Matisse zojambula. French zojambulajambula Henri Matisse

Wotchuka French zojambulajambula Matisse moyo wautali, amene analenga zojambula zambiri, ntchito fanizo ziboliboli ndi murals ceramic, kuphatikizapo njira decoupage. ntchito yake waife m'nthawi yake padziko lonse, ngakhale zambiri njira wake nzeru anakhala chifukwa mkangano waukulu.

achinyamata

Henri Matisse anabadwa kumpoto France mu 1869 ku banja la wolemera tirigu ogulitsa. Chikondi luso iye analandira kuchokera kwa mayi ake, amene anali wokonda luso mbiya kupenta. Ngakhale, malinga ndi miyambo, zinali Henri (mwana wamkulu) anali woti akhale pa mutu wa bizinesi, pa mapeto a Lyceum Anri Marten ku Saint-Quentin, iye anapita ku likulu kuphunzira malamulo m'masukulu otchuka a jurisprudence. Mu 1888, Matisse ndipo analandira digiri chilamulo, anabwerera kwawo ndipo ndinayamba kugwira ntchito monga kalaliki pa loya m'deralo.

Njira yoyamba luso

Mwina, Matisse akanachititsa ntchito zabwino chilamulo, ngati si choncho. chakuti mu 1889 mnyamata wina anavomereza kuchipatala nkhondo wokonda appendicitis ndipo anali amathera yaitali miyezi iwiri ya nthawi postoperative. Kuchereza mwana wake, Madame Matisse anapeleka watercolors, ndipo anayamba pochitika nthawi ndi kukopera mapositi kadi mtundu. ntchitoyi kwambiri ndi mnyamata, kuti atachoka ku chipatala, anauza makolo ake za mtima wake kukhala wojambula. Ngakhale kuti bambo wake, Henry m'sukuluyo zojambula mu Tours, kumene draftsmen amazigwiritsa ntchito makampani nsalu. Komabe, iye anapitiriza kuchita chilamulo.

Kuphunzira mu Paris

Mu 1892, Matisse wasankha kudzipereka kwa kupenta. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, iye anapita ku Paris ndipo analowa Julian Academy, kumene anaphunzitsidwa yoyamba A. Bouguereau, ndipo kenako - pa School of Wabwino Tirhana pa G. Moreau. Last akulosera tsogolo lowala ndi mmodzi wa wojambula woyamba akufotokoza luso, m'mawu kuphatikiza molimba mtima mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi imeneyi, chithunzicho Matisse zambiri anatha masiku ake pa Louvre, kukopera katswiri wa ambuye akale ndi amisiri wotchuka kwa zaka za m'ma 19, amene anavomereza kuti, anapanga mu ukalamba wake, anali othandiza kwambiri mu ntchito tsogolo la mbuye.

impressionist nthawi

Kuyambira 1896 Matisse ndi zojambula anayamba anasonyeza mu salons wotchuka wa Paris, ndipo amatha kutenga kudziwika ena mwa luso okonda Parisian. Nthawi imeneyi, chithunzicho ndi kwambiri motengera Impressionists ndi otsatira awo. Komanso, nthawi zambiri, kulankhula za ntchito za positi-impressionist, akatswiri tchulani chitsanzo, ndi ntchito zina zimene anapanga Matisse: ". Tableware ndi zipatso" akadali lifes "botolo Schiedam", "Zipatso ndi khofi", "mchere"

Mu zaka zingapo zotsatira, chithunzicho chimayamba komanso kuthana ndi chosema ndi ntchito mu njira ya divisionism, zokhudza ntchito za osiyana achindunji zikwapu. Mu 1905, ndi kutsutsana ndi brushwork zojambula za Matisse "mwanaalirenji, bata ndi voluptuousness" umene Chili kalembedwe modernist mbali kukongoletsa pointillism.

Fauvism

Poganizira ntchito Matisse, osanenapo malangizo atsopano a pachithunzipa, amene anali kholo la chithunzicho. Ndi funso la Fauvism. About ngati chodabwitsa chidwi kwambiri analankhula pambuyo Salon d'Automne mu 1905. Pakuti chionetserochi, Matisse analemba mabuku angapo, kuphatikizapo kupenta wotchuka "Mayi chipewa wobiriwira". Komanso, m'zaka khumi loyamba la 20th Century zojambulajambula anakhala kufunira chosema African, luso kukongoletsa woodcuts Arabic ndi Japanese, ndipo posakhalitsa zojambula ake anayamba kudutsa zolinga yosiyanasiyana. Komabe, sanaleke luso tikambirane zinthu za nyengo ino, monga mbali yofunika Fauve.

