Noravank obisika, Vagharshapat, Armenia

Fuko lirilonse liri ake opatulika wauzimu umene umakhala mtundu. Pakuti Armenia, ndi yofunika ansembe yotchedwa Vagharshapat. M'nkhaniyi, timasonyeza mbiri yake yovuta. mchitidwe umenewu ambiri a Armenia akhoza kudzitama wa zaka wolemekezeka. Koma chachikulu cha obisika a imatengedwa wamkulu Mkhristu sacral dongosolo mu dziko. Komanso, tiakachisi angapo wapatali kusungidwa obisika a. Choyamba, ndi chidutswa cha likasa Nowa anamanga kupulumutsa zitsanzo zina za zomera ku Chigumula. Kachiwiri, mu obisika a Vagarshapat kusungidwa mkondo umene msirikali wa Chiroma anamulasa pachifuwa kwa kupachikidwa pa mtanda ndi Yesu Kristu. Ndipo potsiriza, lachitatu chidina - dzanja lamanja la St. Gregory wa chounikira. Izi adakhala kumene kumakhala Amonke mpando wa mkulu wa mabishopu wa Chiameniya Apostolic Church. Choncho, liwiro kwa obisika osati alendo, komanso okhulupirika a zipembedzo wachikhristu. nyumba kachisi kutchulidwa ndi UNESCO monga cholowa anthu.

Noravank ansembe yotchedwa mapu

Kodi mpando wa Catholicos - Supreme wa mabishopu wa Chiameniya? Cloisters, zambiri amatchedwa mzinda woyera, yomwe ili pa Ararati Valley m'dera Armavir. Ku likulu la Armenia wa Yerevan kuti kwa Echmiadzin palibe vuto. Ndipotu, ano ndi malo wopatulika anthu a dziko. Koma Akatolika ndiyofunikila tchalitchi cha St. Peter ku Vatican, kotero Armenia mbali yaikulu mu chikumbumtima Mkhristu masewero Echmiadzin obisika. Koma sitima kufika obisika wovuta: izo ili makilomita khumi ku siteshoni ya sitima. Basi utumiki adzakhala njira yabwino. City Vagharshapat (Armenia), likulu la ndilo obisika, ndi makilomita twente-faifi zokha kuchokera Yerevan. Ndipo matakisi zambiri Kenako adakhala izi. Obisika ali m'gawo lalikulu, kotero osaganizira kapena akamadutsa ndi sangathe.

Chisokonezo ndi maina

Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kumva kuti Vagarshapat otchedwa Echmiadzin obisika. Zikuoneka kuti dzina lachiwiri la tidakhala woyera walandira mzinda, pakati umene ili. Koma izi sizili choncho. Dzina panopa obisika a - Echmiadzin. Mu Chiameniya amatanthauza "wobadwira wa wobadwa yekha" (ie, Yesu Khristu). chakuti obisika anayambitsa Grigoriy Lusavorich - ndi Catholicos loyamba la Armenia. Mu maloto adawona mwana wa Mulungu, nyundo golide anamenya pansi, potero kusonyeza malo kuika mwala woyamba kumangira obisika a. Koma kale, m'zaka za m'ma chimodzi BC, kalonga achikunja Vardges anamanga kuthetsa chachikulu apa. Mu zaka za mazana awiri atafa Khristu inasanduka mzinda. Ulamuliro wa Vagharshak Loyamba (zaka 118-140), iwo unali likulu la Armenia. Mzindawo unali dzina la mfumu - Vagharshapat. M'nyengo Union, dzina linasinthidwa, koma mu 1992 anabwerera. Chifukwa adakhala kusunga dzina la m'tauni yapafupi. Choncho, wotchedwa Echmiadzin ansembe yotchedwa "Vagharshapat". Ngakhale mzinda wakale inali patsogolo pang'ono, kumanzere banki anawapatsa ndalama.

History of Echmiadzin ansembe yotchedwa

Malinga ndi nthano, pa tchalitchi yoyamba Vagharshapat (ndi mu Armenia) anakhazikitsidwa mu 303 AD, pamene Chikhristu chipembedzo boma m'chigawochi. Iye anamanga mfumu yake Trdat III. Pa pali nthano wokongola kwambiri, alibe Komabe, palibe chitsimikizo mbiri. Kuzunzidwa kwa Diocletian ku Roma Armenia n'kuthawa sate-eyiti atsikana okongola. Ndipo mwa iwo anali Hripsime, umene unali wokongola kwambiri kuposa wina. Trdat anafuna kuti akhale mkazi wake. Hripsime koma analumbira kudzipereka kwa Mulungu. Ndiyeno mfumu, kugwera bwanji, analamula kupha atsikana onse 38. Trdat kuchiritsa kwa misala okha anakwanitsa St. Gregory wa chounikira. Mfumu m'khristu anapanga mchiritsi wake wauzimu woyamba Catholicos ndipo anamanga pafupi ndi nyumba yachifumu ndi obisika Echmiadzin Cathedral. Komabe, izi si nyumba yomwe ife tikuziwona lero. Poyamba, kachisi ndi mtengo. Stone, anakhala zana lachisanu yekha.

