Reconquista ndi chiyani? Reconquista: Zoyambitsa ndi Zotsatira

Reconquista ndi chiyani? Mawu amenewa amatanthauza reconquest yaitali Mkhristu madera pa chilumba cha Iberia, anagwidwa Muslim Asilamu otchedwa a Moor. Mawu "Reconquista" Ndi yosavuta, liwu lokha latembenuzidwa kuchokera Spanish monga reconquest lapansi.

Reconquista: Zoyambitsa

Reconquista anayamba nthawi yomweyo pambuyo kuwina Pyrenees Arab mafuko (woyamba zaka 8), ndi kuyenda ndi osiyana la bwino. Ang'onoang'ono ndewu chikwiyire Mkhristu mafumu pa nkhondo ndi mzake ndi atumiki awo, komanso kulowa mapangano zosakhalitsa ndi agonjetsi Chisilamu.

Pa Nkhondo za Mtanda, nkhondo Asilamu Asilamu otchedwa a Moor anali mofananira kuti kulimbana lonse la Chikhristu ambiri. Dongosolo la Knights (Knights Templar etc ..) Kodi pachiyambi analengedwa nkhondo Asilamu otchedwa a Moor, ndi Popes otchedwa Ankhondo a Europe nkhondo yomasula dziko la Iberia.

Chiyambi cha Reconquista

Atalandidwa ndi Asilamu otchedwa a Moor ambiri a Pyrenees, ambiri Visigoth olemekezeka anasankha kukhalabe mu maiko anagonjetsa. Monga chitsanzo ana Wittiza wolamulira. Analandira kwa akuluakulu Arab mu chuma payekha chonde dziko Visigoth korona. Komabe, wokhulupirika wa asilikali a Visigoths, mbali yofunika kwambiri apamwamba ndi atsogoleri, osati anavomera kukhala m'gawo azikhala, anabwerera ku Asturias. Kumeneko kenako kukhazikitsidwa mwalinga ufumu eponymous. Chilimwe 718 TH wamphamvu Visigoth Pelayo (mwina mlonda wakale wa Mfumu Roderiha), amene ankachitika akapolo mu mzinda wa Cordoba, anabwerera Asturias ndipo anasankhidwa mfumu yoyamba ya Ufumu yatsopano analenga. Kusankhidwa zinachitika pa Golf chooneka. Atalandira uthenga wa misonkhano pa Golf chooneka Woimira Munusa anatumiza uthenga kwa Mtsogoleri wina wa Aarabu wa Andalusia.

Koma ndi 722 mu Asturias anafika detachment lotsogoleredwa ndi Alcamo. Ndi Chilango ndipo anali bishopu wa Seville Opp. Iye ankayenera kuti tifulumizane Paley ngati Alcamo, kusunthira Lukus Asturum. Ku malo awa Aluya anathyola mu chigwa cha Covadonga, Akristu ofunafuna. Koma m'chigwa Alcamo wagawo anali ambushed ndipo anagonjetsa. mtsogoleri yekha anaphedwa.

Pamene uthenga wa imfa inafika Alcamo detachment Munusy otchedwa Berber kazembe, iye anachoka mumzinda wa Gijón ndi chipani chake anasamukira kwa Pelayo. Nkhondo zinachitika pafupi ndi mudzi wa Olalla. asilikali Munusy anaziwonongeratu, ndipo iye anaphedwa. Tsatirani funso zimene Reconquista, kodi zifukwa, sikutheka osanenapo mwambo umenewu, pakuti anali chiyambi cha izo.

Education Pyrenean limati

Pambuyo chiyambi bwino za Reconquista Asturias m'zaka za m'ma 10. Zimafalikira malire ake ndipo anakhala Ufumu wa León. M'zaka zomwezi, kuima kuchokera State ena - Ufumu wa Castile. Patapita linagwirizana. Pa zaka VIII-IX chakuti franc yokopa bwino anathandiza kulenga mu kumpoto cha kum'mawa kwa Pyrenees, mtundu Spanish ndi likulu lake mu mzinda wa Barcelona. M'zaka za m'ma IX. Iye adaimira mwa Navarre, ndipo kenaka - m'dziko la Aragon ndipo Catalonia. Mu 1137-m, iwo anali ogwirizana mu Ufumu wa Aragon. Mu kumadzulo kwa Pyrenees analengedwa County Chipwitikizi, kenako nayenso anakhala ufumu.