"Matisse Academy"

Mu 1908 ku Paris, chithunzicho anakhazikitsa sukulu payekha wa kupenta. Njirayi imatchedwa "Matisse Academy", ndipo pamene anali kuphunzitsa pamenepo, ilo linali nthawi kutsiriza ophunzira 100 ochokera France ndi maiko ena a ku Ulaya. Maphunziro anali free, monga wojambula sanali titsatire zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kokha anafuna kusonyeza masomphenya ake a luso kwa achinyamata.

Pamodzi ndi chiphunzitso Matisse utoto. Choncho, analenga atatu mapanelo kukongoletsa kwa Moscow kunyumba ya wotchuka Russian wokhometsa S. I. Schukina. Makamaka, ntchito yake "Dance," lomwe masiku ano mu Hermitage, ndi imodzi mwa ntchito otchuka zojambulajambula lapansi.

zilandiridwenso interwar

Mu 1920, chithunzicho amalenga zovala ndi zokongola kwa kuvina "The Nightingale" ndi Igor Stravinsky ndipo analemba mkombero "Odalisque" potsanzira Renoir. Matisse zojambula nthawi imeneyi, makamaka "Kompotnitsa ndi maluwa" anam'bweretsera kutchuka mwa luso okonda American. Patapita zaka khumi, chithunzicho anatumizidwa ku Tahiti, kenako amalenga mural chosonyeza kuvina kanjedza eyiti kwa Barnes Foundation mu Philadelphia. Pamene ntchito pa zina zachidule kwa ntchito yaikulu imeneyi amagwiritsa ntchito njira za decoupage. Ndiye iye anakomana imasonkhezera chachikulu - Lidiey Delektorskoy, kugona ndi omwe ali chifukwa cha chisudzulo ndi Madame Matisse. Zithunzi achinyamata Russian emigrant, imene chithunzicho anafotokoza Changu onse chilakolako wake, lero kukometsera zakale kwambiri mu dziko, inu mukhoza kuwona iwo mu Russia.

Moyo pa utakhala ndi

Nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse vuto linalake kuti Matisse. Monga tsoka naye amakhalabe onse mu Nice, kuchokera ana, ndi chitonthozo wake yekha ndi Lydia Delektorskaya. Mwamwayi, France ndi kumasulidwa ogwirizana nawalanditsa Mwana wamkazi imfa ndi Mkazi wa mmisiri, amene yatsekeredwa ndi Gestapo ntchito odana lopondereza.

"Chapel pogwiritsa ntchito korona"

Mu 1948-1953 gg. chithunzicho akugwira ntchito pa ndondomeko ya mkati mwa nyumba yopemphereramo mu Vence Roser. Lero chikudziwika ngati "Chapel pogwiritsa ntchito korona." Mu ntchito ino yotsiriza ya mbuye apanga zonse zinali bwino mu ntchito yake mu zaka zam'mbuyo.

Makoma a m'tchalitchi okutidwa ndi matailosi Khoma woyera, chimene chimafotokoza St. Domi- monga chithunzi popanda nkhope kutalika 4.5 m, ndi Virgin Woyera ndi Mwana Yesu. Angagwiritsidwenso ikuchitika yekha wakuda utoto kuona zochitika za chiweruzo chotsiriza, ndipo yopemphereramo ndi korona chifanizo cha kumwamba, imene liwutamira wosakhwima mtanda.

art Features

Matisse mndandanda nthawi olembedwa monga wojambula, kufuna ungwiro, kupanga Mabaibulo angapo a ntchito yomweyo. The mitu chachikulu cha ntchito akuvina oweta, zoimbira, Miphika okongola ndi zipatso yowutsa mudyo, ziwiya zosowa, makalapeti ndi nsalu zokongola, ndi maganizo kuchokera mawindo.

Kupereka chisangalalo mtundu ndi kukongola mitundu kunja - ndicho cholinga chachikulu anathamangitsa ndi Matisse. Zithunzi ndi mayina amene mukudziwa kale, lero ndi chokongoletsera zopereka payekha ndi m'mamyuziyamu padziko lonse, komanso kumenya mitengo mbiri pa amagulitsa nsombazo.

Ntchito anasonyeza mwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi ku dziko lathu

Kodi ndinu osangalatsidwa mu njira, imene analemba Matisse? Chithunzi (ndi mayina, kumene) Tingaone mu Russia. Makamaka, zojambula angapo chithunzicho, monga "Blue poto Ndimu", "ware pa tebulo", "View wa Collioure" neri Al., Anasonyeza mu Hermitage. Komanso, Museum wa iwo. Pushkin anapitiriza ntchito monga "Red Nsomba" ndi "Blue mtsuko."