Khalidwe la ena obisika ndi

Phata lenileni linali ndi akanali Echmiadzin Cathedral. Pano mawonekedwe zinatengera m'chaka 618, pamene Catholicos Nerses III mmisiri, pamene tchalitchi choyambirira m'malo ndi mpingo mtanda ozungulira. Komanso Echmiadzin ansembe yotchedwa limapangidwa ndi refectory, mpingo Shokagat ndipo zipata Trdat mfumu (m'ma 17), akale (m'ma 18) ndi watsopano (XX c.) Chambers Catholicos Theological Academy (m'ma makumi awiri), pa odwalayo "Kazarapat" (m'ma 18). Pali pa dera la obisika ndi nyumba wina wakale. Uyu ndi mpingo wa Hripsime ndi Gayane. Iwo anamanga m'nthawi ya chiwiri ndi kumangidwanso mu 1652. Cathedral belu nsanja ali pakati pa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri ndi sacristy - mu 1870.

Mtengo chikhalidwe obisika ndi

The tchalitchi frescoes utoto Ovnatan Nagash ndi mdzukulu wake Nathan kumayambiriro kwa zaka chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri ndi chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu. Mu umodzi wa timipata wa mpingo ukugwira kowonera zakale zaluso akale ndi zamanja (unakhazikitsidwa mu 1955). Mwatsoka, obisika mobwerezabwereza anadwala nkhondo. Pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX, Noravank ansembe yotchedwa (Armenia) anakhala malo nkhondo pa Chirasha Persian nkhondo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mzinda wa Vagharshapat anali kwenikweni ataphwasula pansi. Choyamba zithunzi koma atathana tidakhala, akuyima yekha m'chipululu. Mkati mwa Mpingo si wolemera monga ife ntchito kuwona mu mipingo Orthodox. Ndipotu, Mpingo Chiameniya ali odzipereka kwambiri kwa miyambo Katolika. makomawo chokongoletsedwa ndi zojambula, osati mafano, mapemphero limodzi ndi chiwalo nyimbo.

mtengo obisika wopatulika

Noravank ansembe yotchedwa - mpando wa Catholicos. Ansembe aakulu ankakhala obisika kuyambira maziko ake ku 484-TH ndi pambuyo 1441. Kukhalapo kwa Catholicos la Armenia onse, kupereka malo ndi aura wapadera. Koma Surb Etchmiadzin ndi zapamwamba a zotsalira wapatali. Apa mutha kuona zotsalira za Ioanna Predtechi, Saint Stephen, Atumwi Andreya Pervozvannogo, Bartholomew, Thomas ndi Thaddeus. ulemu wapadera atazungulira particles cha Nowa, mikondo Gegard, ambiri olemekezeka a mtanda wa Khristu ndi wake chisoti cha minga. The maholide achipembedzo Echmiadzin obisika amwendamnjira ngakhale ochokera m'mayiko.

Kuona alendo?

Onetsetsani kukaona m'nyumbayi. Izo zimasunga mphatso, umene pa zaka osiyana anasonyeza kuti Catholicos la: wobvala golide, siliva ziwiya, mitanda ndi zina ziwiya mpingo. Ngati muli ndi misempha amphamvu, tione Mpingo wa St. Gayane. Mu nyumba ndi slaughterhouse wapadera, kumene nyama akapha nyama - nkhosa, ng'ombe, kapena roosters, amene nsembe. Mwambo uwu, wotchedwa mphasa anapanga ndi mwana christening (iye anajambula mtanda magazi pa mphumi). Akhristu ambiri iyo chidina a chikunja wakale. Koma Armenia kupanga mphasa thanzi kapena wogoneka za moyo wa womwalirayo. Ndi kuti, kupita agulupa ya Echmiadzin. Armenia akhoza kudzitama inanso kachisi, pafupi kwambiri agulupa wotchuka. Iwo Zvartnots, kapena kachisi wa Vigil Mphamvu, anamanga m'nthawi ya chiwiri. M'zaka khumi linanyeka chifukwa cholakwa mu mawerengedwe a mapulani.