Prokaryotes ndi eukaryotes, kusiyana ndi kufanana

zamoyo zonse anawagawa chisanadze ma ndi ma. Ndi precellular monga tizilombo toyambitsa ndi phages. Gulu lachiwiri, selo lagawidwa prokaryotes ndi eukaryotes, amene prenuclear ndi nyukiliya zamoyo.

prokaryotes

Selo loyamba, prokaryotes unabuka Earth zaka zoposa 3 biliyoni zapitazo. Zinali tumphatumpha kwambiri patsogolo pa zamoyo wa moyo. Prokaryotes ndi mabakiteriya. Kapangidwe ka awo osavuta. uthengawu ku maselo, DNA ali wosazindikira awo okhala pang'ono mapuloteni wozungulira woboola pakati khromozomu. Iwo lili mbali ya cytoplasm ndi, nucleoid, si wosiyana otsala a khungu nembanemba. Main kusiyana prokaryotes ndi eukaryotes ndi mzake, ndi kuti maselo a mtundu woyamba wa phata palibe.

Prenuclear ndi cytoplasm a maselo nyumba laling'ono kwambiri selo. Awa ribosome amadziwika zing'onozing'ono poyerekeza ndi ribosomes eukarioidnyh maselo. Udindo wa mitochondria mu prokaryotes a dongosolo losavuta nembanemba lapansi. Likusowa mwa iwo ndi chloroplast. Prokaryotes ndi plasma Kakhungu, amene ali pansi pa khungu nembanemba. Amasiyana eukaryotes kwambiri ang'onoang'ono razmerami.V zina mwa prokaryotes akhoza otchedwa pulasimidi - pang'ono, ngati mphete ya DNA.

eukaryotes

Maselo onse nucleated amasiyana dongosolo akukhudzidwira dongosolo ndi magwero ofanana. Iwo anatuluka maselo prenuclear 1.2 biliyoni. Zaka zapitazo. Kapangidwe awo ndi zovuta. Ndipo prokaryotes ndi eukaryotes ndi maselo. Koma zina mwa zinthu zawo structural ndi amuzolengedwa zosiyana m'njira zambiri. Kusiyana chofunika kwambiri - kuti maselo nucleated ali ndi phata zoona kuti mudziwe awo majini ndi kusungidwa.

Zokhala cytoplasm delimited ndi Kakhungu yapadera, wopangidwa mwa zigawo akunja ndi amkati. Ndi yofanana ndi nembanemba plasma, koma lili pores. Chifukwa iwo amatumizidwa pakati pa cytoplasm ndi phata. maselo Gene imakhala ya DNA, izi prokaryotes ndi eukaryotes komanso ndife osiyana Chrixitu. DNA mu DNA ya eukaryotes amagwirizana ndi mapuloteni histone.

Mu phata selo ndi nucleoli, amene anapanga mu ribosomes. Structureless misa karyoplasm lozungulira DNA ndi nucleoli. Nyama ndi zomera ndi osamvetseka kwa malingaliro ake, ndi bwino chimatanthauza ya DNA. Mu kugawa maselo, iwo kawiri amatumizidwa maselo mwana

Ngati tikulingalira prokaryotes ndi eukaryotes, kusiyana pakati pawo Tingaone mu cytoplasm maselo.

Pakuti chomera maselo khalidwe la pamaso pa ankasungidwa vacuole ndi plastids. Izi vacuole kufika pachimake pa periphery ya chipindacho. Chopatsa thanzi malo zimam'patsa ya selo mbewu - wowuma. chomera maselo kunja TACHIMATA ndi khoma selo, lopangidwa ndi mapadi. Pakati pa selo si centrioles, sipangakhalenso amangoona mu algae.

maselo Animal mulibe vacuole chapakati, plastids ndi khoma lolimba selo. Pali centriole pakati selo. Reserve zimam'patsa maselo nyama - glycogen.

Maselo centriole bowa sikuti kuchitika. selo khoma wapangidwa chitin, mu cytoplasm ndi, plastids ayi, koma pali vacuole chapakati pa mzinda selo. Reserve chakudya mwa iwo - kwambiri glycogen.

Mu cytoplasm wa eukaryotes ndi mitochondria, zida Golgi, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, organelle kuyenda. Ribosomes ali yokulirapo kuposa ribosomes prokaryotic. The cytoplasm maselo lagawidwa makontena osiyana, zipinda mwa zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana wapadera wapangidwa lipids. Aliyense wa iwo chitani njira zawo amuzolengedwa. Ndi pafupifupi zimachokeradi mu prokaryotes.

Ambiri, prokaryotes ndi eukaryotes kufotokoza malamulo a kusanduka, amene amakhala ndi kuyenda kwa chosavuta mitundu zovuta zambiri.

Komabe prenuclear maselo yodziwika ndi kusinthasintha kwambiri ndipo zosiyanasiyana njira kagayidwe kachakudya. mabakiteriya ambiri akhoza kulandira mphamvu kuchokera ku Kuwala, kapena zochita mankhwala kulibe m'malo wopanda mpweya (mabakiteriya anaerobic). Chifukwa cha ichi iwo ali oyenera chithunzi cha Masiku ano.