The nkhani zandale kumayambiriro kwa XII-XIII zaka

Panthawi imeneyi mphamvu achikristu anatha kupambana Aluya mbali yaikulu ya Pyrenees. chigonjetso awo pa Caliphate, amene anali kwambiri yapangidwa mawu zachuma, akhoza mwina zinakhalako chakuti Arab States m'zaka za m'ma 11 inasanduka pafupifupi awiri dazeni chikumenyana zigawo (Emirates). Koma izi sizinali chifukwa chachikulu bwino. dziko Mkhristu mu Pyrenees ndi osemphana ndi mzake, ndi kujambula kumbali ya Asilamu otchedwa a Moor. Komabe, Akristu anali more cohesive ndi amphamvu mawu asilikali.

Zinthu kwa Akristu muulamuliro Arab

Pakuti Aluya, anthu Mkhristu wakhala chinthu yokumba ankhanza. Otaika kukhala malo a theka akapolo. Ngakhale anatembenukira kwa Islam ndi anaphatikizana miyambo Arab Akhristu ankatengedwa anthu otsika. Koyamba kulolerana Asilamu otchedwa a Moor mbisoweka popanda sanachite. Pang'onopang'ono izo linasintha kukhala Mkristu wokhulupirika zotentheka. Izi zachititsa kupanduka ambiri achikristu kuchichepetsa mphamvu Caliphate.

Zifukwa bwino Reconquista

Reconquista ndi chiyani? Funso tsopano lidzayankhidwa kwambiri. A mdani wodziwika ndi wosautsa wa Akristu amasonkhana. Choncho Reconquista anatenga khalidwe la kayendedwe ufulu, ngakhale zolinga kulamulira asilikali a mafumu Mkhristu ndi udani pakati pa Aragon ndipo Castile, komanso mafumu ang'onoang'ono ndi mzake. Pa nthawi yovuta, Akristu amasonkhana. Mu wamba anali woyandikana ake kupambana nkhondo imeneyi. Pa madera anagonjetsa kupezako si dziko lokha, komanso womasuka ku ambuye ang'onoang'ono, analembedwa udzatha ndipo udzatha (fueros). Choncho, Akhristu zionetsero pa Asilamu otchedwa a Moor wonse. Komanso Spanish, mu anamasulidwa Pyrenees Asilamu otchedwa a Moor nawo Ankhondo European (makamaka Italy ndi French). Motero, funso "Reconquista Kodi," yankho zingakhale: m'mayiko Mkhristu Kumasuka Movement. Papa ananena maulendo ambiri kumasulidwa kampeni "ndi mtanda".

The kupitiriza kwa Reconquista

Mu 1085-mamita Spain anadzasokoneza Toledo. Kupambana kumeneku kunali kofunika kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo wofooka ndi internecine nkhondo Aluya anapempha thandizo ku Berbers African. Magulu Moor mbakunda ku Spain, nthawi kuti chimasokoneza Reconquista. Posachedwapa (pakati pa zaka za m'ma XII) m'malo North Africa Berbers anafika ankhondowo ena - Morocco Almohads. Komabe, iwo analephera kugwirizanitsa maiko Emirates Pyrenees. Funsani aliyense Msipanishi zimene Reconquista? The tanthauzo la mawu amenewa ndipo amadziwa amisinkhu. Zimativuta kwa oponderezedwa opondereza anzawo, chikhulupiriro wina ndi mzake - olamulira ndi zikhalidwe nkhondo.

Chigonjetso mwa Reconquista

Mu 1212-mamita ophatikizana mphamvu Navarre, Aragon, Castile ndi Portugal anagonjetsa Asilamu otchedwa a Moor pa Las Navas de A Tolosa. Pambuyo kugonjetsedwa ichi, Aluya akhala bwino. Mu 1236-mamita Castilians anatenga Cordova, mu 1248-mamita - Seville. Aragon anagonjetsa Balearic Islands. Castilla anapambana pa Cadiz mu 1262-mamita ndi ku Atlantic Ocean. The 1238-mamita Valencia anagwa. Pofika kuchiyambi kwa zaka za zana XIV. Asilamu otchedwa a Moor wogwidwa yekha Emirate wa Granada - m'chigawo wolemera kum'mwera kwa Pyrenees. M'gawo limeneli Aluya chinakhalapo mpaka 1492

Pomaliza

Pamwamba anauzidwa zimene Reconquista. Malinga ndi mbiriyakale, reconquest m'mayiko anali limodzi ndi kukonza iwo wopambana ndi kulamulira. The Reconquista anakhudza nzika yofunika ndi Ankhondo yaing'ono. Komabe, ubwino waukulu nkhondo alandira lalikulu ambuye ang'onoang'ono. Adalenga mayiko linalanda umwini lalikulu.