndipo zingakhale zogawidwa. Mwachitsanzo, m'mwezi mudzaiwala zomwe mtsikanayo adavala, koma mu ubongo wanu munamveka ndolo zomwe anavala pamenepo. Ndipo ndithudi, ndi bwino kudziwa kuti chithunzi chilichonse chinganyengedwe pa nthawi ndi mwezi ndipo mukhoza kuganiza kuti msungwanayo ali muvala chobiriwira, ngakhale kuti anali ndi buluu. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi chowonadi kuti ndikosavuta kwa chidziwitso chaumunthu kuti apange chinachake chatsopano mmalo mwa zinthu zotayika za fano kusiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yakukumbukira izi.

Kodi luso lophiphiritsa likuwonekera liti?

Kukula kwa chikumbutso chophiphiritsa ndi chinthu chomwe munthu aliyense ayenera kuganizira. Ndipo monga adanenedwa poyamba, ndizofunika kwambiri mwamsanga. Komabe, kodi ndi liti pamene munthu ali ndi malingaliro ophiphiritsira ndipo, motero, kukumbukira kwaphiphiritso? Mwinanso mungadabwe, koma kukumbukira kwa munthu kumangokhala kamodzi ndi hafu kwa zaka ziwiri, ndiko kuti, m'malo mochedwa. Ndi pamene ubongo wa mwanayo umayamba kuzindikira zochitika za dziko loyandikana, osati monga zozizwitsa, koma monga chidziwitso chomwe chingalembedwe. Ndiyomwe iye amayamba kudziunjikira malingaliro mu ubongo ndi liwiro lalikulu, limodzi ndi mafano, monga chifukwa cha kukumbukira kumene kumapangidwira. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mwanayo ali ndi mwayi womanga unyolo wokhazikika, akugwirizanitsa lingaliro ndi fanolo.

Nchifukwa chiyani munthu ayenera kukhala ndi malingaliro akumbukira kuyambira ali mwana? Makolo ambiri amakhulupirira kuti izi ndizosafunikira ndipo mwanayo ayenera kuika maganizo ake pamaganizo ena, osati pazithunzi zosadziwika. Komabe, ichi ndi kulakwitsa kwakukulu, chifukwa kukumbukira mwachidziwikidwe kaŵirikaŵiri kumatchedwa maziko a njira zonse zozikumbutsa. Popanda izo, kukumbukira sikudzatha, ndipo ngati sikukula bwino, kukumbukira munthu kudzakhala kosauka kwambiri. Choncho, kukula kwa malingaliro ophiphiritsira ndi imodzi mwa njira zofunika pakupanga umunthu wathunthu umene udzatha kugwira ntchito m'dziko lamakono.

Mitundu ya chikumbutso chosaganizira

Akatswiri a zamaganizo nthawi zambiri amapereka mitundu yambiri ya kukumbukira, yomwe muyenera kuwerenganso. Mwachidziwikiratu, monga momwe mukuganizira, wotchuka kwambiri ndikumakumbukira zithunzi, chifukwa ndi zithunzi zojambula bwino kwambiri, zomwe ndizo zowonjezereka kwambiri, ndipo ndizo zomwe mumadalira nthawi zambiri mukayesa kukumbukira chinachake. Koma palinso mitundu ina yomwe ili yofunika kwambiri, ngakhale imagwiritsidwa ntchito mochepa. Mitundu ya mafano imaphatikizapo zolembera, zamkati, zokoma ndi zosavuta, zomwe ndizogwirizana ndi gulu lapadera. Choncho, zithunzi zonse zomveka zomwe zili pamutu mwanu, kapena kuti nyimbo yomwe munamva pamsewu wodutsa pansi, kapena mawu otchulidwa mumakutu anu kuchokera ku loupipakitala, amatanthauza kukumbukira zithunzi zamakono. Zomwezo zikugwiranso ntchito pazinthu zina za kukumbukira, zomwe tatchulidwa pamwambapa.

Zithunzi zojambula

Monga momwe mwaphunzila kale, kukumbukira kulikonse komwe kumagwirizana ndi ziwalo za thupi kumatanthawuza kukumbukira fano, chifukwa chakuti zonsezi sizimabwera ndi mawonekedwe a konkire, koma ndi mawonekedwe osadziwika. Koma panthawi yomweyi ndikufuna kujambula zithunzi zojambulajambula, zomwe ndimamva, mwinamwake, munthu aliyense.

Zithunzi zojambula zithunzi ndi subspecies za visual memory, koma zimasiyana ndi zodabwitsa zake ndi zachilendo kwa anthu ambiri mwatsatanetsatane ndi kumaliza kulephera ndi kukhalapo kwachidziwitso. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Taganizirani mmene kukumbukira kukumbukira kumagwirira ntchito, kunanenedwa pamwambapa. Mukuyang'ana chinthucho ndipo ubongo wanu umatenga "chithunzi" cha chinthu ichi, kuchilemba mu ubongo. Koma chithunzichi poyamba chimakhala chovuta, ndipo simungathe kuziwona zonsezi kuti mubwerere. Ngati muli ndi zithunzi zojambula, ubongo wanu ukhoza kutenga zithunzi zabwino zomwe mungasunge kwa nthawi yaitali popanda kutaya khalidwe. Mwachibadwa, munthu aliyense amafuna kukhala ndi zithunzi zojambula, koma popeza makolo ambiri samafuna kukhala ndi malingaliro olingalira pakati pa ana, komanso samakhala ndi malingaliro awo, lingaliro limeneli tsopano likuwonedwa m'malo mozizwitsa kuposa chinthu china Chimene mungayesetse ndi zomwe mungakwanitse. Koma kwenikweni si choncho, ndipo mukhoza kusintha dongosolo la zinthu zomwe muli nazo nokha.

Maphunziro

Mukhoza kuwonetsa kuti zomwe mukuganiza kuti mukuganiza ndizo, ngakhale ngati makolo anu sanamvetsetse bwino mu ubwana wanu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugwira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukumbukira bwino zithunzizo. Kodi mungachite bwanji zimenezi? Muyenera kukumbukira zithunzi zosiyanasiyana, ndiyeno muzisewera. Zochita zikhoza kukhala zosiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, zingakhale zojambulajambula, zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana ndi kukumbukira zithunzi, ndipo musayesere kukhala ndi mayanjano. Ndiye mumayenera kubweretsanso dongosolo la zithunzizi. Komanso mungathe kuloweza pamtima chithunzichi, ndiyeno yesani kuberekana mwatsatanetsatane. Pali masewera osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo kukumbukira mafano, kotero izi zingakuthandizeninso, ndipo kukumbukira zithunzi sikungakuwonekere konse mwangozi.

Chidwi chochititsa chidwi

Tsopano popeza mumadziwa zonse zokhudza kukumbukira, mukhoza kuyamba maphunziro. Ndipo potsiriza kwa inu chimodzi chochititsa chidwi chiri chokonzekera. Monga momwe ziwalo zowonongeka zimachulukitsa zotsatira zake pamene chimodzi cha izo chitaya ntchito (anthu akhungu akumva ndi kununkhira bwino kwambiri), kukumbukira kulingalira kumapangitsa kuti munthu asadziŵe zambiri, m'malo mwake n'kukhala ndi mafano ena.